公开(公告)号：US4080437A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-21

申请号：US688124

申请日：1976-05-20

申请人： Lothar Reh ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Hans Werner Schmidt ,  Gunter Schoene ,  Philippe Marchessaux

发明人： Lothar Reh ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Hans Werner Schmidt ,  Gunter Schoene ,  Philippe Marchessaux

IPC分类号： C01B7/03 ,  B01J8/26 ,  C01B13/26 ,  C01F7/30

CPC分类号： B01J8/26 ,  C01B13/26 ,  C01F7/306 ,  Y10S423/16

摘要： Process for the thermal decomposition of aluminum chloride hexahydrate into anhydrous Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, comprising predrying and then decomposition in a fluidization reactor, the said fluidization being ensured by recycled gaseous HCl, and finally heating at the temperature necessary to obtain the desired crystallization state, namely anhydrous Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, the said pre-drying being carried out by the gases coming from this final heating.

摘要翻译： 将氯化铝六水合物热分解成无水Al 2 O 3的方法，包括在流化反应器中预干燥然后分解，所述流化通过循环的气态HCl确保，最后在获得所需结晶状态所需的温度下加热，即无水Al 2 O3，所述预干燥由来自该最终加热的气体进行。

公开(公告)号：US4107281A

公开(公告)日：1978-08-15

申请号：US823643

申请日：1977-08-11

申请人： Lothar Reh ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Philippe Marchessaux

发明人： Lothar Reh ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Philippe Marchessaux

IPC分类号： C01F7/30

CPC分类号： C01F7/306 ,  Y10S423/16

摘要： The thermal decomposition of aluminum chloride hydrate in which the preponderant portion of the hydrate is thermally decomposed in an indirectly heated reaction chamber while in a fluidized state with any remainder thermally decomposed in a directly heated rotary furnace and passing the formed aluminum oxide in heat exchange with combustion gases to cool the aluminum oxide and to preheat the combustion gases.

摘要翻译： 氯化铝水合物的热分解，其中水合物的主要部分在间接加热的反应室中在流化状态下热分解，任何残余物在直接加热的旋转炉中热分解，并使形成的氧化铝与 燃烧气体以冷却氧化铝并预热燃烧气体。

公开(公告)号：US4091085A

公开(公告)日：1978-05-23

申请号：US823644

申请日：1977-08-11

申请人： Lothar Reh ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Philippe Marchessaux

发明人： Lothar Reh ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Philippe Marchessaux

IPC分类号： B01J8/24 ,  C01F7/30

CPC分类号： C01F7/306 ,  Y10S423/16

摘要： Thermal decomposition of aluminum chloride hydrate in a fluidized bed reactor in which the concentration of solids diminishes from the bottom upwards, the improvement wherein most of the hydrogen chloride is removed from the hydrate by direct heat and the largely decomposed aluminum chloride is fed into a calcining reactor and from the calcining reactor to a residence time reactor fluidized at low gas velocity, recycling solids from the residence reactor to the calcining reactor in an amount to adjust the suspension density and feeding the remainder to a cooler after sufficient time in the residence reactor.

摘要翻译： 在其中固体浓度从底部向下减少的流化床反应器中的氯化铝水合物的热分解，其中大部分氯化氢通过直接加热从水合物中除去，并且将大部分分解的氯化铝加入煅烧 反应器和从煅烧反应器到停留时间反应器以低气体速度流化的停留时间反应器，将固体从停留反应器循环到煅烧反应器中，其量调节悬浮液密度，并且在停留反应器中经过足够的时间后将剩余物送入冷却器。

公开(公告)号：US4226844A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-07

申请号：US9115

申请日：1979-02-05

申请人： Lothar Reh ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Philippe Marchessaux ,  Raman Sood

发明人： Lothar Reh ,  Ludolf Plass ,  Philippe Marchessaux ,  Raman Sood

IPC分类号： B01J8/24 ,  C01F7/30

CPC分类号： C01F7/306 ,  B01J8/24 ,  Y10S423/16

摘要： Thermally splitting hydrate of aluminum chloride to produce aluminum oxide wherein the hydrate is at least partially split by contact with hot gases and hot calcined product in a turbulent zone, transmitting the material from the turbulent zone into a residence zone, recycling a portion of the solids from the residence zone to the turbulent zone in an amount to maintain a desired suspension density while the remainder is passed to a turbulent cooling zone in heat exchange with the fluidizing gas introduced into the turbulent zone.

