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公开(公告)号：US09411068B2
公开(公告)日：2016-08-09
申请号：US13061759
申请日：2009-11-23
申请人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li , Stephen A. Zannoni
发明人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li , Stephen A. Zannoni
摘要： Logging tools and methods for obtaining a three-dimensional (3D) image of the region around a borehole. In at least some embodiments, a 3D imaging tool rotates, transmitting pulses that are approximately a nanosecond long and measuring the time it takes to receive reflections of these pulses. Multiple receivers are employed to provide accurate triangulation of the reflectors. In some cases, multiple transmitters are employed to obtain compensated measurements, i.e., measurements that compensate for variations in the receiver electronics. Because reflections occur at boundaries between materials having different dielectric constants, the 3D imaging tool can map out such boundaries in the neighborhood of the borehole. Such boundaries can include: the borehole wall itself, boundaries between different formation materials, faults or other discontinuities in a formation, and boundaries between fluids in a formation. Depending on various factors, the size of the borehole neighborhood mapped out can be as large as 1 meter.
摘要翻译： 用于获得钻孔周围区域的三维（3D）图像的测井工具和方法。 在至少一些实施例中，3D成像工具旋转，传输大约为纳秒长的脉冲，并测量接收这些脉冲反射所花费的时间。 采用多个接收器来提供反射器的准确三角测量。 在一些情况下，采用多个发射机来获得补偿测量值，即补偿接收机电子设备变化的测量结果。 因为反射发生在具有不同介电常数的材料之间的边界处，所以3D成像工具可以在钻孔附近映射这样的边界。 这种边界可以包括：井壁本身，不同地层材料之间的边界，地层中的断层或其他不连续性，以及地层中流体之间的边界。 根据各种因素，绘制出的井眼附近的大小可以大到1米。
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公开(公告)号：US20110251794A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-13
申请号：US13061759
申请日：2009-11-23
申请人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li , Stephen A. Zannoni
发明人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li , Stephen A. Zannoni
摘要： Logging tools and methods for obtaining a three-dimensional (3D) image of the region around a borehole. In at least some embodiments, a 3D imaging tool rotates, transmitting pulses that are approximately a nanosecond long and measuring the time it takes to receive reflections of these pulses. Multiple receivers are employed to provide accurate triangulation of the reflectors. In some cases, multiple transmitters are employed to obtain compensated measurements, i.e., measurements that compensate for variations in the receiver electronics. Because reflections occur at boundaries between materials having different dielectric constants, the 3D imaging tool can map out such boundaries in the neighborhood of the borehole. Such boundaries can include: the borehole wall itself, boundaries between different formation materials, faults or other discontinuities in a formation, and boundaries between fluids in a formation. Depending on various factors, the size of the borehole neighborhood mapped out can be as large as 1 meter.
摘要翻译： 用于获得钻孔周围区域的三维（3D）图像的测井工具和方法。 在至少一些实施例中，3D成像工具旋转，传输大约为纳秒长的脉冲，并测量接收这些脉冲反射所花费的时间。 采用多个接收器来提供反射器的准确三角测量。 在一些情况下，采用多个发射机来获得补偿测量值，即补偿接收机电子设备变化的测量结果。 因为反射发生在具有不同介电常数的材料之间的边界处，所以3D成像工具可以在钻孔附近映射这样的边界。 这种边界可以包括：井壁本身，不同地层材料之间的边界，地层中的断层或其他不连续性，以及地层中流体之间的边界。 根据各种因素，绘制出的井眼附近的大小可以大到1米。
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公开(公告)号：US10175378B2
公开(公告)日：2019-01-08
申请号：US14403455
申请日：2012-07-13
申请人： Shanjun Li , Luis Emilio San Martin , Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li
发明人： Shanjun Li , Luis Emilio San Martin , Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li
摘要： Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to make resistivity measurements in a borehole using tool having an array of electrodes operable to provide focused currents, measure corresponding voltages, and measure corresponding voltage differences to determine resistivity. Tools can be configured to operate at a plurality of modes when voltage differences at some frequencies are effectively unreadable. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：US09810805B2
公开(公告)日：2017-11-07
申请号：US13818380
申请日：2011-08-03
申请人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li
发明人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li
IPC分类号： G01V3/28 , G01V3/26 , E21B47/022 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G01V3/26 , E21B47/02216 , G06F17/00
摘要： Various embodiments include apparatus and methods to detect and locate conductive bodies and/or provide steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) steering operation. Tools can be configured with receiving sensors (310) arranged to cancel substantially a primary signal associated with a probe signal without rotating the receiving sensors to cancel the primary signal and to capture a secondary signal generated from a conductive body (301) below the earth's surface. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
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5.发明授权Multi-array laterolog tools and methods with differential voltage measurements 有权具有差分电压测量的多阵列后验工具和方法公开(公告)号：US09547100B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-17
申请号：US13884034
申请日：2011-11-02
申请人： Shanjun Li , Luis E San Martin , Michael S Bittar , Jing Li
发明人： Shanjun Li , Luis E San Martin , Michael S Bittar , Jing Li
CPC分类号： G01V3/20 , E21B47/102 , E21B49/00 , G01V3/24 , G01V3/28 , G01V2200/16
摘要： Multi-array laterolog tool systems and methods acquire a set of array measurements sufficient to provide laterolog tool measurements of differing array sizes. Such systems and method offer multiple depths of investigation while offering greater measurement stability in borehole environments having high resistivity contrasts. In at least some system embodiments, a wireline or LWD tool body has a center electrode positioned between multiple pairs of guard electrodes and a pair of return electrodes. The tool's electronics provide a current from the center electrode to the pair of return electrodes and currents from each pair of guard electrodes to the pair of return electrodes. Each of the currents may be distinguishable by frequency or distinguishable by some other means. This novel arrangement of currents provides a complete set of measurements that enables one tool to simultaneously emulate a whole range of laterolog tools.
