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    Bragg grating pressure sensor
    3.
    发明授权
    Bragg grating pressure sensor 有权
    布拉格光栅压力传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06422084B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-07-23

    申请号：US09455867

    申请日：1999-12-06

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： G01L900

    CPC分类号： G01L11/025

    摘要： A fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical sensing element 20, 600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and which has an outer transverse dimension of at least 0.3 mm. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected from the grating 12 at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The sensing element 20, 600 may be used by itself as a sensor or located within a housing 48, 60, 90, 270, 300. When external pressure P increases, the grating 12 is compressed and the reflection wavelength &lgr;1 changes. The shape of the sensing element 20, 600 may have other geometries, e.g., a “dogbone” shape, so as to enhance the sensitivity of shift in &lgr;1 due to applied external pressure and may be fused to an outer shell 50. At least a portion of the sensing element may be doped between a pair of gratings 150, 152, to form a compression-tuned laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150, 152 may be constructed as a tunable DFB laser. Also, the axial ends of element 20, 600 where the fiber 10 exits the tube 20 may have an inner tapered region 22 and/or a protruding tapered (or fluted) axial section 27 to provide strain relief or improved pull strength for the fiber 10. A temperature grating 270 may be used to measure temperature and allow for a temperature-corrected pressure measurement. The sensor may be suspended within an outer housing 112, by a fluid, spacers, or other means. The invention may also be used as a force transducer.

    摘要翻译： 光纤光栅压力传感器包括光学感测元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有印刷在其中的布拉格光栅12，该光纤10包围玻璃毛细管20和/或大直径波导的至少一部分 光栅600具有芯和宽包层，并且具有至少0.3mm的外横向尺寸。 光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长lambd1从光栅12反射。 感测元件20,600可以自身用作传感器或位于壳体48,60,90,270,3300内。当外部压力P增加时，光栅12被压缩并且反射波长lambd1改变。 感测元件20,600的形状可以具有其他几何形状，例如“狗骨”形状，以便增强由于施加的外部压力而导致的羔羊皮1偏移的灵敏度，并且可以将其熔合到外壳50上。至少 感测元件的一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅150,152之间以形成压缩调谐的激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可被构造为可调DFB激光器。 此外，纤维10离开管20的元件20,600的轴向端部可以具有内锥形区域22和/或突出的锥形（或槽纹）轴向部分27，以提供应变消除或改进的纤维10的拉伸强度 可以使用温度光栅270来测量温度并允许进行温度校正的压力测量。 传感器可以通过流体，间隔件或其他装置悬挂在外壳体112内。 本发明也可以用作力传感器。

    Bragg grating pressure sensor for industrial sensing applications
    4.
    发明授权
    Bragg grating pressure sensor for industrial sensing applications 有权
    用于工业传感应用的布拉格光栅压力传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06776045B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-08-17

    申请号：US10007735

    申请日：2001-11-08

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： G01L900

    CPC分类号： G01L11/025

    摘要： A fiber grating pressure sensor for use in an industrial process includes an optical sensing element 20,600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and which has an outer transverse dimension of at least 0.3 mm. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected from the grating 12 at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The sensing element 20,600 may be used by itself as a sensor or located within a housing 48,60,90,270,300. When external pressure P increases, the grating 12 is compressed and the reflection wavelength &lgr;1 changes. The shape of the sensing element 20,600 may have other geometries, e.g., a “dogbone” shape, so as to enhance the sensitivity of shift in &lgr;1 due to applied external pressure and may be fused to an outer shell 50. A temperature grating 270 may be used to measure temperature and allow for a temperature-corrected pressure measurement. The sensor may be suspended within an outer housing 112, by a fluid, spacers, or other means. The sensor may also be combined with an instrument, an opto-electronic converter and a controller in an industrial process control system.

    摘要翻译： 用于工业过程的光纤光栅压力传感器包括光学传感元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有印刷在其中的布拉格光栅12，该布置光栅12被封装在玻璃毛细管20的至少一部分内并与其融合，和/或 具有芯和宽包层并且具有至少0.3mm的外横向尺寸的大直径波导光栅600。 光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长λ1从光栅12反射。 感测元件20,600可以自身用作传感器或位于壳体48,60,270,300内。 当外部压力P增加时，光栅12被压缩，反射波长λ1变化。 感测元件20,600的形状可以具有其他几何形状，例如“狗骨”形状，以便增强由于施加的外部压力而导致的λ1偏移的灵敏度，并且可以将其熔合到外壳50.温度光栅270可以 用于测量温度并允许进行温度校正的压力测量。 传感器可以通过流体，间隔件或其他装置悬挂在外壳体112内。 传感器还可以与工业过程控制系统中的仪器，光电转换器和控制器组合。

    Strain-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor
    6.
    发明授权
    Strain-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor 有权
    应变隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06865194B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-08

    申请号：US09455866

    申请日：1999-12-06

    申请人： Christopher J. Wright ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Christopher J. Wright ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： G01K11/32 ,  H01S3/30 ,  G01N21/00

    CPC分类号： G01K11/32

    摘要： A strain-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical sensing element 20,600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having at least one Bragg grating 12 disposed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating 12 disposed therein, which senses temperature changes but is substantially not sensitive to strains on the element caused by the fiber or other effects. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected at a reflection wavelength λ1. The shape of the sensing element 20,600 may be other geometries and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used or more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the element 20,600 may be doped between a pair of gratings 150,152, disposed therein to form a temperature tunable laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150,152 may be constructed as a temperature tunable DFB laser disposed in the element. Also, the element may have an inner or outer tapered regions 22,27, respectively, to provide strain relief and/or added pull strength for the fiber 10. Further, the fiber 10 and the tube 20 may be made of different coefficients of thermal expansion for increased sensitivity.