摘要翻译： 热分解氯化铝水合物以产生氧化铝，其中水合物通过与湍流区域中的热气体和热煅烧产物接触而至少部分地分裂，将材料从湍流区域传输到停留区域，再循环一部分固体 从停留区到湍流区，其量保持期望的悬浮密度，而其余部分与引入湍流区的流化气体进行热交换而与湍流冷却区相通。

公开(公告)号：US4076796A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-28

申请号：US690525

申请日：1976-05-27

申请人： Lothar Reh ,  Hans-Werner Schmidt ,  Ludolf Plass

发明人： Lothar Reh ,  Hans-Werner Schmidt ,  Ludolf Plass

IPC分类号： C22B1/10 ,  B01J6/00 ,  B01J8/24 ,  B01J8/26 ,  B01J8/38 ,  C01F7/30 ,  C01F7/44 ,  C01G49/00 ,  C01G49/02 ,  C04B2/02 ,  C04B2/10

CPC分类号： B01J6/004 ,  B01J8/26 ,  B01J8/388 ,  C01F7/445 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y10S423/06 ,  Y10S423/16

摘要： Endothermic processes are carried out in a fluidized-bed reactor which is connected to a holding reactor, solids being recirculated between the two reactors. The primary fluidized-bed reactor uses a fast-fluidized bed system in which the solids concentration decreases continuously from the bottom to the top of the reactor. After the necessary residence time in the holding reactor, solids are discharged. Solids are entrained with the gas stream from the primary reactor and are separated therefrom to be delivered to the holding reactor. The reaction is controlled by regulating the rate of recirculation of solids from the holding reactor to the fast fluidized bed reactor.

摘要翻译： 吸热过程在连接到保持反应器的流化床反应器中进行，固体在两个反应器之间再循环。 主流化床反应器使用快速流化床系统，其中固体浓度从反应器的底部到顶部连续地降低。 在保持反应器中必要的停留时间后，固体排出。 固体被来自初级反应器的气流夹带并与其分离，以被输送到保持反应器。 通过调节固体从保持反应器再循环到快速流化床反应器的速率来控制反应。

公开(公告)号：US4996836A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-05

申请号：US423669

申请日：1989-10-18

申请人： Lothar Reh ,  Rolf Graf ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Ludolf Plass

发明人： Lothar Reh ,  Rolf Graf ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Ludolf Plass

IPC分类号： F02C6/18 ,  F01K23/02 ,  F01K23/06 ,  F02C3/28

CPC分类号： F01K23/062

摘要： Disclosed is a process of carrying out a combined gas turbine and steam turbine process of increased efficiency.A fuel gas is produced at a temperature of from 900.degree. to 1100.degree. C. in a circulating fluidized bed by a gasification of 70 to 95 wt. % of the carbon contained in the carbonaceous material and is treated at a temperature of from 850.degree. to 950.degree. C. with suspended solids consisting of calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide and/or calcium carbonate-containing solids to remove pollutants. The main portion of the fuel gas is burnt to produce a gas which is used to operate the gas turbine and which contains at least 5% by volume oxygen and is at a temperature of at least 1000.degree. C. Combustion of the carbonaceous gasification residue to produce process steam is performed in a second circulating fluidized bed at a temperature of from 800.degree. to 950.degree. C. under near-stoichiometric conditions by a treatment with oxygen-containing gases, which are supplied on different levels in at least two partial streams and mainly consist of exhaust gas from the gas turbine. The desulfurized fuel gas is preferably cooled to a temperature in the range from 350.degree. to 600.degree. C. and is freed from halides.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种提高效率的燃气轮机组合和汽轮机组合方法。 在循环流化床中，通过气化70〜95重量％，在900〜1100℃的温度下生成燃料气体。 在碳质材料中含有的碳的％，并且在850℃至950℃的温度下用含有氢氧化钙，氧化钙和/或含碳酸钙的固体组成的悬浮固体进行处理以除去污染物。 燃料气体的主要部分被燃烧以产生用于操作燃气轮机的气体，并且其含有至少5体积％的氧气并且处于至少1000℃的温度。碳质气化残余物与 在接近化学计量的条件下通过用含氧气体处理在第二循环流化床中在800℃至950℃的温度下进行生产过程蒸汽，所述含氧气体在至少两个部分流中以不同水平供应， 主要由燃气轮机的废气组成。 脱硫燃料气体优选冷却至350℃至600℃的温度，并且不脱离卤化物。

