公开(公告)号：US5150015A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-22

申请号：US685371

申请日：1991-04-15

申请人： Raymond A. Heindl ,  Mark E. Duffy ,  James T. Dakin ,  Harald L. Witting ,  Richard C. Nagle ,  Lawrence T. Mazza

发明人： Raymond A. Heindl ,  Mark E. Duffy ,  James T. Dakin ,  Harald L. Witting ,  Richard C. Nagle ,  Lawrence T. Mazza

IPC分类号： H01J61/54 ,  H01J65/04

CPC分类号： H01J65/048 ,  H01J61/54

摘要： An electrodeless high intensity discharge (HID) lamp having an arc tube, a starting aid, and an outer jacket all integrally formed of fused quartz, includes an excitation circuit for providing RF energy effective for initiating and maintaining a gas discharge within the arc tube. The arc tube is positioned within the outer jacket such that a minimum space exists between the outer jacket and the arc tube thereby allowing the efficient coupling of such RF energy to the arc tube by means of an excitation coil wound in close proximate location to the arc tube. The starting aid is of a substantially smaller dimension than the arc tube thereby allowing for a second spacing to occur above the arc tube. This second spacing is effective for optimum thermal management of heat generated within the outer jacket. The upper end of the outer jacket has an integrally formed annular groove for receiving an annular support member effective for securing the HID lamp to a lighting fixture.

摘要翻译： 具有由熔融石英整体形成的电弧管，起动辅助件和外护套的无电极高强度放电（HID）灯包括用于提供RF能量的激励电路，用于启动和维持电弧管内的气体放电。 电弧管定位在外护套内，使得在外护套和电弧管之间存在最小空间，从而允许通过在与电弧紧密接近的位置卷绕的励磁线圈将这种RF能量有效地耦合到电弧管 管。 起动辅助件具有比电弧管大得多的尺寸，从而允许在电弧管之上发生第二间隔。 该第二间隔对于在外护套内产生的热的最佳热管理是有效的。 外护套的上端具有整体形成的环形槽，用于接收有效地将HID灯固定到照明器具上的环形支撑构件。

公开(公告)号：US4902937A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-20

申请号：US225315

申请日：1988-07-28

申请人： Harald L. Witting

发明人： Harald L. Witting

IPC分类号： H01J61/54 ,  H01J65/04

CPC分类号： H01J65/048 ,  H01J61/544

摘要： A pair of starting electrodes are provided for an electrodeless high-intensity-discharge lamp arc of the type having an envelope situated within the bore of an excitation coil and in the interior of which envelope is to be provided a plasma arc discharge driven by the excitation coil. Each of the starting electrodes is a conductive ring disposed adjacent to an associated one of an opposed pair of envelope surfaces, and connected to an opposite end of the excitation coil. A high-voltage signal coupled between the starting electrodes causes an electric field to be produced sufficient to create a glow discharge in the arc tube, and cause an almost instantaneous transition to a high-current solenoidal discharge to form the discharge plasma responsive to the normal field provided by the excitation coil.

摘要翻译： 为一种无电极高强度放电灯电弧提供了一对起动电极，该电弧具有位于励磁线圈的孔内的封套，并且在其内部要设置由激励驱动的等离子体电弧放电 线圈 每个起始电极是与相对的一对包络面相​​邻设置的导电环，并连接到励磁线圈的相对端。 耦合在起始电极之间的高电压信号导致产生足以在电弧管中产生辉光放电的电场，并且使得几乎瞬时转换到高电流螺线管放电以响应于正常情况形成放电等离子体 励磁线圈提供的场。

公开(公告)号：US4196374A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-01

申请号：US969305

申请日：1978-12-14

申请人： Harald L. Witting

发明人： Harald L. Witting

IPC分类号： H01J9/24 ,  H01J61/10 ,  H01J17/34 ,  H01J9/18 ,  H01J9/38

CPC分类号： H01J9/247 ,  H01J61/103 ,  Y02B20/19

摘要： A compact fluorescent lamp comprises a substantially cylindrical, tapered envelope with a correspondingly tapered partition disposed within the envelope so as to define a folded discharge path having a length approximately twice the length of the envelope. The taper of the partition and envelope permit easy assembly of the lamp with minimal disturbance of a prior applied phosphor coating. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the partition is formed using shaping wedges applied to a partially molten glass bulb so as to produce a seamed partition extending almost to the closed end of the bulb. The partition in the lamps of the present invention sealably separate one discharge path portion from another.

