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公开(公告)号：US06437751B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US09639361
申请日：2000-08-15
IPC分类号： H01Q1112
摘要： An electromagnetic antenna includes a multiply connected surface, such as a toroidal surface; first and second insulated conductors; and first and second signal terminals. The first insulated conductor extends around and over the surface with a first pitch or winding sense from a first node to a second node. The second insulated conductor also extends around and over the surface with a second pitch or winding sense, which is opposite from the first pitch or winding sense, from a third node to a fourth node. The first and second insulated conductors are contrawound relative to each other around and over the surface. In one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the nodes is open. In other embodiments of the invention, the signal terminals are structured for connection to a cooperative antenna structure.
摘要翻译： 电磁天线包括诸如环形表面的多重连接表面; 第一和第二绝缘导体; 以及第一和第二信号端子。 第一绝缘导体从第一节点到第二节点以第一节距或绕组的方式在表面周围和上方延伸。 第二绝缘导体也以与第一节距或绕组方向相反的第二节距或绕组方向从第三节点延伸到第四节点周围和表面上。 第一和第二绝缘导体相对于彼此围绕和超过表面进行调整。 在本发明的一个实施例中，节点中的至少一个是开放的。 在本发明的其他实施例中，信号端子被构造成用于连接到协作天线结构。
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公开(公告)号：US06300920B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-09
申请号：US09637525
申请日：2000-08-10
IPC分类号： H01Q136
CPC分类号： H01Q21/205 , H01Q7/00 , H01Q9/265
摘要： An electromagnetic antenna includes a multiply connected surface, such as a toroidal surface; a first conductive loop proximate to the toroidal surface; a second conductive loop proximate to the toroidal surface; first and second signal carrying terminals electrically or magnetically connected to the first and second conductive loops, respectively; and a plurality of conductive transceiver elements, such as plural pairs of contrawound insulated conductor windings. Each pair of the contrawound insulated conductor windings has a first end, a plurality of turns, and a second end, and extends around and at least partially about the toroidal surface. Each pair of these windings is electrically connected to the first and second conductive loops. The first end of the windings is electrically connected to one of the first and second conductive loops, and the second end of the windings is electrically connected to the other of the first and second conductive loops.
摘要翻译： 电磁天线包括诸如环形表面的多重连接表面; 邻近环形表面的第一导电环路; 接近环形表面的第二导电环; 第一和第二信号载体端子分别电或磁性地连接到第一和第二导电环路; 以及多个导电收发器元件，例如多对对绞绝缘导体绕组。 每对对绞绝缘导体绕组具有第一端，多个匝和第二端，并且围绕环形表面延伸并且至少部分地围绕环形表面延伸。 这些绕组中的每一对电连接到第一和第二导电环。 绕组的第一端电连接到第一和第二导电回路中的一个，并且绕组的第二端电连接到第一和第二导电回路中的另一个。
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公开(公告)号：US06621916B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-16
申请号：US09389675
申请日：1999-09-02
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G01J3/0291 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0208 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/42 , G07D7/1205
摘要： A method and apparatus for verifying the authenticity of a document relative to a previously programmed document are disclosed. The method provides a broadband light source; illuminates a document with the light source; collects reflected light; converts it into a corresponding electrical signal or signals; digitizes the electrical signals; and prepares a spectral signature of the document for further analysis. The spectral signature can also be normalized to account for variations in analyzed documents caused by soiling and fading. The method also provides for comparing a previously programmed and stored spectral signature to the spectral signature of a test document using a matching value to indicate whether the test document is authentic or not. The apparatus provides a device for application of the method for verifying document authenticity.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于验证文档相对于先前编程的文档的真实性的方法和装置。 该方法提供宽带光源; 用光源照亮文件; 收集反射光; 将其转换为相应的电信号或信号; 数字化电信号; 并准备文档的光谱签名进行进一步分析。 光谱特征也可以归一化以考虑由污染和衰落引起的分析文件中的变化。 该方法还提供了使用匹配值将先前编程和存储的光谱特征与测试文档的光谱签名进行比较，以指示测试文档是否可信。 该装置提供了用于验证文档真实性的方法的应用的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US20150285611A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-08
申请号：US14263514
申请日：2014-04-28
申请人： Andrew D. Lowery , Franz A. Pertl , James E. Smith
发明人： Andrew D. Lowery , Franz A. Pertl , James E. Smith
IPC分类号： G01B7/004
CPC分类号： G01C21/00 , G01R33/0005
摘要： An object tracking system includes a sensor grid having a plurality of sensor clusters configured to sense the presence of a magnetic field of an object. Each sensor cluster includes three or more single-axis magnetic sensors. The sensors in a cluster may be arranged with their axes parallel to one another. The sensor grid may account for ambient magnetic noise by measuring the magnetic field in a zone a distance away from the object to update the ambient magnetic field noise measurement. The sensor grid or a portion thereof may include a plurality of sensors printed on a common sheet. The sensor grid may comprise one or more sheets overlapped or interconnected. The system may track an object and determine up to three degrees of positioning and three degrees of orientation by using a geometric solution of the intercepts of magnetic field strengths obtained from information collected by the magnetic sensors.
