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公开(公告)号：US4402754A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-06
申请号：US349878
申请日：1982-02-18
CPC分类号： F23C10/10 , C04B7/434 , F23C10/005 , F27B7/20 , F23C2206/101 , Y02P40/121
摘要： Cement clinker is produced in that raw cement powder is preheated in a suspension-type heat exchanger and is de-acidified in a precalcining apparatus and clinkered in a fluidized bed and the clinker is subsequently cooled. An de-acidification of at least 95% is effected at a temperature above 85.degree. C. in a circulation system comprising a fluidized bed reactor, a cyclone separator and a recycling duct. The carbonaceous fuel required for the calcining and clinkering processes is fed in an amount of at least 65% (related to the total heat requirement) to the de-acidifying fluidized bed reactor and in an amount of at least 10% (related to the total heat requirement) to the clinkering fluidized bed reactor. The fuel supplied to the fluidizing bed reactor is burnt near stoichiometrically in two stages with fluidizing gas and secondary gas. The ratios of the rates and volumes of fluidizing gas to secondary gas are so selected that a means suspension density of 100 to 300 kg/m.sup.3 is maintained in the zone between the inlet for fluidizing gas and the inlet for fluidizing gas, and a mean suspension density of 5 to 30 kg/m.sup.3 is maintained above the inlet for secondary gas.
摘要翻译： 生产水泥熟料，原料水泥粉末在悬浮式热交换器中进行预热，并在预分解装置中脱酸，并在流化床中熟化，熟料随后被冷却。 在包含流化床反应器，旋风分离器和循环管道的循环系统中，在85℃以上的温度下进行至少95％的脱酸。 煅烧和熟料工艺所需的含碳燃料以与脱酸流化床反应器相同的至少65％（与总热量需求相关）的量加入至少10％（与总量相关） 热需求）到熟料流化床反应器。 供给到流化床反应器的燃料在化学计量学上分两次燃烧，流化气体和二次气体。 流化气体与二次气体的比率和体积比被选择为在流化气体入口和流化气体入口之间的区域中保持100至300kg / m 3的平均悬浮密度，并且平均悬浮液 在二次气体入口上方保持5〜30kg / m3的密度。
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公开(公告)号：US4425163A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-10
申请号：US349876
申请日：1982-02-18
CPC分类号： C04B7/434 , F27B7/2016 , Y02P40/121
摘要： Cement clinker is produced in that raw cement powder is preheated in a suspension-type heat exchanger and is de-acidified in a fluidized bed and clinkered in a rotary kiln, and the clinker is subsequently cooled. A de-acidification of at least 95% is effected at a temperature above 850.degree. C. in a circulation system comprising a fluidized bed reactor, a cyclone separator and a recycling duct. The carbonaceous fuel required for the calcining and clinkering processes is fed in an amount of at least 65% (related to the total heat requirement) to the de-acidifying fluidized bed reactor and in an amount of at least 10% (related to the total heat requirement) to the clinkering rotary kiln.The fuel supplied to the de-acidifying fluidizing bed reactor is burnt near stoichiometrically in two stages with fluidizing gas and secondary gas. The ratios of the rates and volumes of fluidizing gas to secondary gas are so selected that a mean suspension density of 100 to 300 kg/m.sup.3 is maintained in the zone between the inlet for fluidizing gas and the inlet for secondary gas, and a mean suspension density of 5 to 30 kg/m.sup.3 is maintained above the inlet for secondary gas.
摘要翻译： 生产水泥熟料，原料水泥粉末在悬浮式热交换器中进行预热，在流化床中脱酸并在回转窑中熟化，随后冷却熟料。 在包含流化床反应器，旋风分离器和循环管道的循环系统中，在高于850℃的温度下进行至少95％的脱酸。 煅烧和熟料工艺所需的含碳燃料以与脱酸流化床反应器相同的至少65％（与总热量需求相关）的量加入至少10％（与总量相关） 热要求）到熟料回转窑。 供给到脱酸流化床反应器的燃料在化学计量学附近以流化气体和二次气体两阶段燃烧。 流化气体与二次气体的比率和体积比被选择为在流化气体入口和二次气体入口之间的区域保持平均悬浮密度为100-300kg / m3，平均悬浮密度 在二次气体入口上方保持5〜30kg / m3。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4444568A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-24
申请号：US362266
申请日：1982-03-26
CPC分类号： C10J3/84 , C10J3/463 , C10J3/54 , C10J3/721 , C10J3/86 , C10K1/004 , C10K1/026 , C10K1/08 , F23C10/005 , F23C10/10 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1884 , F23C2206/101
摘要： In a process of simultaneously producing fuel gas and process heat from carbonaceous materials wherein the carbonaceous materials are gasified in a first fluidized bed stage and the combustible constituents left after the gasification are subsequently burnt in a second fluidized bed stage the throughput rate and the flexibility are increased in that the gasification is carried out at a pressure of up to 5 bars and a temperature of 800.degree. to 1100.degree. C. by a treatment with oxygen-containing gases in the presence of steam in a circulating fluidized bed and 40 to 80% of the carbon contained in the starting material are thus reacted. Sulfur compounds are removed from the resulting gas in a fluidized state at a temperature in the range from 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C. and the gas is then cooled and subjected to dust collection. The gasification residue together with the by-products which have become available in the purification of the gas, such as laden desulfurizing agent, dust and aqueous condensate, are fed to another circulating fluidized bed and the remaining combustible constituents are burnt there with an oxygen excess of 5 to 40%.