摘要翻译： 紧凑型荧光灯包括基本上圆柱形的锥形封套，其具有设置在封套内的相应的锥形隔板，以便限定具有长度为封套长度的两倍的折叠放电路径。 分隔件和外壳的锥度可以很容易地组装灯泡，同时对现有应用的磷光体涂层的干扰最小。 根据本发明的一个实施例，使用施加到部分熔融玻璃灯泡的成形楔形成隔板，以便产生几乎延伸到灯泡的封闭端的接缝隔板。 本发明的灯具中的隔板将一个放电路径部分与另一个放电路径部分密封地分开。

公开(公告)号：US5032757A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-16

申请号：US489319

申请日：1990-03-05

申请人： Harald L. Witting

发明人： Harald L. Witting

IPC分类号： H01J61/35 ,  H01J65/04

CPC分类号： H01J65/048 ,  H01J61/35

摘要： An electrodeless high intensity discharge lamp having an excitation coil disposed about an arc tube includes thermal apparatus for ensuring that a metal halide condensate forms a protective film on the portion of the arc tube which is nearest the plasma arc discharge during lamp operation. For a short, cylindrical arc tube, the thermal apparatus comprises a heat shield situated on the top and/or bottom thereof. In one embodiment, the bottom of the arc tube is concave to ensure that the condensate does not collect on the bottom of the arc tube. The excitation coil may be situated sufficiently close to the arc tube to ensure that enough heat is removed from the side wall of the arc tube to a heat sink so that the protective metal halide film forms on the inner surface of the arc tube wall. An outer glass envelope is preferably situated between the arc tube and the excitation coil, which envelope also functions to remove heat from the arc tube side wall.

公开(公告)号：US4129895A

公开(公告)日：1978-12-12

申请号：US770508

申请日：1977-02-22

申请人： Harald L. Witting

发明人： Harald L. Witting

IPC分类号： F02C3/08 ,  F02P3/08 ,  F02P9/00 ,  F02P15/00 ,  H01T15/02

CPC分类号： F02P3/0838 ,  F02P15/003 ,  F02P9/007

摘要： Jet engine fuel igniters are excited with a current waveform which maintains an intermediate current value until a discharge has separated from the igniter surface. The current then rises to a higher level to provide sufficient energy for ignition of an air-fuel mixture. Ignition reliability is thus increased and the effects of erosion on the igniter surface are decreased.

摘要翻译： 喷气式发动机燃料点火器被电流波形激励，该电流波形保持中间电流值，直到放电与点火器表面分离。 电流然后上升到更高的水平以提供足够的能量来点燃空气 - 燃料混合物。 因此，点火可靠性增加，并且降低对点火器表面的侵蚀的影响。

公开(公告)号：US5098326A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-24

申请号：US627110

申请日：1990-12-13

申请人： Thomas Gorczyca ,  Harald L. Witting

发明人： Thomas Gorczyca ,  Harald L. Witting

IPC分类号： H01J9/20

CPC分类号： H01J9/20

摘要： A method for applying a protective coating to the inner surface of the arc tube of a high-intensity metal halide discharge lamp involves dosing the arc tube with an inert gas that is doped with a metal hydride gas. Preferably, the metal hydride gas comprises silane. The arc tube is heated to a sufficiently high temperature to decompose the silane gas. As a result, silicon is deposited as a protective coating on the inner surface of the arc tube wall. The hydrogen gas that is generated by the silane decomposition is removed from the system either by pumping it out before dosing the arc tube with the final arc tube fill, or by diffusion through the arc tube wall during operation of the lamp.

摘要翻译： 将保护涂层施加到高强度金属卤化物放电灯的电弧管的内表面的方法包括用掺杂有金属氢化物气体的惰性气体对电弧管进行计量。 优选地，金属氢化物气体包括硅烷。 将电弧管加热到足够高的温度以分解硅烷气体。 结果，将硅作为保护涂层沉积在电弧管壁的内表面上。 通过硅烷分解产生的氢气可以通过在用最终的电弧管填充给电弧管配料之前将其泵出，或者在灯的操作期间通过电弧管壁的扩散而从系统中除去。

公开(公告)号：US4894590A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-16

申请号：US226584

申请日：1988-08-01

申请人： Harald L. Witting

发明人： Harald L. Witting

IPC分类号： H01J61/54 ,  H01J65/04

CPC分类号： H01J65/048

摘要： A single starting electrode is provided for an electrodeless high-intensity-discharge lamp arc of the type having an arc tube situated within the bore of an excitation coil and in the interior of which arc tube is to be provided a plasma arc discharge driven by the excitation coil. The starting electrode is a conductive conical spiral having a narrower end disposed adjacent to one of the arc tube surfaces. A high voltage is formed by induction, as the spiral electrode receives an RF magnetic flux, to cause an electric field to be produced sufficient to create a glow discharge in the arc tube, and cause a rapid transition to a high-current solenoidal discharge to form the discharge plasma responsive to the normal field provided by the excitation coil.