摘要翻译： 对象跟踪系统包括传感器网格，其具有被配置为感测物体的磁场的存在的多个传感器簇。 每个传感器群集包括三个或更多个单轴磁性传感器。 簇中的传感器可以被布置成使得它们的轴彼此平行。 传感器网格可以通过测量距离物体一定距离的区域中的磁场来解决环境磁噪声，以更新环境磁场噪声测量。 传感器网格或其一部分可以包括印刷在公共片材上的多个传感器。 传感器网格可以包括重叠或互连的一个或多个片。 该系统可以通过使用由磁传感器收集的信息获得的磁场强度的截距的几何解来跟踪物体并确定三个定位度和三个取向度。
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公开(公告)号：US20110175691A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-21
申请号：US12756920
申请日：2010-04-08
申请人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl
发明人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl
IPC分类号： H01P7/04
CPC分类号： F02P9/007 , F02P3/01 , F02P23/045 , H01J37/32091 , H01T9/00 , H01T13/50 , H01T19/00
摘要： A quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator for producing corona discharge plasma from is presented. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator has a folded cavity made of opposing concentric cavity members that are nested together to form a continuous cavity ending in a aperture. A center conductor with a tip is positioned in the cavity. The folded cavity advantageously permits the coaxial cavity resonator to resonate at a lower operating frequency than an unfolded quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of the same length. Embodiments of the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator use narrower apertures to reduce radiative losses, and include center conductors that are reactive load elements, such as helical coils. When a radio frequency (RF) oscillation is produced in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator, corona discharge plasma is formed at the tip of the center conductor. The corona discharge plasma can be used to ignite combustible materials in combustion chambers of combustion engines.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于产生电晕放电等离子体的四分之一波长的同轴谐振腔。 四分之一波同轴腔谐振器具有由相对的同心腔构件制成的折叠空腔，其嵌套在一起以形成终止于孔中的连续空腔。 具有尖端的中心导体位于空腔中。 折叠腔有利地允许同轴空腔谐振器在比相同长度的展开的四分之一波长的同轴谐振腔更低的工作频率下谐振。 四分之一波长同轴腔谐振器的实施例使用较窄的孔径以减少辐射损耗，并且包括作为无功负载元件（例如螺旋线圈）的中心导体。 当在四分之一波同轴腔谐振器中产生射频（RF）振荡时，在中心导体的尖端处形成电晕放电等离子体。 电晕放电等离子体可用于点燃内燃机燃烧室中的可燃材料。
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公开(公告)号：US08783220B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-22
申请号：US12721231
申请日：2010-03-10
申请人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl
发明人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl
CPC分类号： H01T19/00 , F02P3/01 , F02P9/007 , F02P23/045 , H05H1/46 , H05H2001/4682
摘要： An apparatus and method for igniting combustible materials in a combustion chamber of a combustion engine using corona discharge plasma from a quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator. A tapered quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator is adapted to mate with the combustion chamber. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator is coupled with an energy shaping means, or waveform generator, that develops the appropriate waveform for triggering radio frequency oscillations in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator. A loop coupling is angularly positioned within the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator to match impedances between the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator and the energy shaping means, or waveform generator. Radio frequency oscillations produce a standing wave in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator and a corona discharge plasma develops near the center conductor. The corona discharge plasma developed near the center conductor ignites the combustible materials in the combustion chamber of the combustion engine.
