公开(公告)号：US06493202B2

公开(公告)日：2002-12-10

申请号：US09791341

申请日：2001-02-23

申请人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

发明人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

IPC分类号： H01H4700

CPC分类号： H01H50/30 ,  H01H47/08 ,  H01H50/44 ,  H01H50/546

摘要： An electromagnetic operator includes first and second coils wound coaxially. An armature partially surrounds the coils for channeling flux during energization of the coils. The armature may be formed of a bent plate and secured to a ferromagnetic support. A control circuit applies energizing signals to the coils during operation. Both coils are energized during an initial phase of operation. One of the coils is subsequently released or de-energized automatically. A timing circuit removes current from the second coil after a variable time period. The time period may be a function of the configuration of the timing circuit, such as an RC time constant, and of the energizing signal.

摘要翻译： 电磁操作器包括同轴缠绕的第一和第二线圈。 电枢部分地围绕线圈，用于在线圈通电期间引导通量。 电枢可以由弯曲板形成并固定到铁磁性支撑件。 控制电路在操作期间向线圈施加通电信号。 两个线圈在初始操作阶段都通电。 其中一个线圈随后自动释放或断电。 定时电路在可变时间段之后从第二线圈去除电流。 该时间段可以是诸如RC时间常数和激励信号的定时电路的配置的函数。

公开(公告)号：US06411489B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-25

申请号：US09792702

申请日：2001-02-23

申请人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

发明人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

IPC分类号： H01H900

CPC分类号： H01H50/30 ,  H01H47/08 ,  H01H50/44 ,  H01H50/546

摘要： An electromagnetic operator includes first and second coils wound coaxially. An armature partially surrounds the coils for channeling flux during energization of the coils. The armature may be formed of a bent plate and secured to a ferromagnetic support. A control circuit applies energizing signals to the coils during operation. Both coils are energized during an initial phase of operation. One of the coils is subsequently released or de-energized automatically. A timing circuit removes current from the second coil after a variable time period. The time period may be a function of the configuration of the timing circuit, such as an RC time constant, and of the energizing signal.

公开(公告)号：US06198614B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US09165011

申请日：1998-09-30

申请人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Jeffrey R. Annis ,  Christopher J. Wieloch

发明人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Jeffrey R. Annis ,  Christopher J. Wieloch

IPC分类号： H01H7300

CPC分类号： H01H47/08 ,  H01H47/223

摘要： An electrical contactor includes an electromagnetic operator which may be powered by either AC or DC power. For use with AC power, a rectifier circuit converts AC waveforms to DC waveforms and applies the converted power to DC one or more DC coils. The rectifier circuitry applies DC power directly to a bus. A pair of coils may be used, such as separate pickup and holding coils. The pickup coil may be de-energized after an initial phase of operation. To permit rapid release of the holding coil, a control circuit interrupts an induced current path through the coil upon removal of power from the bus.

摘要翻译： 电接触器包括可由AC或DC电源供电的电磁操作器。 为了与交流电源一起使用，整流电路将交流波形转换为直流波形，并将转换的功率转换为直流一个或多个直流线圈。 整流电路将直流电直接施加到总线上。 可以使用一对线圈，例如单独的拾取和保持线圈。 拾取线圈可以在初始操作阶段之后被断电。 为了允许保持线圈的快速释放，当从总线移除电力时，控制电路中断通过线圈的感应电流路径。

公开(公告)号：US06282076B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-28

申请号：US09410251

申请日：1999-09-30

申请人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

发明人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

IPC分类号： H01H4728

CPC分类号： H01H50/30 ,  H01H47/08 ,  H01H50/44 ,  H01H50/546

摘要： An electromagnetic operator includes first and second coils wound coaxially. An armature partially surrounds the coils for channeling flux during energization of the coils. The armature may be formed of a bent plate and secured to a ferromagnetic support. A control circuit applies energizing signals to the coils during operation. Both coils are energized during an initial phase of operation. One of the coils is subsequently released or de-energized automatically. A timing circuit removes current from the second coil after a variable time period. The time period may be a function of the configuration of the timing circuit, such as an RC time constant, and of the energizing signal.

