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    Acoustic scan conversion method and apparatus for velocity flow
    1.
    发明授权
    Acoustic scan conversion method and apparatus for velocity flow 失效
    声速扫描转换方法及装置

    公开(公告)号：US5429137A

    公开(公告)日：1995-07-04

    申请号：US253632

    申请日：1994-06-03

    申请人： Robert N. Phelps ,  Zoran B. Banjanin ,  Jin Kim

    发明人： Robert N. Phelps ,  Zoran B. Banjanin ,  Jin Kim

    IPC分类号： A61B8/06 ,  G01P5/00 ,  G01P5/24 ,  G01S7/52 ,  G01S15/50 ,  G01S15/89

    CPC分类号： G01S15/8979 ,  A61B8/06 ,  A61B8/13 ,  G01P5/001 ,  G01P5/244 ,  G01S7/52071 ,  G01S15/50 ,  G01S7/52044

    摘要： An ultrasound pulsed Doppler system detects Doppler-shifted acoustic pulses reflected from moving material in a body and received by a transducer, and displays the velocity field of the material on a screen in a color flow format together with the black-and-white display of the ultrasound B-mode of the body. The system detects the average velocity of the material at a plurality of localized sample regions in the body by determining the complex correlation function for pairs of reflected signals from each sample region that are received by the transducer, where the complex phase of the correlation function is proportional to the velocity of the material, projected along the ray from the sample region to the transducer. The display constitutes an array of pixels, and the system determines a value at each pixel that represents the velocity for the material at the location imaged by the pixel. These velocity values are determined by selecting, for each pixel, a plurality of sample regions having images neighboring the pixel, and interpolating separately the real and imaginary parts of the complex correlation value from these sample regions. These interpolated complex correlation function values are used to determine the velocity value for the pixel. The interpolation is carried out using a 2.times.4 kernel, with 2-point interpolation along the dimension of the ray and 4-point interpolation along the perpendicular azimuthal dimension. In a further improvement, the system also displays the flow turbulence field in a color flow format by determining the average power in the reflected signals from each sample region, interpolating these values to obtain a pixel power value, and using this value and the magnitude of the complex correlation function value to obtain a turbulence estimate value.

    摘要翻译： 超声波脉冲多普勒检测系统检测体内由移动材料反射并被换能器接收的多普勒频移声波脉冲，并将该材料的速度场与彩色流动格式一起显示在屏幕上，并显示黑白显示 超声B型身体。 该系统通过确定由换能器接收的来自每个采样区域的反射信号对的复数相关函数来检测身体中多个局部采样区域处的材料的平均速度，其中相关函数的复相位为 与材料的速度成比例，沿着从样品区域到换能器的射线投影。 显示器构成像素阵列，并且系统确定每个像素处的值，其表示由像素成像的位置处的材料的速度。 通过为每个像素选择具有与像素相邻的图像的多个采样区域，并且分别从这些采样区域分别复合相关值的实部和虚部来确定这些速度值。 这些内插的复相关函数值用于确定像素的速度值。 使用2x4内核进行插值，沿着光线的尺寸进行2点插值，并沿着垂直方位角度进行4点插值。 在进一步的改进中，系统还通过确定来自每个采样区域的反射信号的平均功率，内插这些值以获得像素功率值，并且使用该值和幅度的大小来显示彩色流格式的流动湍流场 复相关函数值以获得湍流估计值。

    System and method for re-orderable nonlinear echo processing
    2.
    发明授权
    System and method for re-orderable nonlinear echo processing 失效
    用于重新排序的非线性回波处理的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06689060B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-02-10

    申请号：US09797213

    申请日：2001-02-28

    申请人： Robert N. Phelps ,  Hong Wang ,  Zoran B. Banjanin ,  Paul T. Kuhn

    发明人： Robert N. Phelps ,  Hong Wang ,  Zoran B. Banjanin ,  Paul T. Kuhn

    IPC分类号： A61B800

    CPC分类号： G01S15/8977 ,  G01S7/52025

    摘要： An image processing system according to an implementation of the invention includes a plurality of signal processing modules (210, 212, 214, 216, 218, 220, 222, 224, 226) inline in a data stream receiving signals. The signal processing modules include input multiplexers (234a-234i) adapted to control an order of or bypassing of processing by the signal processing modules. The signal processing modules may be implemented as hardware-based, nonlinear signal processing modules, such as log compress, decimation, compounding, blending, edge enhancement, automatic gain control, BHNS, lateral, or persistence filters.