摘要翻译： 为无电极的高强度放电灯电弧提供单个起始电极，该电弧具有位于励磁线圈的孔内的电弧管，并且在其内部设有用于由等离子体电弧放电 励磁线圈。 起始电极是导电锥形螺旋，其具有邻近一个电弧管表面设置的较窄端。 通过感应形成高电压，因为螺旋电极接收RF磁通，以产生足以在电弧管中产生辉光放电的电场，并且迅速转变到大电流螺线管放电 响应于由励磁线圈提供的法向场而形成放电等离子体。

公开(公告)号：US5438235A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-01

申请号：US131544

申请日：1993-10-05

申请人： Timothy J. Sommerer ,  Hseuh-Rong Chang ,  Arthur Klein, III ,  Victor D. Roberts ,  Harald L. Witting ,  George A. Farrall

发明人： Timothy J. Sommerer ,  Hseuh-Rong Chang ,  Arthur Klein, III ,  Victor D. Roberts ,  Harald L. Witting ,  George A. Farrall

IPC分类号： H05B41/24 ,  H01J1/50 ,  H01J61/04 ,  H01J61/12 ,  H01J61/35 ,  H01J65/00 ,  H01J65/04 ,  H01J61/00

CPC分类号： H01J61/35 ,  H01J1/50 ,  H01J61/04 ,  H01J61/125 ,  H01J65/048

摘要： An electrostatic shield is provided between the induction coil and the arc tube of an electrodeless HID lamp. In one embodiment, the shield is a transparent glass cylinder coated with a thin, transparent, conductive layer of tin oxide. In another embodiment, the electrostatic shield is a conductive, transparent tin oxide coating applied to either the inner or outer surface of an outer light-transmissive jacket surrounding the arc tube. The tin oxide layer is discontinuous so as to minimize currents induced in the conductive tin oxide layer by the induction coil. The thickness of the tin oxide layer is sufficient to make it conductive and form an approximately equipotential surface, thereby shielding the arc tube and plasma discharge from intense electric fields, reducing arc tube wall damage and increasing lamp life. In addition, tin oxide functions as an infrared reflector which returns infrared radiation to the arc tube, resulting in higher efficacy. Other advantages of the electrostatic shield include: a lower color temperature, further improving efficacy; and a lower rate of free iodine formation in lamps employing metal iodide fills, further reducing wall damage.

摘要翻译： 在感应线圈和无电极HID灯的电弧管之间设置静电屏蔽。 在一个实施例中，屏蔽是涂覆有薄的，透明的，导电的氧化锡层的透明玻璃圆筒。 在另一个实施例中，静电屏蔽是施加到围绕电弧管的外部透光护套的内表面或外表面的导电透明氧化锡涂层。 锡氧化物层是不连续的，以便最小化感应线圈在导电氧化锡层中感应的电流。 氧化锡层的厚度足以使其导电并形成大致等电位的表面，从而屏蔽电弧管和等离子体从强电场放电，减少电弧管壁损坏并延长灯的使用寿命。 此外，氧化锡起红外线反射器的作用，其将红外辐射返回到电弧管，导致更高的效能。 静电屏蔽的其他优点包括：降低色温，进一步提高功效; 并且在使用金属碘化物填充物的灯中游离碘形成速率较低，进一步降低壁损伤。

公开(公告)号：US4245155A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-13

申请号：US972450

申请日：1978-12-22

申请人： Harald L. Witting

发明人： Harald L. Witting

IPC分类号： H01J61/22 ,  H05B41/30

CPC分类号： H01J61/22

摘要： A metal vapor discharge lamp includes a cathode comprising a reservoir of liquid cesium. Metallic cesium which is eroded from the cathode surface by the action of the discharge is returned to the reservoir by the combined effects of gravity, evaporation, condensation, and diffusion to provide a highly stable, long-lived lamp.The intense infrared pulse output of cesium vapor discharge lamps of the present invention is well suited for triggering light-activated semiconductor switches through dielectric pipe networks and for pumping neodymium glass or neodymium-YAG lasers.

摘要翻译： 一种金属蒸气放电灯包括一个包括液态铯储存器的阴极。 通过排放作用从阴极表面侵蚀的金属铯通过重力，蒸发，冷凝和扩散的组合效应返回储层，以提供高度稳定的长寿命的灯。 本发明的铯蒸汽放电灯的强烈的红外脉冲输出非常适合于通过介电管网络触发光激活的半导体开关并用于泵送钕玻璃或钕-YAG激光器。

公开(公告)号：US4173728A

公开(公告)日：1979-11-06

申请号：US907792

申请日：1978-05-19

申请人： Harald L. Witting

发明人： Harald L. Witting

IPC分类号： H01J13/08 ,  H01J61/22 ,  H01S3/092 ,  H01J13/00

CPC分类号： H01S3/092 ,  H01J13/08 ,  H01J61/22

摘要： A metal vapor discharge lamp includes a cathode comprising a reservoir of liquid cesium. Metallic cesium which is eroded from the cathode surface by the action of the discharge is returned to the reservoir by the combined effects of gravity, evaporation, condensation, and diffusion to provide a highly stable, long-lived lamp.The intense infrared pulse output of cesium vapor discharge lamps of the present invention is well suited for triggering light-activated semiconductor switches through dielectric pipe networks and for pumping neodymium glass or neodymium-YAG lasers.

摘要翻译： 一种金属蒸气放电灯包括一个包括液态铯储存器的阴极。 通过排放作用从阴极表面侵蚀的金属铯通过重力，蒸发，冷凝和扩散的组合效应返回储层，以提供高度稳定的长寿命的灯。 本发明的铯蒸汽放电灯的强烈的红外脉冲输出非常适合于通过介电管网络触发光激活的半导体开关并用于泵送钕玻璃或钕-YAG激光器。