摘要翻译： 电磁操作器包括同轴缠绕的第一和第二线圈。 电枢部分地围绕线圈，用于在线圈通电期间引导通量。 电枢可以由弯曲板形成并固定到铁磁性支撑件。 控制电路在操作期间向线圈施加通电信号。 两个线圈在初始操作阶段都通电。 其中一个线圈随后自动释放或断电。 定时电路在可变时间段之后从第二线圈去除电流。 该时间段可以是诸如RC时间常数和激励信号的定时电路的配置的函数。

公开(公告)号：US06233131B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-15

申请号：US09164205

申请日：1998-09-30

申请人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

发明人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard W. Waltz ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

IPC分类号： H01H900

CPC分类号： H01H50/30 ,  H01H47/08 ,  H01H50/44 ,  H01H50/546

摘要： An electromagnetic operator includes first and second coils wound coaxially An armature partially surrounds the coils for channeling flux during energization of the coils. The armature may be formed of a bent plate and secured to a ferromagnetic support. A control circuit applies energizing signals to the coils during operation. Both coils are energized during an initial phase of operation. One of the coils is subsequently released or de-energized automatically. A timing circuit removes current from the second coil after a variable time period. The time period may be a function of the configuration of the timing circuit, such as an RC time constant, and of the energizing signal.

摘要翻译： 电磁操作器包括同轴缠绕的第一和第二线圈。电枢部分地围绕线圈，以在线圈通电期间引导通量。 电枢可以由弯曲板形成并固定到铁磁性支撑件。 控制电路在操作期间向线圈施加通电信号。 两个线圈在初始操作阶段都通电。 其中一个线圈随后自动释放或断电。 定时电路在可变时间段之后从第二线圈去除电流。 该时间段可以是诸如RC时间常数和激励信号的定时电路的配置的函数。

公开(公告)号：US06417749B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-09

申请号：US09165013

申请日：1998-09-30

申请人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch

发明人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch

IPC分类号： H01H6702

CPC分类号： H01H50/026 ,  H01H9/362 ,  H01H9/38 ,  H01H9/46 ,  H01H50/546 ,  H01H2050/028

摘要： A unitary housing structure is provided for an electrical switching device such as a three-phase contactor. The housing includes internal partitions for separating an operator section from contact sections, and for isolating phase sections from one another. The partitions are contiguous with one another and with side walls of the housing, inhibiting plasma flow within the housing cavities. The housing is made of a thermoplastic material which is molded as a single piece. The thermoplastic may be partially protected from plasma and arcs by shields within the phase sections, such as splitter plate supports.

摘要翻译： 为诸如三相接触器的电气开关装置提供了一体的外壳结构。 壳体包括用于将操作器部分与接触部分分开的内部隔板，并且用于将相部分彼此隔离。 分隔件彼此邻接并且与壳体的侧壁邻接，从而抑制壳体空腔内的等离子体流动。 外壳由热塑性材料制成，其被模制成单件。 热塑性塑料可以被部分地保护不被等离子体和电弧通过相分段内的屏蔽件，例如分离板支撑件。

公开(公告)号：US06194984B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-27

申请号：US09164207

申请日：1998-09-30

申请人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch

发明人： Mark A. Kappel ,  Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Raymond H. Hannula ,  Christopher J. Wieloch

IPC分类号： H01H6702

CPC分类号： H01H50/546 ,  H01H9/38 ,  H01H2001/001

摘要： A movable contact assembly for contactors and similar devices includes a movable spanner or conductive element biased toward a conducting position by a biasing element. A housing partially surrounds the conductive element and the biasing element. The biasing element and exerts compressive forces against the housing and the conductive element. The assembly may be installed as a modular unit on a carrier which is displaced during operation of the contactor. The housing shields the biasing element from plasma, arcs and debris during operation of the device. Multiple conductive elements and corresponding biasing elements may be includes in each assembly.

摘要翻译： 用于接触器和类似装置的可动触头组件包括通过偏置元件偏压到导电位置的可动扳手或导电元件。 壳体部分地围绕导电元件和偏置元件。 偏置元件并对壳体和导电元件施加压缩力。 组件可以作为模块化单元安装在承载件上，该承载件在接触器的操作期间被移位。 外壳在设备运行期间屏蔽偏压元件等离子体，电弧和碎屑。 多个导电元件和相应的偏置元件可以包括在每个组件中。

公开(公告)号：US06384702B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-07

申请号：US09164418

申请日：1998-09-30

申请人： Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

发明人： Richard G. Smith ,  Donald F. Swietlik ,  Jeffrey R. Annis

IPC分类号： H01H1304

CPC分类号： H01H9/46 ,  H01H1/50 ,  H01H9/34 ,  H01H50/546

摘要： Stationary contact structures for an electrical contactor include a base plate portion, a riser portion and a turnback portion. The riser portion extends substantially perpendicularly from the base plate portion and a stationary contact pad is disposed directly above the riser, reducing the occurrence of mutually opposing flux during closure of movable contacts in the device. A current carrying extension may extend beyond the riser for carrying current during steady state operation. In such case, separate current carrying paths are defined in the stationary contact for transient and steady state operation. The portions of the structure are formed by processes, such as extrusion, which permit the desired geometry to be obtained between the base plate and riser. The turnback portion may descend towards the base plate portion to introduce arcs into an elevated position in a splitter plate stack.