摘要翻译： 在同时生产燃料气体和来自含碳材料的工艺热的过程中，其中碳质材料在第一流化床阶段气化，并且在气化之后留下的可燃组分随后在第二流化床阶段中燃烧，生产率和柔性是 增加了在循环流化床中在蒸汽存在下用含氧气体处理，在高达5巴的压力和800至1100℃的温度下进行气化，并且40-80％ 的原料中所含的碳因此反应。 在800〜1000℃的温度下，以流化状态从所得气体中除去硫化合物，然后将气体冷却并进行集尘。 将气化残余物与在净化气体中可获得的副产物（如负载脱硫剂，灰尘和含水冷凝物）一起进料到另一个循环流化床中，剩余的可燃成分在那里燃烧，过氧 为5〜40％。
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公开(公告)号：US5336317A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-09
申请号：US29784
申请日：1993-03-11
CPC分类号： C04B7/43 , C04B7/4446
摘要： A process for producing cement, including preheating a mixture of ground raw materials (raw meal) in a preheating cyclone to form a preheated raw meal, calcining the preheated raw meal in a calciner to form a calcined raw meal, burning the calcined raw meal in a rotary kiln with the aid of a high-grade fuel to form a cement clinker, cooling the cement clinker in a rotary kiln and grinding the cooled cement clinker. The process is characterized by replacing 50 to 70% of the high-grade fuel with a low-grade fuel, gasifying the low-grade fuel in a fluidized bed to form a resulting fuel gas, supplying a first portion of the resulting fuel gas to a main burner of the rotary kiln, a second portion of the resulting fuel gas to the exhaust gas stream from the rotary kiln and a third portion of the resulting fuel gas to the calciner.
摘要翻译： 一种用于生产水泥的方法，包括在预热旋风分离器中预热原料（生料）的混合物以形成预热的生料，在煅烧炉中煅烧预热的生料，形成煅烧生料， 借助于高级燃料形成水泥熟料的回转窑，在回转窑中冷却水泥熟料并研磨冷却的水泥熟料。 该方法的特征在于用低等级燃料代替50％至70％的高级燃料，在流化床中气化低级燃料以形成所产生的燃料气体，将所得燃料气体的第一部分供应到 回转窑的主燃烧器，所产生的燃料气体的第二部分与来自回转窑的废气流和所得燃料气体的第三部分转移到煅烧炉。
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公开(公告)号：US5215042A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-01
申请号：US645379
申请日：1991-01-18
申请人： Hans Beisswenger , Rainer Reimer , Karel Vydra
发明人： Hans Beisswenger , Rainer Reimer , Karel Vydra
CPC分类号： F23C10/10 , B01J8/386 , B01J8/388 , F22B31/003 , F23C2206/101
摘要： A reactor for combusting fine-grained solid fuels in a circulating fluidized bed contains a combustion chamber, which is provided with lines which open in the lower portion of that chamber and serve to feed primary air, secondary air and solid fuel. The fluidized bed combustion chamber is divided into compartments by at least one partition provided in the upper portion of the fluidized bed combustion chamber. Each compartment communicates through a passage with at least one solids separator, which is connected to means for recycling solids and communicates with the compartment through a passage.