    摘要翻译： 应变隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器包括光学传感元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有布置在其中的至少一个布拉格光栅12，该布拉格光栅12被封装在玻璃毛细管20的至少一部分内并且熔合到玻璃毛细管20和/ 大直径波导光栅600具有芯和宽包层并且其中布置有光栅12，其感测温度变化，但对由纤维或其它效应引起的元件上的应变基本上不敏感。 光14入射在光栅12上，光16以反射波长λ1反射。 感测元件20,600的形状可以是其他几何形状，和/或可以使用多于一个的同心管，或者可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，或者可以使用多于一个的光纤或光纤。 元件20,600的至少一部分可以被掺杂在放置在其中的一对光栅150,152之间以形成温度可调激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可以被构造为设置在元件中的温度可调谐DFB激光器。 此外，元件可以分别具有内部或外部锥形区域22,27，以为纤维10提供应变消除和/或增加的拉伸强度。此外，纤维10和管子20可以由不同的热系数 扩大灵敏度提高。

    Creep-resistant optical fiber attachment
    7.
    发明授权
    Creep-resistant optical fiber attachment 失效
    抗蠕变光纤附件

    公开(公告)号：US06317555B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

    申请号：US09073701

    申请日：1998-05-06

    申请人： Robert J. Maron ,  Guy A. Daigle ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Thomas W. Engel ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Charles W. Helm

    发明人： Robert J. Maron ,  Guy A. Daigle ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Thomas W. Engel ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Charles W. Helm

    IPC分类号： G02B602

    CPC分类号： G02B6/3861 ,  G01L9/0039 ,  G01L9/0077 ,  G01L11/025 ,  G02B6/02052 ,  G02B6/2552 ,  G02B6/3644 ,  G02B6/3854

    摘要： A creep-resistant optical fiber attachment includes an optical fiber 10, having a cladding 12 and a core 14, having a variation region 16 (expanded or recessed) of an outer dimension on of the cladding and a structure, such as a ferrule 30, disposed against least a portion of the variation region 16. The fiber 10 is held in tension against the ferrule and the ferrule 30 has a size and shape that mechanically locks the ferrule 30 to the variation 16, thereby holding the fiber 10 in tension against the ferrule 30 with minimal relative movement (or creep) in at least one axail direction between the fiber 10 and the ferrule 30. The ferrule 30 may be attached to or part of a larger structure, such as a housing. The variation 16 and the ferrule 30 may have various different shapes and sizes. There may also be a buffer layer 18 between the cladding 12 and the ferrule 30 to protect the fiber 10 and/or to help secure the ferrule 30 to the fiber 10 to minimize creep.

    摘要翻译： 抗蠕变光纤附件包括具有包层12和芯14的光纤10，该包层12具有包层外部尺寸的变化区域16（扩展或凹陷）和诸如套圈30的结构， 设置在可变区域16的至少一部分上。纤维10被保持紧固在套圈上，并且套圈30具有将套圈30机械地锁定到变型16上的尺寸和形状，从而将纤维10保持紧固 套管30在纤维10和套管30之间的至少一个轴向方向上具有最小的相对运动（或蠕变）。套圈30可以附接到诸如壳体的较大结构的一部分。 变型16和套圈30可以具有各种不同的形状和尺寸。 在包层12和套管30之间还可以存在缓冲层18，以保护纤维10和/或有助于将套圈30固定到纤维10上以使蠕变最小化。

    Optical sensor device having creep-resistant optical fiber attachments
    9.
    发明授权
    Optical sensor device having creep-resistant optical fiber attachments 有权
    具有抗蠕变光纤附件的光学传感器装置

    公开(公告)号：US06768825B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-07-27

    申请号：US09873978

    申请日：2001-06-01

    申请人： Robert J. Maron ,  Guy A. Daigle ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Thomas W. Engel ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Mark R. Fernald

    发明人： Robert J. Maron ,  Guy A. Daigle ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Thomas W. Engel ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Mark R. Fernald

    IPC分类号： G02B600

    CPC分类号： G02B6/2552 ,  G01L1/246 ,  G01L9/0039 ,  G01L9/0077 ,  G01L11/025 ,  G02B6/02052 ,  G02B6/3644 ,  G02B6/3854 ,  G02B6/3861

    摘要： A method and device for pressure sensing using an optical fiber having a core, a cladding and a Bragg grating imparted in the core for at least partially reflecting an optical signal at a characteristic wavelength. The cladding has two variation regions located on opposite sides of the Bragg grating to allow attachment mechanisms to be disposed against the optical fiber. The attachment mechanisms are mounted to a pressure sensitive structure so as to allow the characteristic wavelength to change according to pressure in an environment. In particular, the variation region has a diameter different from the cladding diameter, and the attachment mechanism comprises a ferrule including a front portion having a profile substantially corresponding to at least a portion of the diameter of the variation region and a butting mechanism which holds the ferrule against the optical fiber.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于使用光纤的压力感测的方法和装置，所述光纤具有在芯中赋予的芯，包层和布拉格光栅，用于至少部分地反射特征波长的光信号。 包层具有位于布拉格光栅的相对侧上的两个变化区域，以允许将附着机构设置在光纤上。 附接机构安装在压敏结构上，以使特征波长根据环境中的压力而变化。 特别地，变化区域具有与包层直径不同的直径，并且附接机构包括套圈，该套圈包括具有基本上对应于变化区域的直径的至少一部分的轮廓的前部，以及保持 针对光纤的套圈。