摘要翻译： 用于电接触器的固定接触结构包括基板部分，提升部分和折回部分。 提升部分从基板部分基本上垂直地延伸，并且固定接触垫直接设置在提升管上方，从而减少了在装置中的可动触点闭合期间彼此相对的焊剂的出现。 电流承载延伸部可以在稳态运行期间延伸超过提升管以承载电流。 在这种情况下，在静态触点中定义了单独的载流路径用于瞬态和稳态操作。 结构的部分通过诸如挤出的方法形成，这允许在基板和立管之间获得期望的几何形状。 折回部分可以朝向基板部分下降，以将弧引入分离板堆叠中的升高位置。

公开(公告)号：US08334738B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-18

申请号：US12095067

申请日：2006-11-17

申请人： Richard G. Smith ,  Jason R. Bogusz ,  Michael G. Ennis ,  Gary W. Hardesty ,  Thomas E. Kovanko ,  Richard P. Mikosz ,  Andrew D. Pfister ,  Roy T. Swanson ,  Keith W. Benson, IV

发明人： Richard G. Smith ,  Jason R. Bogusz ,  Michael G. Ennis ,  Gary W. Hardesty ,  Thomas E. Kovanko ,  Richard P. Mikosz ,  Andrew D. Pfister ,  Roy T. Swanson ,  Keith W. Benson, IV

IPC分类号： H01H75/04 ,  H02H5/00

CPC分类号： H01H75/04 ,  G01R31/3274 ,  H01H1/0015 ,  H01H33/66 ,  H01H2009/0061 ,  H01H2071/044

摘要： A fault interrupting and reclosing device includes a circuit interrupter coupled to an actuator. The actuator includes at least one force generating element for generating an opening force for opening the circuit interrupter and for generating a restoring force to close the circuit interrupter. The device further includes a latch to engage the actuator to hold the contacts open once opened. In a preferred arrangement, the device is provided with an automatic mode of operation including a reclose process and a non-reclosing mode of operation. The device also preferably includes a method of determining the end-of-life of a vacuum interrupter monitors characteristics and/or parameters of a fault current or vacuum interrupter operation to predict a percent of life consumed with each fault current interruption operation. A cumulative percent of life consumed may also be determined, and an end-of-life may be predicted based upon the cumulative percent of life consumed.

摘要翻译： 故障中断和重合闸装置包括耦合到致动器的断路器。 致动器包括至少一个力产生元件，用于产生用于打开断路器的开启力并产生用于闭合断路器的恢复力。 该装置还包括一个闩锁，用于接合致动器，以便一旦打开就保持触点断开。 在优选的布置中，该装置具有自动操作模式，包括重合闸过程和非重合闸操作模式。 该装置还优选地包括确定真空断路器的寿命终止的方法监测故障电流或真空断续器操作的特性和/或参数，以预测每个故障电流中断操作消耗的寿命百分比。 也可以确定所消耗的生命的累积百分比，并且可以基于所消耗的生命的累积百分比来预测寿命终止。

公开(公告)号：US6130161A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-10

申请号：US866777

申请日：1997-05-30

申请人： Leon Ashley ,  Hormazdyar M. Dalal ,  Du Binh Nguyen ,  Hazara S. Rathore ,  Richard G. Smith

发明人： Leon Ashley ,  Hormazdyar M. Dalal ,  Du Binh Nguyen ,  Hazara S. Rathore ,  Richard G. Smith

IPC分类号： H01L21/768 ,  H01L23/48

CPC分类号： H01L21/76846 ,  H01L21/76847 ,  H01L21/76849 ,  H01L21/76858 ,  H01L21/76867 ,  H01L21/76873 ,  H01L21/76877

摘要： A method of providing sub-half-micron copper interconnections with improved electromigration and corrosion resistance. The method includes double damascene using electroplated copper, where the seed layer is converted to an intermetallic layer. A layer of copper intermetallics with halfnium, lanthanum, zirconium or tin, is provided to improve the electromigration resistance and to reduce defect sensitivity. A method is also provided to form a cap atop copper lines, to improve corrosion resistance, which fully covers the surface. Structure and methods are also described to improve the electromigration and corrosion resistance by incorporating carbon atoms in copper intersititial positions.

摘要翻译： 提供具有改善的电迁移和耐腐蚀性的亚半微米铜互连的方法。 该方法包括使用电镀铜的双镶嵌，其中晶种层转变为金属间层。 提供了一种具有铌，镧，锆或锡的铜金属间化合物，以提高电迁移率和降低缺陷敏感性。 还提供了一种在铜线顶上形成帽的方法，以提高完全覆盖表面的耐腐蚀性。 还描述了结构和方法，以通过在铜中间位置引入碳原子来改善电迁移和耐腐蚀性。