公开(公告)号：US4111158A

公开(公告)日：1978-09-05

申请号：US801007

申请日：1977-05-26

申请人： Lothar Reh ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Ludolf Plass

发明人： Lothar Reh ,  Martin Hirsch ,  Ludolf Plass

IPC分类号： F23C10/02 ,  B01J8/26 ,  B01J8/38 ,  C22B1/10 ,  F22B31/00 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/24 ,  F27B15/00 ,  F22B1/02 ,  F23D19/00

CPC分类号： C22B1/10 ,  B01J8/26 ,  B01J8/388 ,  F22B31/0084 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F27B15/00 ,  F23C2206/101

摘要： A method of and apparatus for carrying out an exothermic process in which a combustible-containing solid (e.g. coal shale, pyrite or limestone in combination with fuel oil) are burned in a fluidized-bed reactor with primary and secondary streams of oxygen-containing combustion-sustaining gas (in a volume ratio of 1:20 to 2:1) supplied at different levels so that the primary gas acts as the fluidizing gas. The gas velocities and rate of gas feeds are controlled to provide a mean suspension density above the secondary gas inlet of 10 to 40 kg/m.sup.3. The major portion of solid feed is introduced into the space below the secondary gas inlet which is maintained substantially free of internal fixtures and the effluent gases are separated from the entrained solids which are recycled to the bed. Solids withdrawn from the bed are cooled in a fluidized-bed cooler and the temperature of the bed is maintained constant by the controlled recirculation of cooled solids thereto from the cooler. The gas heated in the cooler is fed to the bed as the secondary gas.

公开(公告)号：US4425163A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-10

申请号：US349876

申请日：1982-02-18

申请人： Hans-Werner Schmidt ,  Hans Beisswenger ,  Lothar Reh ,  Albert Folliot ,  Maurice Paliard

发明人： Hans-Werner Schmidt ,  Hans Beisswenger ,  Lothar Reh ,  Albert Folliot ,  Maurice Paliard

IPC分类号： C04B7/44 ,  C04B7/36 ,  C04B7/43 ,  C04B7/45 ,  F27B7/20 ,  F27D13/00

CPC分类号： C04B7/434 ,  F27B7/2016 ,  Y02P40/121

摘要： Cement clinker is produced in that raw cement powder is preheated in a suspension-type heat exchanger and is de-acidified in a fluidized bed and clinkered in a rotary kiln, and the clinker is subsequently cooled. A de-acidification of at least 95% is effected at a temperature above 850.degree. C. in a circulation system comprising a fluidized bed reactor, a cyclone separator and a recycling duct. The carbonaceous fuel required for the calcining and clinkering processes is fed in an amount of at least 65% (related to the total heat requirement) to the de-acidifying fluidized bed reactor and in an amount of at least 10% (related to the total heat requirement) to the clinkering rotary kiln.The fuel supplied to the de-acidifying fluidizing bed reactor is burnt near stoichiometrically in two stages with fluidizing gas and secondary gas. The ratios of the rates and volumes of fluidizing gas to secondary gas are so selected that a mean suspension density of 100 to 300 kg/m.sup.3 is maintained in the zone between the inlet for fluidizing gas and the inlet for secondary gas, and a mean suspension density of 5 to 30 kg/m.sup.3 is maintained above the inlet for secondary gas.

摘要翻译： 生产水泥熟料，原料水泥粉末在悬浮式热交换器中进行预热，在流化床中脱酸并在回转窑中熟化，随后冷却熟料。 在包含流化床反应器，旋风分离器和循环管道的循环系统中，在高于850℃的温度下进行至少95％的脱酸。 煅烧和熟料工艺所需的含碳燃料以与脱酸流化床反应器相同的至少65％（与总热量需求相关）的量加入至少10％（与总量相关） 热要求）到熟料回转窑。 供给到脱酸流化床反应器的燃料在化学计量学附近以流化气体和二次气体两阶段燃烧。 流化气体与二次气体的比率和体积比被选择为在流化气体入口和二次气体入口之间的区域保持平均悬浮密度为100-300kg / m3，平均悬浮密度 在二次气体入口上方保持5〜30kg / m3。