    摘要翻译： 根据本发明的实现的图像处理系统包括在接收信号的数据流中内联的多个信号处理模块（210,212,214,216,218,220,222,224,226）。 信号处理模块包括适于控制信号处理模块的处理顺序或旁路处理的输入多路复用器（234a-234i）。 信号处理模块可以被实现为基于硬件的非线性信号处理模块，例如对数压缩，抽取，复合，混合，边缘增强，自动增益控制，BHNS，横向或持续性滤波器。

    Transmit and receive isolation for ultrasound scanning and methods of use
    5.
    发明授权
    Transmit and receive isolation for ultrasound scanning and methods of use 有权

    公开(公告)号：US06806623B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-10-19

    申请号：US10185404

    申请日：2002-06-27

    申请人： David A. Petersen ,  John C. Lazenby ,  Robert P. Hunt ,  Robert N. Phelps

    发明人： David A. Petersen ,  John C. Lazenby ,  Robert P. Hunt ,  Robert N. Phelps

    IPC分类号： H01L4108

    CPC分类号： G01S7/5208 ,  A61B8/483 ,  B06B1/0622 ,  G01S7/003 ,  G01S7/52019 ,  G01S15/8925 ,  G01S15/8961 ,  G10K11/346

    摘要： Methods and systems for isolating transmit and receive circuitry at an ultrasound transducer element are provided. Separate electrodes or electrodes on opposite sides of a transducer element are connected to the separate transmit and receive paths or channels. Instead of high voltage transmit and receive switching, the transducer element isolates the transmit channel from the receive channel. The transmit channel includes circuitry for limiting the voltage at one electrode during receive processing, such as a switch operable to connect the electrode to ground. The receive channel includes circuitry for limiting the voltage at an electrode during transmit processing, such as a diode clamp preventing voltage swings greater than diode voltage at the electrode. Limiting the voltage provides virtual grounding or a direct current for either of the transmit or receive operation. Using a transmit channel discussed above or other transmit channels, a unipolar pulse may be generated starting at one voltage and ending at a different voltage. For example, a unipolar pulse is generated starting at a zero voltage value and ending on a positive voltage value. A subsequent unipolar pulse is transmitted by starting at the positive voltage value and ending on the zero voltage value. These mirrored unipolar transmit waveforms may be used for phase inversion imaging, such as adding responsive received signals for isolating harmonic information.

    Two dimensional array switching for beamforming in a volume
    6.
    发明授权
    Two dimensional array switching for beamforming in a volume 有权
    用于体积波束成形的二维阵列切换