摘要翻译： 用于在循环流化床中燃烧细粒状固体燃料的反应器包含燃烧室，该燃烧室设置有在该室的下部开口并用于输送一次空气，二次空气和固体燃料的管线。 流化床燃烧室由设置在流化床燃烧室上部的至少一个隔板分成隔室。 每个隔室通过通道与至少一个固体分离器连通，固体分离器连接到用于再循环固体的装置，并通过通道与隔室连通。
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公开(公告)号：US5159886A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-03
申请号：US827011
申请日：1992-01-28
申请人： Georg Schaub , Gebhard Bandel , Rainer Reimert , Hans Beisswenger
发明人： Georg Schaub , Gebhard Bandel , Rainer Reimert , Hans Beisswenger
CPC分类号： F23C10/10 , F23C10/005 , F23J15/08 , F23C2206/101 , F23C2206/103 , F23J2215/101
摘要： Granular coal is combusted in a circulating fluidized bed system comprising a combustion chamber, a separator and a recycle line for recycling solids from the separator to the combustion chamber. Gas from carbonization is added to the oxygen-containing combustion gas withdrawn from the combustion chamber and is at least partly combusted in said combustion gas to increase the temperature of the combustion gas to about 850.degree. to 1200.degree. C. The gas from carbonization is produced by the heating of granular coal.
摘要翻译： 颗粒煤在包括燃烧室，分离器和再循环管线的循环流化床系统中燃烧，用于将固体从分离器再循环到燃烧室。 将来自碳化的气体添加到从燃烧室排出的含氧燃烧气体中，并且在所述燃烧气体中至少部分地燃烧，以将燃烧气体的温度升高至约850℃至1200℃。产生来自碳化的气体 通过加热颗粒煤。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4776288A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-11
申请号：US080424
申请日：1987-07-31
CPC分类号： F23C10/10 , F23C10/005 , F23C2206/101
摘要： Disclosed is a process for improving the solids distribution in a circulating fluidized bed system. In the invention, hot ash from the system and fresh carbonaceous fuel are mixed in a chamber which is fluidized so as to form a fluidization zone wherein the heavier material is concentrated and a second fluidization zone which consists predominantly of fines at least a portion of which is separated from the heavier material. This zone separation is facilitated in part by maintaining different gas-mass flow rates so as to form a plug of heavier material. At least a portion of the fine material is then transferred into the reactor while the coarse material is further processed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种改善循环流化床系统中固体分布的方法。 在本发明中，来自系统的热灰和新鲜碳质燃料在流化的室中混合，以便形成流化区，其中较重的材料被浓缩，而第二流化区主要由细粉组成，其中至少一部分 与较重的材料分离。 通过保持不同的气体质量流率来部分地促进该区域分离，从而形成较重材料的塞子。 然后将至少一部分细材料转移到反应器中，同时进一步处理粗材料。
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8.发明授权Process for the regulating or controlling the NOx content of exhaust gases given off during the operating of glass melting furnaces with several burners run alternately 失效用于调节或控制在具有多个燃烧器的玻璃熔炉操作期间排出的废气的NOx含量交替进行的过程公开(公告)号：US06237368B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-29
申请号：US09202523
申请日：1999-08-30
申请人： Hans Beisswenger , Klaus Hasselwander , Hansjörg Herden , Gernot Mayer-Schwinning , Gurudas Samant , Peter Ludwig
发明人： Hans Beisswenger , Klaus Hasselwander , Hansjörg Herden , Gernot Mayer-Schwinning , Gurudas Samant , Peter Ludwig
IPC分类号： C03B516
CPC分类号： B01D53/346 , B01D53/56 , C03B5/235 , G05D11/138 , Y10S65/13 , Y10S422/90
摘要： A method for regulating or controlling the content of NOx in the exhaust gases of a glass-melting furnace having several burners operated in alternation, wherein both the beginning and the end of a combustion break (FP+, FP−) are supplied to a binary signal generator (8) which passes a signal to a regulator (4) with a time delay and upon receipt of the time-regulator (4), and the amount of NH3 supplied to the denitrating plant is adjusted to a lower constant fixed value F1 via a control, and by means of a memory element (7) a higher constant fixed value F2 is calculated as amount of NH3 and supplied to the regulator (4), whereupon as soon as the regulator (4) has received the signal of the time-delayed end of a combustion break, the fixed value F1 is adjusted to the fixed value F2 via a control, and subsequently the regulation is directly continued.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调节或控制具有多个燃烧器的玻璃熔炉的废气中的NOx的含量的方法，其中燃烧器的开始和结束（FP +，FP-）都被提供给二进制信号 发电机（8），其随时间延迟将信号传递给调节器（4），并且在接收到时间调节器（4）时，并且提供给脱硝设备的NH 3量被调节到较低的常数固定值F1，经由 控制，并且通过存储元件（7），较高的常数固定值F2被计算为NH3的量并提供给调节器（4），于是一旦调节器（4）接收到时间信号 燃烧断裂的延时结束，通过控制将固定值F1调整到固定值F2，随后直接继续调节。