公开(公告)号：US4402754A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-06

申请号：US349878

申请日：1982-02-18

申请人： Hans-Werner Schmidt ,  Hans Beisswenger ,  Lothar Reh ,  Albert Folliot ,  Maurice P. Iard

发明人： Hans-Werner Schmidt ,  Hans Beisswenger ,  Lothar Reh ,  Albert Folliot ,  Maurice P. Iard

IPC分类号： C04B7/44 ,  C04B7/36 ,  C04B7/43 ,  C04B7/45 ,  F23C10/00 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F27B7/20 ,  F27D13/00

CPC分类号： F23C10/10 ,  C04B7/434 ,  F23C10/005 ,  F27B7/20 ,  F23C2206/101 ,  Y02P40/121

摘要： Cement clinker is produced in that raw cement powder is preheated in a suspension-type heat exchanger and is de-acidified in a precalcining apparatus and clinkered in a fluidized bed and the clinker is subsequently cooled. An de-acidification of at least 95% is effected at a temperature above 85.degree. C. in a circulation system comprising a fluidized bed reactor, a cyclone separator and a recycling duct. The carbonaceous fuel required for the calcining and clinkering processes is fed in an amount of at least 65% (related to the total heat requirement) to the de-acidifying fluidized bed reactor and in an amount of at least 10% (related to the total heat requirement) to the clinkering fluidized bed reactor. The fuel supplied to the fluidizing bed reactor is burnt near stoichiometrically in two stages with fluidizing gas and secondary gas. The ratios of the rates and volumes of fluidizing gas to secondary gas are so selected that a means suspension density of 100 to 300 kg/m.sup.3 is maintained in the zone between the inlet for fluidizing gas and the inlet for fluidizing gas, and a mean suspension density of 5 to 30 kg/m.sup.3 is maintained above the inlet for secondary gas.

摘要翻译： 生产水泥熟料，原料水泥粉末在悬浮式热交换器中进行预热，并在预分解装置中脱酸，并在流化床中熟化，熟料随后被冷却。 在包含流化床反应器，旋风分离器和循环管道的循环系统中，在85℃以上的温度下进行至少95％的脱酸。 煅烧和熟料工艺所需的含碳燃料以与脱酸流化床反应器相同的至少65％（与总热量需求相关）的量加入至少10％（与总量相关） 热需求）到熟料流化床反应器。 供给到流化床反应器的燃料在化学计量学上分两次燃烧，流化气体和二次气体。 流化气体与二次气体的比率和体积比被选择为在流化气体入口和流化气体入口之间的区域中保持100至300kg / m 3的平均悬浮密度，并且平均悬浮液 在二次气体入口上方保持5〜30kg / m3的密度。

公开(公告)号：US5579588A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-03

申请号：US452180

申请日：1995-05-26

申请人： Lothar Reh ,  Marc Tesch ,  Beat Hani ,  Arthur Ruf

发明人： Lothar Reh ,  Marc Tesch ,  Beat Hani ,  Arthur Ruf

IPC分类号： G01F13/00 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/24 ,  F26B3/08

CPC分类号： B01J8/1809 ,  B01J8/003 ,  B01J2208/0007 ,  B01J2208/00088 ,  B01J2208/00539 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2208/0061 ,  B01J2208/00761

摘要： A method for metering solid present in the gas/solid stream of a fluidized-bed apparatus, in which gas and solid are present as a prehomogenized, free-flowing mixture in a fluidized bed and in which at least one outlet orifice for removal of the gas/solid stream is provided in an outflow pipe. The method provides for feeding a particulate phase and a gas phase, homogenizing the two phases in a fluidized bed, discharging the two-phase flow via a discharge pipe and injecting gas into the discharge pipe.

摘要翻译： 在流化床设备的气体/固体物流中计量固态物质的方法，其中气体和固体作为流化床中的预均匀，自由流动的混合物存在，其中至少一个出口孔用于除去 在流出管中设置气体/固体物流。 该方法提供颗粒相和气相的进料，将流化床中的两相均化，通过排出管排出两相流，并将气体喷射到排放管中。