    公开(公告)号：US06676602B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-01-13

    申请号：US10202922

    申请日：2002-07-25

    申请人： Stephen R. Barnes ,  Todor Sheljaskow ,  Robert N. Phelps

    发明人： Stephen R. Barnes ,  Todor Sheljaskow ,  Robert N. Phelps

    IPC分类号： A61B800

    CPC分类号： G10K11/346 ,  A61B8/483

    摘要： Methods and systems for electronically scanning within a three dimensional volume while minimizing the number of system channels and associated cables connecting a two-dimensional array of elements to an ultrasound system are provided. An array of semiconductor or micro-machined switches electronically interconnect various elements of the two-dimensional array. Elements associated with a substantially same time delay are connected together as a macro element, reducing the number of independent elements to be connected to beamforming or system channels. To beam form in the desired direction, the macro elements are configured as a phased array or along substantially straight lines in at least two dimensions (i.e. along the face of the two-dimensional transducer). Such macro elements allow transmission and reception along beams that are at an angle other than normal to the two-dimensional transducer array. Beams at such angles may be used to acquire information beyond the azimuth and elevation extent of the two-dimensional array. Various configurations of macro elements are possible. For example, the macro elements in each configuration are parallel across the two-dimensional array, but different configurations are associated with rotation of the macro elements such that each configuration is at a different angle on the two-dimensional array. As another example, the macro elements are configured in a plurality of separate rows of parallel macro elements (i.e. configured as a 1.25D, 1.5D or 1.75D array of macro elements). Two or more switches are provided for each system channel, allowing for rotation of macro. elements. The different rotation positions of macro elements defines different two-dimensional scan planes within the three-dimensional volume. Two, three or more switches are provided for each element to interconnect the elements in many possible combinations.

    摘要翻译： 提供了在三维体积内电子扫描的方法和系统，同时最小化将二维阵列元素连接到超声系统的系统通道和相关电缆的数量最小化。 半导体或微加工开关的阵列电连接二维阵列的各种元件。 与基本相同的时间延迟相关联的元件作为宏元件连接在一起，减少要连接到波束形成或系统通道的独立元件的数量。 为了在期望的方向上波束形成，宏元件被配置为相控阵列，或者沿着至少两个维度（即沿着二维换能器的面）的大致直线构成。 这样的宏元件允许沿着与二维换能器阵列垂直的角度的波束的发射和接收。 以这种角度的光束可以用于获取超出二维阵列的方位和仰角的信息。 宏元素的各种配置是可能的。 例如，每个配置中的宏元素在二维阵列上是平行的，但是不同的配置与宏元素的旋转相关联，使得每个配置在二维阵列上处于不同的角度。 作为另一示例，宏元素被配置在并行宏元素的多个单独行中（即配置为1.25D，1.5D或1.75D的宏元素阵列）。 为每个系统通道提供两个或更多个开关，允许宏的旋转。 元素。 宏元素的不同旋转位置在三维体积内定义不同的二维扫描平面。 为每个元件提供两个，三个或更多个开关以以许多可能的组合来互连元件。

    Dynamic sub-array mapping systems and methods for ultrasound imaging
    7.
    发明授权
    Dynamic sub-array mapping systems and methods for ultrasound imaging 有权
    动态子阵列映射系统和超声成像方法

    公开(公告)号：US07635334B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-22

    申请号：US10834779

    申请日：2004-04-28

    申请人： Robert N. Phelps

    发明人： Robert N. Phelps

    IPC分类号： A61B8/00

    CPC分类号： G01S7/5208 ,  G01S15/8925 ,  G01S15/8927 ,  G10K11/346

    摘要： Elements within each of a plurality of sub-arrays are dynamically grouped as a function of the steering direction. The dynamic grouping allows for partial beamforming with more similar delays within each grouping of elements within the sub-array. A plurality of partial beamformers is provided for each sub-array. Different ones of the elements are mapped to different ones of the partial beamformers as a function of the steering direction. As used herein, steering direction includes one or more of a focal location, a scan line angle, a scan line origin or other beamforming parameters associated with establishing a relative delay between elements. The shape or grouping of elements is changed at the beginning of any acquisition cycle, such as the beginning of transmit and receive operation for a given steering direction. Dynamic sub-array mapping may minimize negative effects of sub-array partial beamforming by providing an optimal shape of the sub-array groupings based on the steering direction.

