Abstract:
Stacked transistor power amplifier stages in an integratedcircuit quasi-linear amplifier are supplied quiescent bias currents which are in inverse proportion to their forward current gains. This permits selection of their quiescent collector currents to be at sufficiently low levels to reduce to low values both cross-over distortion and quiescent dissipation.
Abstract:
A first current is applied to the joined emitter electrodes of a first and a second transistor to be split into a first and a second fractions related in the ratio hfen to 1, which fractions flow as their respective collector currents. (The common-emitter forward current gain of the first transistor is hfe.) A first and a second paths extend from a common connection to respective base electrodes of the first and second transistors. Each path includes n junction diode(s) connected in series with the baseemitter junction of the transistor to which the path connects. A second current related to the first is applied to the second path to apply additional forward bias to the n diode(s) therein.
Abstract:
A silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) is connected at its cathode to one terminal of the device to be protected and at its anode to the other terminal of the device. When an overvoltage occurs, a zener diode connected between the trigger gate and anode of the SCR is driven into conduction in the zener mode and this causes anode-to-cathode conduction through the SCR, placing a low impedance path across the device to be protected. When the overvoltage is removed, the space-charge at the trigger electrode-bias electrode junction of the SCR is quickly dissipated, thereby opening the low impedance path.