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1.发明授权Monopolar electrolytic diaphragm cells with removable and replaceable dimensionally stable anodes and method of inserting and removing said anodes 失效具有可拆卸和可更换的尺寸稳定的阳极的单极电解隔膜电池和插入和去除所述阳极的方法
公开(公告)号：US4162953A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-31
申请号：US862674
申请日：1977-12-21
摘要： Describes a monopolar diaphragm electrolytic cell with dimensionally stable anodes in which the anodes rest freely in the cell and are spring-pressed toward the diaphragms by spring-loaded transverse arms on the positive current carriers, which in use contact, but are not mechanically connected to, the anodes, the spring-pressed electrical contacts between the transverse arms and the anodes are sufficient to carry current to the anodes without substantial ohmic drop through these contacts and permit the anodes to be removed from the cells for recoating and other purposes without destroying any welds or other permanent mechanical connections between the anodes and other portions of the cell.
摘要翻译： 描述具有尺寸稳定的阳极的单极隔膜电解池，其中阳极在电池中自由地放置并且通过弹簧加载的横向臂在正电流载体上弹簧压向隔膜，该正电流载体在使用中接触但不机械地连接到 阳极，横向臂和阳极之间的弹簧压力电接触足以将电流携带到阳极，而不会通过这些触点发生实质的欧姆下降，并允许阳极从电池中移除以用于重新涂覆和其他目的，而不会破坏任何 阳极和电池的其他部分之间的焊接或其他永久机械连接。
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公开(公告)号：US4166780A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-04
申请号：US906656
申请日：1978-05-16
摘要： An improved process for the production of halogens and alkali metal hydroxide by electrolysis of aqueous solution of alkali metal halides in a flowing mercury electrolysis cell wherein the salt solutions do not have to purified and to novel amalgam denuders and a mercury electrolytic cell plant without a salt purification step.
摘要翻译： 通过在流动的水银电解池中电解碱金属卤化物的水溶液来生产卤素和碱金属氢氧化物的改进方法，其中盐溶液不需要纯化和新的汞齐溶解剂和没有盐的汞电解池设备 净化步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US4072586A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-07
申请号：US681280
申请日：1976-04-28
IPC分类号： C25B1/21 , C25B11/04 , C25B11/10 , C25B11/16 , C25C1/00 , C25C7/02 , C25C1/08 , C25C1/12 , C25C1/16
CPC分类号： C25B11/0478 , C25B11/16
摘要： Novel electrodes consisting essentially of a valve metal base or other electrically conductive material which is corrosion-resistant to the anodic conditions having on at least a portion of its outer surface an electrocatalytic coating of .beta.-manganese dioxide chemi-deposited by thermal decomposition of an alcoholic solution of manganese nitrate which are useful in electrolysis processes in which oxygen is formed at the anode such as electrowinning of metals from sulfuric acid solution or in the electrolytic production of perchlorates. Also included are electrodes where the .beta.-manganese dioxide coating is activated by doping with up to 5% by weight of at least one metal of the groups IB, IIB, IVA, VA, VB, VIB, VIIB, and VIII of the Periodic Table excluding the platinum group metals, gold and silver or activated by irradiation of the .beta.-manganese dioxide coating and/or stabilized by the addition of up to 20% by weight of silicon dioxide, tin dioxide or .beta.-lead dioxide as a mechanical stabilizer for the coating.
摘要翻译： 基本上由阀金属基底或其它导电材料组成的新型电极，其对阳极条件具有耐腐蚀性，在其外表面的至少一部分上具有通过酒精的热分解化学沉积的β-二氧化锰的电催化涂层 可用于在阳极形成氧气的电解过程中的硝酸锰溶液，例如从硫酸溶液电解金属或在电解生产高氯酸盐中。 还包括电极，其中通过掺杂高达5重量％的元素周期表中IB，IIB，IVA，VA，VB，VIB，VIIB和VIII族的至少一种金属来活化β-二氧化锰涂层 不包括铂族金属，金和银，或通过照射β-二氧化锰涂层活化和/或通过加入高达20重量％的二氧化硅，二氧化锡或β-二氧化碳作为机械稳定剂来稳定 涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US4118306A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-03
申请号：US773069
申请日：1977-02-28
申请人： Vittorio De Nora , Oronzio De Nora
发明人： Vittorio De Nora , Oronzio De Nora
摘要： Provides an imperforate valve metal blanket between the cell base of a electrolysis cell and the cell can, which acts as a conductor from the positive current leads to dimensionally stable anodes and provides hollow anodes with perforate and imperforate sections to promote anolyte circulation within the cell.
