公开(公告)号：US07686755B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-30

申请号：US11471277

申请日：2006-06-19

申请人： Peter C. Smith ,  Michael Klein ,  Heike Hausen ,  Paul A. Lovoi

发明人： Peter C. Smith ,  Michael Klein ,  Heike Hausen ,  Paul A. Lovoi

IPC分类号： A61N5/00

CPC分类号： A61N5/1015 ,  A61B2017/22051 ,  A61B2090/0481 ,  A61N2005/1003 ,  A61N2005/1005 ,  A61N2005/1094

摘要： Brachytherapy applicators incorporate various forms of selective shielding devices for controlling the direction and intensity of radiation directed at a patient's tissue. In some forms the applicators include a retractable sheath, in some a series of retractable fingers. In other forms the applicator, having an inflatable balloon, has a shield which is retractable from a position adjacent to the balloon or retracted from the balloon, or a shield can itself be inflatable, separately or together with the balloon.

摘要翻译： 近程放射治疗仪包括各种形式的选择性屏蔽装置，用于控制指向患者组织的辐射的方向和强度。 在一些形式中，施用器包括可伸缩护套，在一些可伸缩的手指中。 在其他形式中，具有可膨胀气囊的施用器具有可从邻近气囊的位置缩回或从球囊缩回的护罩，或者屏蔽件本身可以与气囊分开地或与气囊一起充气。

公开(公告)号：US20080009658A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-10

申请号：US11471013

申请日：2006-06-19

申请人： Peter C. Smith ,  Michael Klein ,  Heike Hausen ,  Paul A. Lovoi

发明人： Peter C. Smith ,  Michael Klein ,  Heike Hausen ,  Paul A. Lovoi

IPC分类号： A61N5/00

CPC分类号： A61N5/1015 ,  A61B2017/22051 ,  A61B2090/0481 ,  A61N2005/1003 ,  A61N2005/1005 ,  A61N2005/1094

摘要： Brachytherapy applicators incorporate various forms of selective shielding devices for controlling the direction and intensity of radiation directed at a patient's tissue. In some forms the applicators include a retractable sheath, in some a series of retractable fingers. In other forms the applicator, having an inflatable balloon, has a shield which is retractable from a position adjacent to the balloon or retracted from the balloon, or a shield can itself be inflatable, separately or together with the balloon.

公开(公告)号：US20080009659A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-10

申请号：US11471277

申请日：2006-06-19

申请人： Peter C. Smith ,  Michael Klein ,  Heike Hausen ,  Paul A. Lovoi

发明人： Peter C. Smith ,  Michael Klein ,  Heike Hausen ,  Paul A. Lovoi

IPC分类号： A61N5/00

CPC分类号： A61N5/1015 ,  A61B2017/22051 ,  A61B2090/0481 ,  A61N2005/1003 ,  A61N2005/1005 ,  A61N2005/1094

摘要： Brachytherapy applicators incorporate various forms of selective shielding devices for controlling the direction and intensity of radiation directed at a patient's tissue. In some forms the applicators include a retractable sheath, in some a series of retractable fingers. In other forms the applicator, having an inflatable balloon, has a shield which is retractable from a position adjacent to the balloon or retracted from the balloon, or a shield can itself be inflatable, separately or together with the balloon.

摘要翻译： 近程放射治疗仪包括各种形式的选择性屏蔽装置，用于控制指向患者组织的辐射的方向和强度。 在一些形式中，施用器包括可伸缩护套，在一些可伸缩的手指中。 在其他形式中，具有可膨胀气囊的施用器具有可从邻近气囊的位置缩回或从球囊缩回的护罩，或者屏蔽件本身可以与气囊分开地或与气囊一起充气。

公开(公告)号：US20080167514A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-10

申请号：US12074468

申请日：2008-03-03

申请人： Alex Lim ,  Paul A. Lovoi ,  Heike Hausen ,  Daren L. Stewart

发明人： Alex Lim ,  Paul A. Lovoi ,  Heike Hausen ,  Daren L. Stewart

IPC分类号： A61M36/10

CPC分类号： A61N5/1016 ,  A61N5/1048 ,  A61N2005/1005

摘要： A vaginal brachytherapy applicator is versatile to different anatomies and more comfortable to the patient than prior applicators. An inflatable balloon on a shaft may be inelastic or elastic. In one embodiment the shaft is rotatable relative to the balloon for enabling a ring or band of dose delivery, for versatility in radiation placement. Alternatively, the source can be rotated and pulled back within a stationary shaft. An adjustment is provided for reducing the length of balloon that inflates, to accommodate different anatomies and positions. Although isotope radiation sources can be used in the applicator, an electronic source is preferred, and the system and method include procedures for using the applicator with an electronic source.