    摘要翻译： 作为转向方向的函数，多个子阵列中的每一个内的元素被动态分组。 动态分组允许在子阵列内的每个元素组内具有更相似的延迟的部分波束成形。 为每个子阵列提供多个部分波束形成器。 作为转向方向的函数，不同的元件被映射到不同的部分波束形成器。 如本文所使用的，转向方向包括与建立元件之间的相对延迟相关联的焦点位置，扫描线角度，扫描线原点或其他波束成形参数中的一个或多个。 元件的形状或分组在任何采集周期开始时被改变，例如对于给定转向方向的发射和接收操作的开始。 动态子阵列映射可以通过基于转向方向提供子阵列分组的最佳形状来最小化子阵列部分波束成形的负面影响。

    SCALABLE ULTRASOUND SYSTEM AND METHODS
    8.
    发明申请
    SCALABLE ULTRASOUND SYSTEM AND METHODS 有权
    可扩展超声系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20090007414A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-01-08

    申请号：US12234470

    申请日：2008-09-19

    申请人： Robert N. Phelps ,  David A. Petersen ,  John C. Lazenby

    发明人： Robert N. Phelps ,  David A. Petersen ,  John C. Lazenby

    IPC分类号： H04R31/00

    CPC分类号： G01S7/52023 ,  A61B8/4427 ,  G01S7/52046 ,  G01S7/5208 ,  G01S7/52096 ,  G10K11/341 ,  Y10T29/49005 ,  Y10T29/4902 ,  Y10T29/4908 ,  Y10T29/49172 ,  Y10T29/49194

    摘要： A plurality of application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chips with different functions is provided. Each of the ASICs performs one or more functions along an ultrasound data path. The chips include communications protocols or processes for allowing scaling. For example, ASICs for backend processing include data exchange ports for communicating between other ASICs of the same type. As another example, receive beamformer ASICs cascade for beamformation. By providing ASICs implementing many or most of the ultrasound data path functions, with scalability, the same ASICs may be used for different system designs. A family of systems from high end to low-end using the same types of ASICs, but in different configurations, is provided.

    摘要翻译： 提供了具有不同功能的多个专用集成电路（ASIC）芯片。 每个ASIC沿着超声数据路径执行一个或多个功能。 这些芯片包括用于允许缩放的通信协议或过程。 例如，用于后端处理的ASIC包括用于在相同类型的其它ASIC之间进行通信的数据交换端口。 作为另一示例，接收波束形成器ASIC级联用于波束形成。 通过提供实现多个或大多数超声数据路径功能的ASIC，具有可扩展性，相同的ASIC可用于不同的系统设计。 提供了使用相同类型的ASIC，但在不同配置中的从高端到低端的系统系列。

    Element mapping and transmitter for continuous wave ultrasound imaging
    10.
    发明授权
    Element mapping and transmitter for continuous wave ultrasound imaging 有权
    用于连续波超声成像的元件映射和发射器

    公开(公告)号：US07794400B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-09-14

    申请号：US10787672

    申请日：2004-02-26

    申请人： Robert N. Phelps ,  David A. Petersen

    发明人： Robert N. Phelps ,  David A. Petersen

    IPC分类号： A61B8/00

    CPC分类号： G01S15/8927 ,  A61B8/12 ,  A61B8/4488 ,  G01S7/52019 ,  G01S7/5208

    摘要： Element mapping and transmission of continuous waves are provided ultrasound imaging. For use with multiple dimensional or large arrays, the number of receive beamformer channels or associated cables connecting the transducer array to the receive beamformer may be limited. Subarrays of signals from different elements associated with similar phasing are combined without switching. The combined subarray signals are then received beamformed to generate a continuous wave image. Receive channels without clocking or beamforming prior to a steered continuous wave Doppler beamformer maximize dynamic range and reduce the power consumption. For further or different optimization of steering continuous waves, low voltage transmitters separate from high voltage transmitters are provided for a plurality of elements.

    摘要翻译： 提供连续波的元素映射和传输超声成像。 为了与多维或大阵列一起使用，可以限制将换能器阵列连接到接收波束形成器的接收波束形成器通道或相关电缆的数量。 来自与类似定相相关联的不同元件的信号的子阵列被组合而不需要切换。 然后接收波束形成的组合子阵列信号以产生连续波图像。 在导向连续波多普勒波束形成器之前，无需时钟或波束成形的接收通道最大化动态范围并降低功耗。 为了进一步或不同的转向连续波的优化，为多个元件提供与高压发射器分离的低电压发射器。