摘要:
A stack of layers reflecting heat radiation for transparent substrates comprises at least one silver functional layer and, on both faces of the latter, antireflection layers formed by one or more metal compounds. The antireflection layer under the silver layer comprises an upper partial layer of zinc oxide contiguous to the silver layer, and an additional partial layer, under the zinc oxide layer, which is formed by aluminum nitride and is under internal tensile stresses. With the aid of the AlN layer under tensile stresses, it is possible to compensate the internal compressive stresses existing in the ZnO layer.
摘要:
The subject of the invention is a flexible or rigid, transparent substrate provided with a stack of thin layers, which includes at least one functional layer predominantly based on silver Ag placed between two coatings of dielectric material, at least one of the coatings comprising a layer predominantly based on aluminum nitride AlN. The functional layer or at least one of the functional layers is modified by incorporating at least one minor metal M other than Ag and/or the said AlN-based layer, or at least one of them, is modified by incorporating at least one metal M′ in a minor amount compared with the aluminum.
摘要:
An electrode is produced on a rigid or flexible support substrate, including a grid network of very fine electrically-conductive lines with nodes and links, to produce a diffraction pattern, as much as possible in an arc shape, in the light transmitted and that results in an absence of high-level optical impacts. The grid network may in addition be produced without preferential direction with a number of three lines joining up at each node and/or with conductive sections extending in the shape of an arc or in wave form between the nodes.
摘要:
A device including a glass substrate made of a soda lime silica glass composition of: SiO2 (50˜75 wt %); Na2O (1˜8 wt %); K2O (1˜12 wt %); CaO (1˜12 wt %); ZrO2 (0˜8 wt %); SrO (0˜15 wt %); BaO (0˜12 wt %); MgO (0˜10 wt %); Al2O3 (0˜12 wt %); B2O3 (0˜3 wt %), wherein the total amount of Na2O and K2O is in the range of 5˜15 wt %, the total amount of CaO, MgO, SrO and BaO is in the range of 10˜25 wt %.
摘要:
In an electrically-heated glazing unit including a plurality of collector conductors configured to supply a plurality of heating conductors with an electric current used to heat up the heating conductors and the glazing unit, at least one partial region of the surface of the glazing unit includes an arrangement of parallel heating conductors in which the current flows in opposing directions. The arrangement of the heating conductors in the partial region of the surface is tuned to minimize by mutual compensation or eliminate the magnetic field acting locally within this partial region and perpendicularly to the plane of the glazing unit when the current flows. The operation of an apparatus sensitive to magnetic fields, for example a compass, in the immediate vicinity of the glazing unit thus becomes more reliable.
摘要:
Organic solid solution pigments are prepared and conditioned by treating a mixture of their components, after synthesis but preferably without or with only partial drying, in a mixture of from 0 to 30% by weight of an organic liquid having a dipole moment μ of 2.8–6.0·10−18 .esu (2.8 to 6.0 debye units) and from 70 to 100% by weight of water in an agitated media pearl mill having a specific power density of at most 2.0 kj·s−1 per liter of grinding space. Drying the starting components is especially suitable in the case of only slightly agglomerating, easy to wet pigments of specific surface area from 1 to 25 m2/g. The method gives excellent results, and is flexible and also much simpler than known methods.
摘要:
A transparent window pane including an electrically heating coating that extends over a large part of the surface of the window pane, or over its field of vision, and which is electrically connected to at least two busbars of low electrical resistance, such that, after an electrical supply voltage has been applied to the busbars, an electrical current flows in a heating field formed by the coating. Further, a heating element includes conducting elements of low electrical resistance, or printed conducting tracks and/or wires, in a zone of the surface not heated by the coating, which preferably lies on the edge of the transparent window pane and on the same face as the coating.
摘要:
Pigment compositions containing organic pigments with an outstanding migration-free property and an excellent rheology at high concentration, and derivatives thereof containing heterocyclic substituents. The pigment compositions contains (a) carbon black or an organic pigment containing a chromophore Q1 of the following formula, wherein Z1 and Z2 are O or N—, C· is a carbon atom with an electron in a p orbital, and n is an integer from 1 to 4; and (b) a compound containing a chromophore of the following formula (II), wherein Q2 is an m-valent residue of carbon black or of the chromophore Q1; G1 is preferably and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R8 are preferably all H; m is an integer from 1 to 4. The pigment compositions can be used as rheology modifiers, preferably for pigmented coating compositions.
摘要:
A process for preparing a black colorant, preferably a black pigment, characterized in that a compound of the Formula (I) is reacted with a compound of the Formula (II) in a molar ratio of 1:2, in the presence of a catalyst which in water at 25° C. has a pK≦4.5. For the definition of R1 to R7, refer to the description; preferably all are H. Likewise claimed are new crystal polymorphs obtainable by this process, and preferably single-phase mixed crystals. Also claimed are synergistic compositions. These compositions exhibit increased light stability in plastics stabilized with basic light stabilizers when they are pigmented with colorants of the invention rather than with known black pigments such as carbon black. The specification also relates, furthermore, to the use of the black colorants of the invention for coloring paints, printing inks and plastics in the mass, and to mulch film, instrument panels, woven fabrics, garden furniture items or elements for the construction industry that are pigmented with said colorants.
摘要:
The invention relates to a compound comprising a chromophore of formula (II), wherein m is an integer from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2; Q2 is a residue of carbon black or of a chromophore which comprises at least one group of the formula (I) or a cis/trans isomer thereof, wherein Z1 and Z2 are each independently of the other O or N—, each C. is independently of all others C. a carbon atom with an electron in a p orbital, and n is an integer from 1 to 4; G1 is a divalent group consisting of a linear chain consisting of 3 or 4 links each selected independently from the others from the group consisting of formula (III), (IV), (V), (VI), (VII) and formula (VIII), said links being sequentially connected together within the chain in any order by single bonds or, in case of two adjacent formula (VII) and/or formula (VIII), by double bonds, with the proviso that at least each one of the links are formula (IV) and formula (IX); R1, R2 and R3 are each independently of the others H, halogen, OH, NH2, NO2, R7, OR7, SR7, NR6R7, COR7, CO2R7, CONR6R7 or SO2R7; each R4 is independently from any other R4H or R7, preferably H, methyl or ethyl, most preferred H; each R5 is independently from any other R5H, halogen, OH, NH2, NO2, R7, OR7, SR7, NR6R7, COR7, CONR6R7 or SO2R7; R6 is H, a direct bond to a geminal R5 or R7, thus forming a 3- to 8-membered homo- or hetero-cyclic ring, or independently from any other R7 a group R7; each R7 is independently of any other R7C1-C8alkyl, C3-C8cycloalkyl, C2-C8alkenyl, C2-C8alkinyl or C3-C8cycloalkenyl which are each unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogens, amino and hydroxy, and are uninterrupted or interrupted by one or more —O—, —S—, —NH— or —N(C1-C4alkyl)-; and m is an integer from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, as well as the use of these compounds to improve therheology in coatings, colour filter-sand pigment compositions comprising these compounds in addition to pigments comprising chromophores of the structure [Q2]-[H]m.