摘要翻译： 在电解池的电池基体和电池罐之间提供无孔的阀金属覆盖层，电池罐作为来自正电流的导体导致尺寸稳定的阳极，并提供具有穿孔和无孔部分的中空阳极，以促进电池内的阳极电解液循环。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4073715A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-14
申请号：US655493
申请日：1976-02-05
申请人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
发明人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
摘要： Describes an electrolysis cell and method of operation in which metal anodes (preferably titanium) provided with an electrically conducting electrocatalytic coating, in an anode compartment, face metal cathodes (preferably diaphragm covered) in a cathode compartment, in which the anodes are spaced from an imperforate valve metal separating partition by a separating wall behind which the anolyte can recirculate downward. The anodic gases rising in the anode compartment discharge into a brine box above the anode compartment near the center thereof and the anolyte recirculates downward near at least one end of the anode compartment, and a method of operation which provides circulation from front to back of the anode compartment and from center to the sides of the anode compartment.
摘要翻译： 描述电解槽和操作方法，其中在阳极室中设置有导电电催化涂层的金属阳极（优选钛）面对阳极隔室中的金属阴极（优选隔膜覆盖），其中阳极与 无孔阀门金属分离隔板由隔离壁后面，阳极电解液可以向下再循环。 在阳极室中升高的阳极气体排放到靠近阳极室的阳极室上方的盐水箱中，阳极电解液在阳极室的至少一端附近向下再循环，并且提供一种操作方法，其从 阳极室和阳极室的中心到侧面。
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公开(公告)号：US4381979A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-03
申请号：US268431
申请日：1981-05-29
CPC分类号： C25B9/10
摘要： Halogen is produced by electrolyzing an aqueous halide in a specially designed cell. The cell comprises an anolyte chamber and a catholyte chamber separated by a permeable membrane or diaphragm, notably an ion exchange (generally cation exchange) polymer. At least one electrode comprises at least two sections. One section comprises a gas and electrolyte permeable layer, sheet or mat having a catalytic surface, i.e. one having a low overvoltage, (low hydrogen overvoltage if the cathode and low halogen overvoltage if the anode). This layer is spaced from the membrane by a second section comprising a thin intermediate electroconductive layer, screen or coating which is in contact with the membrane on one side thereof, the other side thereof being in contact with the main cathode.This second or spacer section advantageously has an electrode surface having a higher overvoltage than the first electrode surface. Preferably the cathode has the above construction.Upon electrolysis of alkali metal chloride or other halide in such a cell and with a cathode of the type described above, a low voltage is obtained even at high current densities and the cathode efficiency is high.The spacer may be in the form of a thin porous coating of metal or the like bonded to or in close contact with the membrane or it may be in the form of a gas and electrolyte permeable screen interposed between the membrane and the lower overvoltage section.
摘要翻译： 卤素通过在专门设计的电池中电解卤化物水溶液而产生。 电池包括由可渗透膜或隔膜分开的阳极电解液室和阴极电解液室，特别是离子交换（通常为阳离子交换）聚合物。 至少一个电极包括至少两个部分。 一个部分包括气体和电解质可渗透层，具有催化表面的片材或垫，即具有低过电压的片材或垫片（如果阴极和低卤素过电压（如果阳极，则为低氢过电压））。 该层通过第二部分与第二部分隔开，第二部分包括薄的中间导电层，在其一侧与膜接触的屏幕或涂层，其另一侧与主阴极接触。 该第二或间隔部分有利地具有比第一电极表面更高的过电压的电极表面。 阴极优选具有上述结构。 在这种电池中和碱金属氯化物或其他卤化物电解时，即使在高电流密度下也能获得低电压，阴极效率高。 间隔物可以是与膜结合或紧密接触的金属等的薄多孔涂层的形式，或者其可以是介于膜和下部过电压部分之间的气体和电解质渗透性筛网的形式。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4130468A
公开(公告)日：1978-12-19
申请号：US860679
申请日：1977-12-15
申请人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
发明人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
摘要： Describes an electrolysis cell and method of operation in which metal anodes (preferably titanium) provided with an electrically conducting electrocatalytic coating, in an anode compartment, face metal cathodes (preferably diaphragm covered) in a cathode compartment, in which the anodes are spaced from an imperforate valve metal separating partition by a separating wall behind which the anolyte can recirculate downward. The anodic gases rising in the anode compartment discharge into a brine box above the anode compartment near the center thereof and the anolyte recirculates downward near at least one end of the anode compartment, and a method of operation which provides circulation from front to back of the anode compartment and from center to the sides of the anode compartment.