摘要翻译： 多阵列后验工具系统和方法获取足够的阵列测量集，以提供不同阵列大小的后者工具测量。 这种系统和方法提供多个调查深度，同时在具有高电阻率对比度的钻孔环境中提供更大的测量稳定性。 在至少一些系统实施例中，有线或LWD工具主体具有位于多对保护电极和一对返回电极之间的中心电极。 工具的电子器件提供从中心电极到一对返回电极的电流以及从每对保护电极到一对返回电极的电流。 每个电流可以通过频率区分或通过某种其他方式可区分。 这种新颖的电流布置提供了一整套测量，使一个工具能够同时模拟一整套后期工具。
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公开(公告)号：US09322796B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-26
申请号：US13695368
申请日：2010-06-01
申请人： Jing Li , Michael S. Bittar
发明人： Jing Li , Michael S. Bittar
摘要： Various embodiments include apparatus and methods of determining resistivity of fluids downhole in a well. The apparatus and methods may include using a sensor that employs a focused electric dipole as a transmitter and a uses a receiver to detect the electric current strength in the fluid under measurement responsive to the transmitter. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
摘要翻译： 各种实施例包括确定井中井下的流体的电阻率的装置和方法。 该装置和方法可以包括使用采用聚焦电偶极子作为发射器的传感器，并且使用接收器来响应于发射器来检测被测流体中的电流强度。 公开了附加装置，系统和方法。
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公开(公告)号：US08844648B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-30
申请号：US13116069
申请日：2011-05-26
申请人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li , Shanjun Li , Michael D. Finke
发明人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li , Shanjun Li , Michael D. Finke
IPC分类号： E21B47/02 , E21B47/022
CPC分类号： E21B47/022
摘要： Nearby conductors such as pipes, well casing, etc., are detectable from within a borehole filled with an oil-based fluid. At least some method embodiments provide a current flow between axially-spaced conductive bridges on a drillstring. The current flow disperses into the surrounding formation and causes a secondary current flow in the nearby conductor. The magnetic field from the secondary current flow can be detected using one or more azimuthally-sensitive antennas. Direction and distance estimates are obtainable from the azimuthally-sensitive measurements, and can be used as the basis for steering the drillstring relative to the distant conductor. Possible techniques for providing current flow in the drillstring include imposing a voltage across an insulated gap or using a toroid around the drillstring to induce the current flow.
摘要翻译： 诸如管道，井套管等的附近的导体可以从填充有油基流体的钻孔内检测。 至少一些方法实施例提供了在钻柱上的轴向隔开的导电桥之间的电流。 电流流向周围的地层，并在附近的导体中产生二次电流。 可以使用一个或多个方位角敏感天线来检测来自次级电流的磁场。 方向和距离估计可以从方位角敏感测量中获得，并且可以用作相对于远距离导体转向钻柱的基础。 在钻柱中提供电流的可能技术包括在绝缘间隙上施加电压，或者在钻柱周围使用环形线来引起电流。
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8.发明申请MULTI-ARRAY LATEROLOG TOOLS AND METHODS WITH DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS 有权具有差分电压测量的多阵列流变仪工具及方法公开(公告)号：US20130234718A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-12
申请号：US13884034
申请日：2011-11-02
申请人： Shanjun Li , Luis E. San Martin , Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li
发明人： Shanjun Li , Luis E. San Martin , Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li
IPC分类号： G01V3/20
CPC分类号： G01V3/20 , E21B47/102 , E21B49/00 , G01V3/24 , G01V3/28 , G01V2200/16
摘要： Multi-array laterolog tool systems and methods acquire a set of array measurements sufficient to provide laterolog tool measurements of differing array sizes. Such systems and method offer multiple depths of investigation while offering greater measurement stability in borehole environments having high resistivity contrasts. In at least some system embodiments, a wireline or LWD tool body has a center electrode positioned between multiple pairs of guard electrodes and a pair of return electrodes. The tool's electronics provide a current from the center electrode to the pair of return electrodes and currents from each pair of guard electrodes to the pair of return electrodes. Each of the currents may be distinguishable by frequency or distinguishable by some other means. This novel arrangement of currents provides a complete set of measurements that enables one tool to simultaneously emulate a whole range of laterolog tools.