摘要翻译： 阴道近距离放射治疗仪对于不同的解剖结构是多功能的，对于患者而言比以前的给药者更舒适。 轴上的可膨胀气球可能是无弹性的或弹性的。 在一个实施例中，轴可相对于球囊旋转，以实现用于辐射放置的多功能性的剂量递送环或带。 或者，源可以在固定轴内旋转和拉回。 提供了一种减小气囊膨胀长度的调整，以适应不同的解剖结构和位置。 虽然同位素辐射源可以用于施用器中，但是电子源是优选的，并且该系统和方法包括使用具有电子源的施加器的程序。

公开(公告)号：US07918778B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-05

申请号：US12074468

申请日：2008-03-03

申请人： Alex Lim ,  Paul A. Lovoi ,  Heike Hausen ,  Daren L. Stewart

发明人： Alex Lim ,  Paul A. Lovoi ,  Heike Hausen ,  Daren L. Stewart

IPC分类号： A61N5/00

CPC分类号： A61N5/1016 ,  A61N5/1048 ,  A61N2005/1005

摘要： A vaginal brachytherapy applicator is versatile to different anatomies and more comfortable to the patient than prior applicators. An inflatable balloon on a shaft may be inelastic or elastic. In one embodiment the shaft is rotatable relative to the balloon for enabling a ring or band of dose delivery, for versatility in radiation placement. Alternatively, the source can be rotated and pulled back within a stationary shaft. An adjustment is provided for reducing the length of balloon that inflates, to accommodate different anatomies and positions. Although isotope radiation sources can be used in the applicator, an electronic source is preferred, and the system and method include procedures for using the applicator with an electronic source.

摘要翻译： 阴道近距离放射治疗仪对于不同的解剖结构是多功能的，对于患者而言比以前的给药者更舒适。 轴上的可膨胀气球可能是无弹性的或弹性的。 在一个实施例中，轴可相对于球囊旋转，以实现用于辐射放置的多功能性的剂量递送环或带。 或者，源可以在固定轴内旋转和拉回。 提供了一种减小气囊膨胀长度的调整，以适应不同的解剖结构和位置。 虽然同位素辐射源可以用于施用器中，但是电子源是优选的，并且该系统和方法包括使用具有电子源的施加器的程序。

公开(公告)号：US07338430B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-04

申请号：US11323346

申请日：2005-12-30

申请人： Alex Lim ,  Paul A. Lovoi ,  Heike Hausen ,  Daren L. Stewart

发明人： Alex Lim ,  Paul A. Lovoi ,  Heike Hausen ,  Daren L. Stewart

IPC分类号： A61M36/00

CPC分类号： A61N5/1016 ,  A61N5/1048 ,  A61N2005/1005

摘要： A vaginal brachytherapy applicator is versatile to different anatomies and more comfortable to the patient than prior applicators. An inflatable balloon on a shaft may be inelastic or elastic. In one embodiment the shaft is rotatable relative to the balloon for enabling a ring or band of dose delivery, for versatility in radiation placement. Alternatively, the source can be rotated and pulled back within a stationary shaft. An adjustment is provided for reducing the length of balloon that inflates, to accommodate different anatomies and positions. Although isotope radiation sources can be used in the applicator, an electronic source is preferred, and the system and method include procedures for using the applicator with an electronic source.

公开(公告)号：US07127033B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-24

申请号：US10789653

申请日：2004-02-28

申请人： Paul A. Lovoi ,  John Rieke ,  Alex Lim ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Thomas W. Rusch

发明人： Paul A. Lovoi ,  John Rieke ,  Alex Lim ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Thomas W. Rusch

IPC分类号： H01J35/32

CPC分类号： A61N5/1002 ,  A61M25/003 ,  A61M25/10 ,  A61M2025/0004 ,  A61M2025/0034 ,  A61M2025/0036 ,  A61M2025/0039 ,  A61N2005/005 ,  A61N2005/1022 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/1216 ,  H01J2235/122 ,  H01J2235/1262 ,  H05G1/025

摘要： A miniature x-ray tube is cooled using a catheter preferably having multiple small lumens for inflow and outflow of coolant. Inflow may be through an outer lumen(s) in a concentric-extrusion catheter, the liquid turning back at the distal end of the catheter to a proximal flow over the anode end of the x-ray tube and through an inner lumen within which the x-ray tube is positioned. A coolant distribution head may engage with the anode end of the x-ray tube, with small orifices so as to distribute coolant essentially evenly over the anode surface. Temperature and flow rate of the inflowing coolant liquid are balanced so as to optimize heat transfer while efficiently carrying coolant through small lumens without the need for high pressures. Some embodiments use the inflation liquid in an applicator balloon as the coolant, with the liquid actively flowing or, in a simplified system, with the liquid static.