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公开(公告)号：US5993765A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-30
申请号：US980716
申请日：1997-12-01
申请人： Hans Beisswenger , Bernhard Thone , Wolfram Klee
发明人： Hans Beisswenger , Bernhard Thone , Wolfram Klee
IPC分类号： B01D53/34 , B01D53/50 , B01D53/68 , B01D53/83 , B03C3/013 , B03C3/014 , C01B17/60 , B01D53/96
CPC分类号： B01D53/83 , B01D53/508 , B01D53/685 , B03C3/013 , B03C3/014 , Y10S423/16
摘要： The process for dry desulfuration of a combustion gas includes providing an electrostatic precipitator (12) or an inertia force separator for dedusting; dedusting the combustion gas at temperatures of 100.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. in the electrostatic precipitator or at temperatures of 100.degree. C. to 700.degree. C. in the inertia force separator to form a partially dedusted combustion gas with a solids content of 5 to 40 g/Nm.sup.3 ; mixing the partially dedusted combustion gas with CaO and/or Ca(OH).sub.2 and optionally CaCO.sub.3 to form a gaseous mixture; providing a circulating fluidized bed device including a fluidized-bed reactor (8) and a downstream solids separator (7) with a return line (17) to the fluidized-bed reactor (8), the solids separator (7) being either another electrostatic precipitator or a bag filter; feeding the gaseous mixture and water into the fluidized-bed reactor (8); cooling the gaseous mixture in the fluidized-bed reactor (8) to a temperature of 50.degree. C. to 90.degree. C.; withdrawing a solids-containing gas from an upper portion of the fluidized-bed reactor (8); feeding the solids-containing gas into the solids separator (7) to form separated solids and a cleaned gas; recycling one portion of the separated solids into the fluidized-bed reactor (8) and mixing another portion of the separated solids with the combustion gas.
摘要翻译： 燃烧气体的干式脱硫方法包括提供静电除尘器（12）或用于除尘的惯性力分离器; 在静电除尘器中在100℃至180℃的温度下或在惯性力分离器中在100℃至700℃的温度下对燃烧气体进行除尘，以形成部分除尘的燃烧气体，其固体含量为 5〜40g / Nm3; 将部分除尘的燃烧气体与CaO和/或Ca（OH）2和任选的CaCO 3混合以形成气体混合物; 提供包括流化床反应器（8）和具有到流化床反应器（8）的返回管线（17）的下游固体分离器（7）的循环流化床装置，固体分离器（7）是另一个静电 除尘器或袋式过滤器; 将气态混合物和水进料到流化床反应器（8）中; 将流化床反应器（8）中的气体混合物冷却至50℃至90℃的温度; 从流化床反应器（8）的上部排出含固体的气体; 将含固体的气体进料到固体分离器（7）中以形成分离的固体和清洁的气体; 将一部分分离的固体回收到流化床反应器（8）中，并将另一部分分离的固体与燃烧气体混合。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5425317A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-20
申请号：US139186
申请日：1993-10-19
CPC分类号： C10J3/56 , C10J3/482 , C10J3/54 , C10J3/86 , C10K1/002 , C10K1/003 , C10K1/004 , C10K1/024 , C10K1/026 , C10K1/028 , C10G2300/1003 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/1606 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1876 , F23G2201/40 , F23G2202/20 , Y02E50/30
摘要： The waste materials are gasified in a circulating fluidized bed in a gasification reactor, which is supplied with oxygen-containing gas. A gas-solids mixture is withdrawn from the upper region of the gasification reactor and is fed to a separator. Dust-laden gas and separated solids are separately withdrawn from the separator and the separated solids are recycled at least in part to the lower region of the gasification reactor. Temperatures in the range from 700.degree. to 1000.degree. C. are maintained in the gasification reactor. The dust-laden gas which is withdrawn from the separator has a heating value of about 3000 to 6000 kJ/sm.sup.3 and is fed to a combustion chamber and is combusted therein at temperatures from 1200.degree. to 1900.degree. C. Liquid slag is withdrawn from the combustion chamber.
摘要翻译： 废气在气化反应器的循环流化床中气化，供给含氧气体。 将气体 - 固体混合物从气化反应器的上部区域排出并进料到分离器。 分离出的固体物质与分离的固体物质分开地从分离器中取出，分离的固体至少部分地再循环到气化反应器的下部区域。 在气化反应器中保持700〜1000℃的温度。 从分离器抽出的含尘气体的加热值约为3000〜6000kJ / sm3，送入燃烧室，在1200〜1900℃的温度下燃烧。液渣从 燃烧室。
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