公开(公告)号：US06301421B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-09

申请号：US09318554

申请日：1999-05-27

申请人： Michael G. Wickham ,  Gerald W. Holleman ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

发明人： Michael G. Wickham ,  Gerald W. Holleman ,  Stephen J. Brosnan

IPC分类号： H01S3067

CPC分类号： G02B6/02338 ,  G02B6/02333 ,  G02B6/02347 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/0672 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/1603

摘要： A photonic crystal fiber (10, 110) is provided for a laser/amplifier system including a guiding structure comprising a geometric array of axial passages (20, 120) formed along the length of the fiber (10, 110). More particularly, the guiding structure includes a central silica rod (14, 114) which is doped with a rare earth element for providing optical gain to the laser/amplifier. A plurality of second silica rods (16, 116) are disposed circumferentially about the central rod (14, 114). Each of the second rods (16, 116) includes an axial passage (20, 120) formed therethrough along the length of the fiber (10, 110). A reflective coating (22, 122) is deposited on an outboard surface of the array of rods (12, 112) to confine pumped light (30, 130) therein. The pumped light (30, 130) may be injected into the fiber (10, 110) from the side by focusing it through small holes (24) in the reflective coating (22) or by reflecting it off transverse Bragg gratings (56) written into a fiber pigtail (50) coupled to the fiber (110). The mode field diameter of the fiber (10, 110) is controlled by properly selecting the diameter and spacing of the passages (20, 120) in the second rods (16, 116).

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于激光/放大器系统的光子晶体光纤（10,110），其包括导引结构，所述引导结构包括沿着光纤（10,110）的长度形成的轴向通道（20,120）的几何阵列。 更具体地，引导结构包括掺杂有用于向激光器/放大器提供光学增益的稀土元素的中心石英棒（14,114）。 多个第二硅石棒（16,116）围绕中心杆（14,114）周向设置。 每个第二杆（16,116）包括沿纤维（10,110）的长度穿过其形成的轴向通道（20,120）。 反射涂层（22,122）沉积在棒阵列（12,112）的外侧表面上，以将泵浦光（30,130）限制在其中。 泵浦光（30,130）可以从侧面通过将其聚焦在反射涂层（22）中的小孔（24）中或通过将其写入横向布拉格光栅（56）而从侧面注入到光纤（10,110）中 耦合到光纤（110）的光纤引线（50）。 通过适当地选择第二杆（16,116）中的通道（20,120）的直径和间距来控制纤维（10,110）的模场直径。

公开(公告)号：US06243515B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-05

申请号：US09336656

申请日：1999-06-18

申请人： Donald G. Heflinger ,  Michael G. Wickham ,  Gerald W. Holleman

发明人： Donald G. Heflinger ,  Michael G. Wickham ,  Gerald W. Holleman

IPC分类号： G02B634

CPC分类号： G02B6/4214 ,  G02B6/02061 ,  G02B6/02066 ,  G02B6/02071 ,  G02B6/2852 ,  G02B6/34 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/094019

摘要： An apparatus for optically pumping an optical fiber from the side comprising a laser for supplying a beam of pump light, and an optical fiber having a longitudinal surface disposed to the beam, a grating formed in the flat surface for diffracting the beam at a predetermined angle, and an outer clad layer proximate the grating and so as to establish at least one propagating mode characterized by an angle, the predetermined angle being matched to such angle.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从包括用于提供泵浦光束的激光器的侧面光学泵浦光纤的装置，以及具有设置在所述光束的纵向表面的光纤，形成在所述平坦表面中的用于以预定角度衍射所述光束的光栅 以及靠近光栅的外包层，并且建立至少一个以角度为特征的传播模式，该预定角度与该角度匹配。

公开(公告)号：US5721749A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-24

申请号：US593961

申请日：1996-01-30

申请人： Gerald W. Holleman ,  Hagop Injeyan

发明人： Gerald W. Holleman ,  Hagop Injeyan

IPC分类号： H01S3/117 ,  B23K26/06 ,  H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/106 ,  H01S3/16 ,  H01S3/23 ,  H01S3/10

CPC分类号： H01S3/117 ,  B23K26/0622 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S2301/08 ,  H01S3/07 ,  H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/08095 ,  H01S3/094076 ,  H01S3/1022

摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling the form and timing of pulses emitted by a high-power solid-state laser, without the need for complex feedback circuits. The width and peak intensity of relaxation pulses emitted by the laser are controlled by use of an acousto-optic modulator (14) installed in the laser cavity, to lock the relaxation pulses to the frequency of radio-frequency (rf) control signals applied to the modulator. The number and average rate at which the pulses are emitted from the laser are independently controlled by varying the duty cycle of diodes (20) used to pump solid-state amplifiers (18) installed in the laser cavity. Short pump pulses can be selected to deliver only a few relaxation pulses from the laser, or longer pump pulses can be selected to deliver large numbers of relaxation pulses during each pump pulse. Feedback control of the modulator (14) is not needed because the pumping rate is uniform for the duration of each pump pulse and, therefore, the peak intensities of relaxation pulses emitted by the laser are relatively uniform. Accordingly, the solid-state laser can be conveniently controlled to produce a desired average power output while maintaining good beam quality.

