Abstract:
A computer-assisted surgery system comprises a calibrating instrument adapted to be applied to a pelvis in a known manner, and a surgical instrument. A computer-assisted processor unit operating a surgical assistance procedure and comprises at least one portable inertial sensor unit configured to be connected to the at least one calibrating instrument and the at least one surgical instrument, the portable inertial sensor unit outputting readings representative of its orientation. A geometrical relation data module provides a geometrical relation data between the orientation of the portable inertial sensor unit, of the calibrating instrument and of the surgical instrument. A coordinate system module sets a coordinate system of the pelvis in which an anterior-posterior axis of the pelvis is generally in a direction of gravity, and in which a medio-lateral axis of the pelvis is obtained from readings of the at least one portable inertial sensor unit on the calibrating instrument using the geometrical relation data therebetween. A tracking module tracks movements of the at least one surgical instrument relative to the coordinate system using readings from the inertial sensor unit on the surgical instrument using the geometrical relation data therebetween, and calculates navigation data for the movements, the navigation data relating the orientation of the surgical instrument to the orientation of the pelvis. An interface outputs the navigation data.
Abstract:
A computer-assisted surgery (CAS) navigation assembly comprises a micro-electromechanical sensor (MEMS) navigation unit having one or more MEMS to provide at least orientation data. A support receives the MEMS navigation unit therein, the support being adapted to be mounted on the instrument in a fixed orientation relative to established navigated features of the instrument. At least two mating ball-in-socket features are disposed between the MEMS navigation unit and the support at opposed ends thereof for releasably engaging the MEMS navigation unit in precise orientational alignment within the receptacle, the at least two mating ball-in-socket features comprising catches aligned along an axis extending between the opposed ends, at least one of the catches being a biased catch. A method of connecting a MEMS navigation unit with a mating support fixed to a CAS instrument navigated by the CAS system is also provided.
Abstract:
A method for determining a mechanical axis of a tibia using a tibial digitizer is disclosed. The method includes: determining an upper reference point on a tibial plateau corresponding to an entry point of the mechanical axis; fastening an upper mounting end of the tibial digitizer to the tibial plateau at the upper reference point; and fastening a lower mounting end of the tibial digitizer to medial and lateral malleoli of the ankle, by inwardly displacing opposed caliper arms of a self-centering malleoli engaging mechanism toward each other in a common plane until the caliper arms abut the malleoli. A lower reference point located at a midpoint between the medial and lateral malleoli is then determined by identifying a corresponding midpoint between the caliper arms when they are clamped onto the medial and lateral malleoli.
Abstract:
A computer-assisted surgery (CAS) navigation assembly comprises a micro-electromechanical sensor (MEMS) navigation unit having one or more MEMS to provide at least orientation data. A support receives the MEMS navigation unit therein, the support being adapted to be mounted on the instrument in a fixed orientation relative to established navigated features of the instrument. At least two mating ball-in-socket features are disposed between the MEMS navigation unit and the support at opposed ends thereof for releasably engaging the MEMS navigation unit in precise orientational alignment within the receptacle, the at least two mating ball-in-socket features comprising catches aligned along an axis extending between the opposed ends, at least one of the catches being a biased catch. A method of connecting a MEMS navigation unit with a mating support fixed to a CAS instrument navigated by the CAS system is also provided.
Abstract:
A computer-assisted surgery system for guiding alterations to a bone, comprises a trackable member secured to the bone. The trackable member has a first inertial sensor unit producing orientation-based data. A positioning block is secured to the bone, and is adjustable once the positioning block is secured to the bone to be used to guide tools in altering the bone. The positioning block has a second inertial sensor unit producing orientation-based data. A processing system providing an orientation reference associating the bone to the trackable member comprises a signal interpreter for determining an orientation of the trackable member and of the positioning block. A parameter calculator calculates alteration parameters related to an actual orientation of the positioning block with respect to the bone.
Abstract:
A computer-assisted surgery system has inertial sensor unit connected to an instrument and producing readings representative of its orientation. A computer-assisted surgery processor unit has a coordinate system module for setting a pelvic coordinate system from readings of the inertial sensor unit when the instrument is in a given orientation relative to the pelvis, a tracking module for tracking an orientation of the instrument relative to the pelvic coordinate system during movements thereof and a geometrical relation data module for recording preoperatively a landmark orientation relative to the pelvic coordinate system and a distance when the at least one instrument has a first end abutted to a pelvic landmark and a second end abutted to a leg landmark, for recording after implant rejointing the medio-lateral orientation and the distance, and for calculating a leg length discrepancy and/or an offset, based on the distances and the medio-lateral orientations.
Abstract:
A tibia cutting assembly includes a tibia cut guide with at least one cut slot. A guide rod has a guide holder mountable to the cut guide at a first end of the guide rod, and a second end of the guide rod is mountable non-invasively about a skin of a patient. The guide rod is extendable in length to displace the tibia cut guide and adjust a position thereof with respect to a tibia of the patient. The guide holder cooperates with the tibia cut guide to adjust an orientation of the tibia cut guide. A first inertial sensor is mountable to the guide holder and is displaceable therewith, and a second inertial sensor is mountable to the guide rod at the second end thereof.
Abstract:
A computer-assisted surgery system for guiding alterations to a bone, comprises a trackable member secured to the bone. The trackable member has a first inertial sensor unit producing orientation-based data. A positioning block is secured to the bone, and is adjustable once the positioning block is secured to the bone to be used to guide tools in altering the bone. The positioning block has a second inertial sensor unit producing orientation-based data. A processing system providing an orientation reference associating the bone to the trackable member comprises a signal interpreter for determining an orientation of the trackable member and of the positioning block. A parameter calculator calculates alteration parameters related to an actual orientation of the positioning block with respect to the bone.
Abstract:
A computer-assisted surgery (CAS) system comprises a cup implanting device including a shaft having a tooling end and a handle end with a handle for being manipulated, the shaft having a longitudinal axis, the tooling end adapted to support a cup for being received in an acetabulum of a patient, and a rotation indicator having a visual guide representative of a device plane, wherein the device plane is in a known position and orientation relative to a center of the cup on the tooling end. A CAS processing unit includes at least one inertial sensor unit connected to the cup implanting device, the inertial sensor unit outputting three-axes readings and having a virtual preset orientation related to a reference axis of a pelvis of the patient, the virtual preset orientation being based on pre-operative imaging specific to the pelvis of the patient, the reference axis of the pelvis passing through a center of rotation of said acetabulum of the pelvis and through a reference landmark of the pelvis, wherein an instant three-axis orientation of the longitudinal axis of the cup implanting device is trigonometrically known relatively to the reference axis when the cup is in the acetabulum of the patient and the device plane passes through the reference landmark via the visual guide, the instant three-axis orientation used for calibrating the inertial sensor unit on the cup implanting device relative to the pelvis.
Abstract:
A computer-assisted surgery (CAS) system outputs a leg length discrepancy and/or an offset between conditions. An inertial sensor unit is connected to an instrument(s) to produce readings representative of its orientation. A CAS processor unit has a coordinate system module for setting a pelvic coordinate system from readings of the inertial sensor unit, a tracking module for tracking an orientation of the instrument(s) relative to the pelvic coordinate system during movements thereof, and a geometrical relation data module for recording preoperatively a medio-lateral orientation of the instrument(s) representative of a medio-lateral axis of the legs and a distance between the legs, for recording after implant rejointing the medio-lateral orientation and the distance, and for calculating a leg length discrepancy and/or an offset, based on the distances and the medio-lateral orientations. An interface outputs the leg length discrepancy and/or the offset between leg conditions.