摘要翻译： 多阵列后验工具系统和方法获取足够的阵列测量集，以提供不同阵列大小的后者工具测量。 这种系统和方法提供多个调查深度，同时在具有高电阻率对比度的钻孔环境中提供更大的测量稳定性。 在至少一些系统实施例中，有线或LWD工具主体具有位于多对保护电极和一对返回电极之间的中心电极。 工具的电子器件提供从中心电极到一对返回电极的电流以及从每对保护电极到一对返回电极的电流。 每个电流可以通过频率区分或通过某种其他方式可区分。 这种新颖的电流布置提供了一整套测量，使一个工具能够同时模拟一整套后期工具。
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公开(公告)号：US20110309836A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-22
申请号：US13106032
申请日：2011-05-12
申请人： Michael S. BITTAR , Jing Li
发明人： Michael S. BITTAR , Jing Li
IPC分类号： G01V3/26
摘要： Downhole tools and techniques acquire information regarding nearby conductors such as pipes, well casing, and conductive formations. At least some method embodiments provide a current flow along a drill string in a borehole. The current flow disperses into the surrounding formation and causes a secondary current flow in the nearby conductor. The magnetic field from the secondary current flow can be detected using one or more azimuthally-sensitive antennas. Direction and distance estimates may be obtainable from the azimuthally-sensitive measurements, and can be used as the basis for steering the drillstring relative to the distant conductor. Possible techniques for providing current flow in the drillstring include imposing a voltage across an insulated gap or using a toroid around the drillstring to induce the current flow.
摘要翻译： 井下工具和技术获取有关附近导体（例如管道，井套管和导电地层）的信息。 至少一些方法实施例提供沿钻孔中的钻柱的电流。 电流流向周围的地层，并在附近的导体中产生二次电流。 可以使用一个或多个方位角敏感天线来检测来自次级电流的磁场。 方向和距离估计可以从方位角敏感测量中获得，并且可以用作相对于远距离导体转向钻柱的基础。 在钻柱中提供电流的可能技术包括在绝缘间隙上施加电压，或者在钻柱周围使用环形线来引起电流。
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公开(公告)号：US08957683B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-17
申请号：US13128676
申请日：2009-08-11
申请人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li
发明人： Michael S. Bittar , Jing Li
摘要： Disclosed dielectric logging tools and methods employ three or more receive horn antennas positioned between at least two transmit antennas, which can also be horn antennas. The logging tools can operate in the range between 100 MHz and 10 GHz to provide logs of formation permittivity, formation conductivity, standoff distance, and electrical properties of material in the standoff gap. Logs of water-saturated porosity and/or oil movability can be readily derived. The presence of additional receive antennas offers a significantly extended operating range, additional depths of investigation, increased measurement accuracy, and further offers compensation for tool standoff and mudcake effects. In both wireline and logging while drilling embodiments, at least some disclosed dielectric logging tools employ a set of three axially-spaced receive antennas positioned between pairs of axially-spaced transmit antennas. At least some disclosed methods employ absolute amplitude and phase measurements in response to alternate firings of the transmit antennas.
摘要翻译： 公开的介电测井工具和方法采用位于至少两个发射天线之间的三个或更多个接收喇叭天线，其也可以是喇叭天线。 测井工具可以在100MHz和10GHz之间的范围内工作，以提供隔离间隙中的地层介电常数，地层导电率，间隔距离和材料的电性能。 可以容易地得出水饱和孔隙率和/或油移动性的对数。 附加接收天线的存在提供了显着延长的操作范围，附加的调查深度，增加的测量精度，并进一步提供刀具间隔和泥饼效应的补偿。 在钻井实施例的同时进行电缆和测井同时，至少一些公开的介质测井工具采用位于轴向间隔的发射天线对之间的一组三个轴向间隔的接收天线。 至少一些公开的方法响应于发射天线的替代发射采用绝对幅度和相位测量。
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