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    Porous structures from solid solutions of reduced oxides
    2.
    发明授权
    Porous structures from solid solutions of reduced oxides 失效
    还原氧化物固溶体的多孔结构

    公开(公告)号：US5312582A

    公开(公告)日：1994-05-17

    申请号：US13706

    申请日：1993-02-04

    申请人： Rafael A. Donado

    发明人： Rafael A. Donado

    IPC分类号： B22F3/10 ,  B22F3/11 ,  C04B35/65 ,  C22C1/10 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/14 ,  B22F1/00

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8885 ,  B22F3/101 ,  B22F3/11 ,  C04B35/65 ,  C22C1/10 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  Y02E60/526 ,  Y10S75/951

    摘要： A process for producing porous structures for use in molten carbonate fuel cells in which a powder comprising at least one of a non-alloyed metal powder and a metal oxide powder, and a ceramic oxide powder is mixed, formed into a desired shape and sintered in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature between 900.degree. C. and about 1400.degree. C. via reactive oxidation to form a sintered oxide structure, which is then cooled to 700.degree. C. to 1100.degree. C. and treated in a reducing atmosphere to form a metallic structure with the non-reducible oxide dispersed within the metal.

    摘要翻译： 一种制造用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的多孔结构体的方法，其中将包含非合金金属粉末和金属氧化物粉末中的至少一种的粉末和陶瓷氧化物粉末混合，形成所需形状并烧结在 通过反应性氧化在900℃至约1400℃的温度下的氧化气氛，形成烧结氧化物结构，然后将其冷却至700℃至1100℃，并在还原气氛中处理形成 金属结构与不可还原的氧化物分散在金属内。

    Process for producing stabilized molten carbonate fuel cell porous anodes
    3.
    发明授权
    Process for producing stabilized molten carbonate fuel cell porous anodes 失效
    生产稳定的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池多孔阳极的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4752500A

    公开(公告)日：1988-06-21

    申请号：US847245

    申请日：1986-04-02

    申请人： Rafael A. Donado

    发明人： Rafael A. Donado

    IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/14 ,  B05D5/12

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8663 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/8892 ,  H01M8/141 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  Y02E60/526 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10T29/49115

    摘要： A process for producing stabilized molten carbonate fuel cell porous metal anodes by impregnating a porous metallic anode in an aqueous solution having dissolved therein a water soluble salt of a structure stabilizing agent; drying the impregnated porous anode to evaporate free water and form hydrated salts of the stabilizing agent on the surface of the metal particles, further heating the impregnated dried porous anodes to dehydrate the hydrated compounds on the surface of the metal particles, and heating the porous anodes to a temperature of about 600.degree. to about 700.degree. C. in a reducing atmosphere forming particles of the stabilizing agent on the surface of the metal particles. Suitable stabilizing agents include water soluble salts of chromium, zirconium, aluminum, and mixtures thereof. The porous metallic anodes produced according to this process provide stability against sintering and creep resistance during molten carbonate fuel cell operation.

    Molten carbonate fuel cell start-up process
    4.
    发明授权
    Molten carbonate fuel cell start-up process 失效
    熔融碳酸燃料电池启动过程

    公开(公告)号：US5021303A

    公开(公告)日：1991-06-04

    申请号：US451567

    申请日：1989-12-18

    申请人： Rafael A. Donado

    发明人： Rafael A. Donado

    IPC分类号： H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/14

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04283 ,  H01M8/142 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  Y02E60/526

    摘要： A molten carbonate fuel cell start-up process wherein at least one cell unit having a metallic cathode, a metallic anode, and green tapes of electrolyte matrix and electrolyte carbonate between the cathode and anode is heated to temperatures about 250.degree. to about 350.degree. C. in the presence of oxygen-containing gas with continued heating to temperatures above the melting point of the carbonate electrolyte in the presence of inert gas and about 0.5 to about 10 mole percent hydrogen, based upon the total gas composition, and maintaining temperatures above the melting point of the carbonate electrolyte for a time sufficient for the carbonate to distribute itself to the cell components, and then introducing oxidant gas to contact the cathode and fuel gas to contact the anode for operation of the fuel cell. The start-up process according to this invention provides simultaneous oxidation and lithiation of the cathode and provides good electrical conductivity and catalytic properties of the cathode for stable fuel cell operation.

    Fuel cell cathodes
    6.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell cathodes 失效
    燃料电池阴极

    公开(公告)号：US5641328A

    公开(公告)日：1997-06-24

    申请号：US523049

    申请日：1995-09-01

    申请人： Estela T. Ong ,  Rafael A. Donado

    发明人： Estela T. Ong ,  Rafael A. Donado

    IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/14

    CPC分类号： H01M4/9016 ,  H01M4/8621 ,  H01M4/8885 ,  H01M8/142 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  Y02E60/526 ,  Y10T29/49115

    摘要： Methods of making fuel cell electrodes in which the pores of an electrically conductive metal substrate are filled with a slurry containing particles of the same or a different electrically conductive metal. The liquid phase of the slurry is removed, leaving the particles of conductive material in the pores of the substrate; and the conductive metal(s) making up the substrate and the metal particles supplied from the slurry are converted to oxide.

    摘要翻译： 制造燃料电池电极的方法，其中导电金属基底的孔填充有含有相同或不同导电金属的颗粒的浆料。 去除浆液的液相，将导电材料颗粒留在基材的孔中; 并且构成基板的导电金属和从浆料供应的金属颗粒被转化为氧化物。

    Methods of making anodes for high temperature fuel cells
    8.
    发明授权
    Methods of making anodes for high temperature fuel cells 失效
    制造高温燃料电池的阳极的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5229221A

    公开(公告)日：1993-07-20

    申请号：US870605

    申请日：1992-04-16

    申请人： Rafael A. Donado ,  Estela T. Ong

    发明人： Rafael A. Donado ,  Estela T. Ong

    IPC分类号： C22C1/10 ,  H01M2/14 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M8/14

    CPC分类号： H01M4/8621 ,  C22C1/1078 ,  H01M2/145 ,  H01M4/8857 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/9041 ,  H01M8/14 ,  H01M2004/8684 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  Y02E60/526

    摘要： Methods of fabricating anodes for high temperature fuel cell in which an alloy powder with a major phase of a base metal and a minor phase of a stabilizing, alloying metal is preformed into the shape wanted in the anode. This green structure is sintered under conditions which produce a metallic, essentially oxygen-free structure. The sintered structure is selectively oxidized in situ in a fuel cell under conditions which promote internal oxidation and a consequent increase in the stability of the anode under operating conditions where the anode is exposed to high temperatures for long periods of time.

    摘要翻译： 制造高温燃料电池的阳极的方法，其中将具有贱金属的主相和稳定的合金金属的次相的合金粉末预成形为阳极中所需的形状。 这种绿色结构在产生金属，基本上无氧结​​构的条件下烧结。 烧结结构在燃料电池中在促进内部氧化的条件下被选择性地氧化，并且由此阳极在阳极暴露于高温长时间的操作条件下随之而来的稳定性增加。