摘要翻译： 使用优选具有用于冷却剂的流入和流出的多个小流明的导管来冷却微型X射线管。 流入可以穿过同心挤出导管中的外腔，液体在导管的远端处返回到X射线管的阳极端上的近端流动并且穿过内腔，在内腔内 x射线管被定位。 冷却剂分配头可以与X射线管的阳极端接合，具有小孔，以便将冷却剂基本均匀地分布在阳极表面上。 流入的冷却剂液体的温度和流速是平衡的，以便优化热传递，同时有效地将冷却剂携带在小流明中，而不需要高压。 一些实施例使用施用器气囊中的充气液体作为冷却剂，其中液体主动地流动，或者在简化的系统中使液体静止。

公开(公告)号：US07130381B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-31

申请号：US11291020

申请日：2005-11-30

申请人： Paul A. Lovoi ,  Petre H. Vatahov ,  Earl E. Dozier ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Leonard Reed ,  Robert G. Neimeyer

发明人： Paul A. Lovoi ,  Petre H. Vatahov ,  Earl E. Dozier ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Leonard Reed ,  Robert G. Neimeyer

IPC分类号： H01J35/06

CPC分类号： H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/14

摘要： Methods for connecting electrical potential to an extractor cup at the cathode of a miniature x-ray tube are disclosed. The various connection schemes are designed to form a rugged and conveniently manufacturable connection between the metal extractor cup and one side of the cathode filament, so that the extractor cup shapes the path of electrons as desired en route to the anode of the tube. Some of the disclosed connections involve evaporation of conductive metal or other materials off the filament when the filament is first activated. Others involve applying a paste or paint conductive precursor directly to a base to connect a post and the extractor, the paste being heat-cured after the completion of assembly. Others involve a fine wire or spring strip from one filament post to the walls of the extractor cup. Other schemes include welded or brazed wires or foil, crimping, pinching, swaging and other connections, all made inside the tube enclosure.

公开(公告)号：US07130380B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-31

申请号：US10799450

申请日：2004-03-13

申请人： Paul A. Lovoi ,  Petre H. Vatahov ,  Earl E. Dozier ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Leonard Reed ,  Robert G. Neimeyer

发明人： Paul A. Lovoi ,  Petre H. Vatahov ,  Earl E. Dozier ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Leonard Reed ,  Robert G. Neimeyer

IPC分类号： H01J35/32

CPC分类号： H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/14

摘要： Methods for connecting electrical potential to an extractor cup at the cathode of a miniature x-ray tube are disclosed. The various connection schemes are designed to form a rugged and conveniently manufacturable connection between the metal extractor cup and one side of the cathode filament, so that the extractor cup shapes the path of electrons as desired en route to the anode of the tube. Some of the disclosed connections involve evaporation of conductive metal or other materials off the filament when the filament is first activated. Others involve applying a paste or paint conductive precursor directly to a base to connect a post and the extractor, the paste being heat-cured after the completion of assembly. Others involve a fine wire or spring strip from one filament post to the walls of the extractor cup. Other schemes include welded or brazed wires or foil, crimping, pinching, swaging and other connections, all made inside the tube enclosure.

公开(公告)号：US06989486B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-24

申请号：US10961962

申请日：2004-10-08

申请人： Paul A. Lovoi ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Alex Lim

发明人： Paul A. Lovoi ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Alex Lim

IPC分类号： H01B7/34 ,  H01B7/00

CPC分类号： A61N5/1001 ,  A61N5/1002 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01J9/24 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/02 ,  H01J2235/164

摘要： In a miniature x-ray tube, which may be on the order of approximately 1 mm in diameter or even less, a high voltage cable is provided in various embodiments for conducting current to the cathode of the x-ray tube and for conducting high voltage to the cathode and anode of the tube. In various embodiments of the cable, two conductors occupy a center region of the cable, packed as closely together as possible, in various shapes that are compact and present as smooth as possible an external shape for maximizing dielectric properties against the exterior high voltage ground, surrounding and generally concentric with the inner conductors. The inner conductors, which carry high voltage in opposition to the outer ground, can be in opposed D shapes, coaxial, two flattened conductors side by side, or simply a pair of cylindrical wires positioned as closely as possible. The space between the inner conductors and the outer ground can be occupied by a glass insulator, polymer, successive layers of polymers and adhesive, air, gas, vacuum or other dielectrics. A partially conductive region can surround the inner conductors.

摘要翻译： 在可以在大约1mm直径甚至更小的数量级的微型X射线管中，在各种实施例中提供高压电缆用于将电流传导到x射线管的阴极和用于传导高电压 到管的阴极和阳极。 在电缆的各种实施例中，两个导体占据电缆的中心区域，尽可能紧密地包装在各种形状中，其形状紧凑并且呈现尽可能平滑的外部形状，用于使外部高压地面的介电特性最大化， 围绕并且与内部导体大致同心。 承载与外部地面相对的高电压的内部导体可以彼此相对的D形状，同轴的，两个扁平的导体，或简单的一对圆柱形的电线尽可能靠近。 内部导体和外部地面之间的空间可以由玻璃绝缘体，聚合物，连续的聚合物层和粘合剂，空气，气体，真空或其它电介质占据。 部分导电区域可以围绕内部导体。