摘要翻译： 一种用于控制由大功率固体激光器发射的脉冲的形式和定时的方法和装置，而不需要复杂的反馈电路。 通过使用安装在激光腔中的声光调制器（14）来控制由激光发射的弛豫脉冲的宽度和峰值强度，以将弛豫脉冲锁定到施加到 调制器。 通过改变用于泵浦安装在激光腔中的固态放大器（18）的二极管（20）的占空比来独立地控制从激光器发射脉冲的数量和平均速率。 可以选择短泵浦脉冲以仅从激光器传递几个弛豫脉冲，或者可以选择更长的泵浦脉冲以在每个泵浦脉冲期间递送大量的弛豫脉冲。 不需要调制器（14）的反馈控制，因为在每个泵浦脉冲的持续时间内泵送速率是均匀的，因此激光器发出的松弛脉冲的峰值强度相对均匀。 因此，可以方便地控制固态激光器以产生期望的平均功率输出，同时保持良好的光束质量。

公开(公告)号：US5748654A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-05

申请号：US664659

申请日：1996-06-17

申请人： Leonard J. Marabella ,  Jacqueline G. Berg ,  Gerald W. Holleman ,  Hagop Injeyan ,  James M. Zamel

发明人： Leonard J. Marabella ,  Jacqueline G. Berg ,  Gerald W. Holleman ,  Hagop Injeyan ,  James M. Zamel

IPC分类号： H01S3/0941 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S3/098

CPC分类号： H01S3/0941 ,  H01S5/4025

摘要： A technique for operating a diode pumped solid state laser in a continuous-wave (cw) mode using diodes blocks (12) that are individually operated in a pulsed mode. For some high power laser applications, it is desirable to provide for operation in pulsed and cw modes, but pump diodes are typically designed for efficient operation in only one of these modes. The invention includes a controller (20) that pulses the individual diode blocks (12) on and off, but not necessarily in unison. For a pulsed mode of operation, the diodes (12) in an array are pulsed either at the same time, or sub-arrays are pulsed in a temporally interleaved manner for a higher effective pulse repetition rate. For the cw mode of operation, the diodes (12) are pulsed sequentially in sub-arrays (A-E), such that at least one sub-array is always energized and the complete array appears to be providing continuous pumping energy. In one embodiment, the sub-arrays (A-E) are columns of the array. In another embodiment, the sub-arrays (12') are each associated with a different solid-state gain medium (10'), the gain media being optically coupled in a single laser.

摘要翻译： 使用以脉冲模式单独操作的二极管块（12）以连续波（cw）模式操作二极管泵浦固态激光器的技术。 对于一些大功率激光器应用，期望提供在脉冲和cw模式中的操作，但是泵二极管通常被设计用于仅在这些模式之一中的有效操作。 本发明包括控制器（20），该控制器（20）打开和关闭各个二极管块（12），但不一定是一致的。 对于脉冲操作模式，阵列中的二极管（12）同时被脉冲，或者子阵列以时间交替的方式脉冲以获得更高的有效脉冲重复率。 对于cw操作模式，二极管（12）在子阵列（A-E）中顺序地脉冲，使得至少一个子阵列总是被激励，并且整个阵列似乎提供连续的泵浦能量。 在一个实施例中，子阵列（A-E）是阵列的列。 在另一个实施例中，子阵列（12'）各自与不同的固态增益介质（10'）相关联，增益介质在单个激光器中光耦合。

公开(公告)号：US5325380A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-28

申请号：US916771

申请日：1992-07-17

申请人： Charles W. Clendening ,  Hagop Injeyan ,  Jacqueline G. Berg ,  Gerald W. Holleman

发明人： Charles W. Clendening ,  Hagop Injeyan ,  Jacqueline G. Berg ,  Gerald W. Holleman

IPC分类号： G02F1/37 ,  H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/10 ,  H01S3/23

CPC分类号： H01S3/23 ,  G02F1/37 ,  H01S3/0809 ,  H01S3/10076 ,  H01S3/10092 ,  H01S3/2316 ,  H01S3/2383

摘要： A dual-wavelength laser emitter is provided for emitting a dual-wavelength laser beam. The laser emitter includes a first laser beam source for generating a first laser beam having a first frequency and a second laser beam source for generating a second laser beam having a second frequency. A beam splitter is included for combining portions of the first and second laser beams to form a dual-wavelength laser beam. The dual-wavelength laser beam is then amplified via an amplifier. A stimulated Brillouin scattering cell may be included to phase conjugate the dual-wavelength laser beam to improve the quality of the output beam. A frequency-doubling crystal may further be included for doubling the frequency of the dual-wavelength laser beam. The dual-wavelength laser emitter then emits a laser output beam as a function of the frequencies and amplitudes of the first and second laser beams.

摘要翻译： 提供双波长激光发射器用于发射双波长激光束。 激光发射器包括用于产生具有第一频率的第一激光束的第一激光束源和用于产生具有第二频率的第二激光束的第二激光束源。 包括分束器，用于组合第一和第二激光束的部分以形成双波长激光束。 然后通过放大器放大双波长激光束。 可以包括受激布里渊散射单元以将双波长激光束相位共轭以提高输出光束的质量。 还可以包括倍频晶体以使双波长激光束的频率加倍。 然后，双波长激光发射器随着第一和第二激光束的频率和振幅的函数发射激光输出光束。