摘要:
The present invention is directed to a regio- and stereoselective bioconversion of selected aliphatic dinitriles into corresponding cyanocarboxylic acids. More particularly, the present invention provides methods for the conversion of 2-isobutyl-succinonitrile into (S)-3 cyano-5-methylhexanoic acid, which is a useful intermediate in the synthesis of (S)-3(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid (pregabalin). Pregabalin can be used for treating certain cerebral diseases, for example, in the treatment and prevention of seizure disorders, pain, and psychotic disorders.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to novel biocatalytic processes for the conversion of aliphatic ∝, ω-dinitriles into the corresponding ω-nitrilecarboxylic acid. More particularly, the present invention provides a method for the conversion of 1-cyanocyclohexaneacetonitrile to 1-cyanocyclohexaneacetic acid using an enzyme catalyst with nitrilase activity. 1-cyanocyclohexaneacetic acid is a useful intermediate in the synthesis of gabapentin.
摘要:
Tools for trading and monitoring a commodity on an electronic exchange using a graphical user interface and a user input device. The tools will aid the trader in determining the status, trends in the market, and the trader's position in the market.
摘要:
A method for visualizing one or more objects of interest within a volume of imaging data includes the steps of receiving a volume of imaging data and displaying the one or more objects of interest within the volume by adaptively changing the amount of information displayed from the volume based on (1) a viewing direction of the volume, (2) a position of the one or more objects of interest within the volume, and (3) importance values of materials within the volume.
摘要:
An aircraft engine starter assembly provides for liquid cooling of the clutch assembly and overrunning engine by integrating a pitot pump in the system. The system includes a starter motor, a torque transfer connection, a clutch assembly and the pitot pump. The torque transfer connection is adapted to be coupled to the aircraft engine. The clutch assembly is coupled to one of the starter motor or the torque transfer connection. The pitot pump is coupled to one or both of the torque transfer or the clutch assembly via a first oil line and a second oil line. The pitot pump comprises a pitot tube in fluidic communication with an oil reservoir for the delivery of oil under pressure to lubricate one or both of the torque transfer or the clutch assembly.
摘要:
A system and associated methods are provided for intelligent placement and movement of orders in an electronic trading environment. According to one example method, in addition to submitting a leg order at a calculated price level, additional orders, queue holder orders, are submitted for the leg order at prices either below or above the calculated price level. Based on this configuration, if the conditions change such that it is necessary to re-price the leg order, there will be already an order resting in the exchange order book at the re-calculated price that can be used in the strategy. Upon re-pricing the leg order, one or more additional queue holder orders will be placed in the market. Other tools are provided as well.
摘要:
A system and method are provided to intelligently limit the frequency at which automated or semi-automated trading tools move or re-price orders in an exchange order book. A tolerance may be input that limits when one or more orders in the exchange order book are moved from one price to another. The system and method assist in reducing the number of orders that are entered into the system which can lead to reduced exchange transaction fees, lost queue position, and reduce network bandwidth consumption.
摘要:
In a cosmetic applicator, a first resilient member having a first density is provided and includes a tip end, an exterior surface and a lower end. A second resilient member having a second density for retaining and depositing a cosmetic material is coupled to the first resilient member. The cosmetic applicator also prevents contamination of the user's hands by cosmetic material by providing an interior area defined by the first resilient member for receiving at least two fingers of the user. Alternatively, the first and second resilient members can be mounted on or in a sleeve that can be manipulated either by the user grasping the sleeve's exterior surface, or sliding at least two fingers into an interior area defined by the sleeve. A cap containing a cutter for trimming a tip portion of both the first and second resilient members can also be provided, thereby allowing the user to obtain a fresh clean application surface when desired.
摘要:
Three-dimensional RF coils suitable for use in NMR spectroscopy or imaging are described, as well as methods for making such coils. The coil is made from a thin-walled, non-magnetic, electrically insulating tube. The tube is then masked and a first conducting layer is applied, e.g., by evaporation. An additional insulating layer is provided on top of the first conducting layer, and then a second conducting layer is applied. An optional additional insulating layer may then be applied over the second conducting layer. The first and second conducting layer, in combination, are electrically connected to form a self-resonant structure at the selected frequency of the NMR apparatus. The coil may be fine-tuned conventionally by means of a series or parallel capacitor, or by changing the position of a conductive ring around the outside of the coil. Alternately, two tubes may be used, with only one conducting layer deposited on each. If two tubes are used, they are dimensioned to allow one tube to fit within the other. The two tubes may be twisted or telescoped to permit varying degrees of alignment of the conductive patterns deposited on the two tubes, which will serve to fine-tune the NMR tube's resonant frequency.
摘要:
A software diversity system including an executable provider to provide an executable program including component blocks such that different combinations of blocks are operative to perform a functionally encryption keys functionally equivalent data transformation, a cipher to encrypt the component blocks with cryptographic keys, a key selector to select a first selection of keys for a first device, such that the first selection is operative to decrypt a first combination of the blocks operative when executed to perform the same functionally equivalent data transformation, and select a second selection of keys for a second device, such that the second selection is operative to decrypt a second combination of the blocks operative when executed to perform the same functionally equivalent data transformation, and a transfer module to prepare for transfer the first and second selection of cryptographic keys for transfer to the first and second device, respectively. Related apparatus and methods are also included.