摘要翻译： 描述电解槽和操作方法，其中在阳极室中设置有导电电催化涂层的金属阳极（优选钛）面对阳极隔室中的金属阴极（优选隔膜覆盖），其中阳极与 无孔阀门金属分离隔板由隔离壁后面，阳极电解液可以向下再循环。 在阳极室中升高的阳极气体排放到靠近阳极室的阳极室上方的盐水箱中，阳极电解液在阳极室的至少一端附近向下再循环，并且提供一种操作方法，其从 阳极室和阳极室的中心到侧面。
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公开(公告)号：US3976550A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-24
申请号：US470281
申请日：1974-05-15
申请人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
发明人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
摘要： Describes a bipolar diaphragm cell consisting of a series of substantially horizontal frames stacked one on top of the other with the interposition of insulating gaskets. These frames house the cathode compartment in the upper part and the anode compartment in the lower part of each frame; these compartments are separated by a horizontal plate supporting the cathode screen and diaphragm on its upper side and the anodic structure from its lower side; the anodic structure consisting of a valve metal base having an electrically conductive electrocatalytic coating thereon and having sufficient voids through the metal of the anode base to readily pass anode gases upwardly through the anodes.
摘要翻译： 描述了由一系列基本上水平的框架组成的双极隔膜单元，其中一个在顶部彼此堆叠并插入绝缘垫圈。 这些框架容纳上部的阴极室和每个框架下部的阳极室; 这些隔室由支撑阴极屏幕的水平板和其上侧的隔膜和从其下侧的阳极结构分开; 阳极结构由其上具有导电电催化涂层的阀金属基底组成，并且通过阳极基底的金属具有足够的空隙以容易地将阳极气体向上通过阳极。
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9.发明授权Bipolar electrolysis cells with perforate metal anodes and baffles to deflect anodic gases away from the interelectrodic gap 失效具有良好金属阳极的双极电解质电池和用于防止来自电子间隙的阳极气体
公开(公告)号：US3930981A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-06
申请号：US482319
申请日：1974-06-24
申请人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
发明人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
IPC分类号： C25B11/02 , C25B9/00 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/18 , C25B9/20 , C25B11/03 , C25B11/08 , C25B15/08 , C25B11/10
摘要： Describes electrolysis diaphragm cells with substantially vertical, dimensionally stable, valve metal anodes and steel cathodes forming substantially vertical interelectrodic gaps therebetween with grooved, slotted, reticulated or rod type anodes and baffles on either the front or back, or on both the front and back, of said anodes to direct the anodic gases away from the interelectrodic gap, and slots or other openings in the anodes, adjacent said baffles, through which the anodic gases pass to the rear of the anodes, to thereby protect the diaphragms against destruction by the anodic gases produced in the interelectrodic gap.
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公开(公告)号：US4161438A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-17
申请号：US813818
申请日：1977-07-08
申请人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
发明人： Oronzio De Nora , Vittorio De Nora
CPC分类号： C25B9/206
摘要： Describes an electrolysis cell having metal anodes (preferably titanium) and metal cathodes connected together back to back by a metal to metal contact forming a bimetallic partition. The anodes and cathodes are in wave form with their active surfaces intermeshed together and the cell may be unipolar or bipolar with terminal positive and negative end unit cells and a plurality of intermediate cell units.
摘要翻译： 描述具有金属阳极（优选钛）和金属阴极的电解槽，金属阳极通过形成双金属隔板的金属 - 金属接触背对背连接在一起。 阳极和阴极是波形，其活性表面相互啮合在一起，并且电池可以是单极的或具有末端正负极单元电池和多个中间电池单元的双极。
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