摘要翻译： 使用来自四分之一波同轴腔谐振器的电晕放电等离子体来点燃内燃机的燃烧室中的可燃材料的装置和方法。 锥形四分之一波长同轴腔谐振器适于与燃烧室配合。 四分之一波同轴腔谐振器与能量整形装置或波形发生器耦合，该能量整形装置或波形发生器产生用于触发四分之一波同轴腔谐振器中的射频振荡的适当波形。 环耦合角度地定位在四分之一波同轴腔共振腔内，以匹配四分之一波同轴腔谐振器和能量整形装置或波形发生器之间的阻抗。 射频振荡在四分之一波同轴腔谐振器中产生驻波，在中心导体附近产生电晕放电等离子体。 在中心导体附近产生的电晕放电等离子体点燃了内燃机燃烧室内的可燃材料。
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公开(公告)号：US07721697B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-25
申请号：US12023770
申请日：2008-01-31
申请人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl
发明人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl
CPC分类号： F02P23/045 , F02P3/01 , F02P9/007
摘要： An apparatus and method for igniting combustible materials in a combustion chamber of a combustion engine using corona discharge plasma from a coaxial cavity resonator. This system and method uses a coaxial cavity resonator in a body adapted to mate with a combustion chamber of a combustion engine. The coaxial cavity resonator is coupled with an energy shaping means that develops the appropriate waveform for triggering radio frequency oscillations in the coaxial cavity resonator. A connection means on the apparatus allows for the apparatus to accept an electrical ignition stimulus from an electronic ignition control system. The coaxial cavity resonator develops corona discharge plasma at a discharge electrode when a sustained radio frequency oscillation results in a standing wave in the coaxial cavity resonator. The corona discharge plasma developed near the discharge electrode ignites the combustible materials in the combustion chamber of the combustion engine.
摘要翻译： 一种用于使用来自同轴腔谐振器的电晕放电等离子体点燃内燃机的燃烧室中的可燃材料的装置和方法。 该系统和方法在适于与内燃机的燃烧室配合的主体中使用同轴空腔谐振器。 同轴空腔谐振器与能量整形装置耦合，该能量整形装置产生用于触发同轴腔谐振器中的射频振荡的适当波形。 设备上的连接装置允许设备接受来自电子点火控制系统的点火电刺激。 当持续射频振荡导致同轴空腔谐振器中的驻波时，同轴空腔谐振器在放电电极处形成电晕放电等离子体。 在放电电极附近产生的电晕放电等离子体点燃了内燃机燃烧室内的可燃材料。
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公开(公告)号：US20090194051A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-06
申请号：US12023770
申请日：2008-01-31
申请人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl
发明人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl
IPC分类号： F02B23/00
CPC分类号： F02P23/045 , F02P3/01 , F02P9/007
摘要： An apparatus and method for igniting combustible materials in a combustion chamber of a combustion engine using corona discharge plasma from a coaxial cavity resonator. This system and method uses a coaxial cavity resonator in a body adapted to mate with a combustion chamber of a combustion engine. The coaxial cavity resonator is coupled with an energy shaping means that develops the appropriate waveform for triggering radio frequency oscillations in the coaxial cavity resonator. A connection means on the apparatus allows for the apparatus to accept an electrical ignition stimulus from an electronic ignition control system. The coaxial cavity resonator develops corona discharge plasma at a discharge electrode when a sustained radio frequency oscillation results in a standing wave in the coaxial cavity resonator. The corona discharge plasma developed near the discharge electrode ignites the combustible materials in the combustion chamber of the combustion engine.
摘要翻译： 一种用于使用来自同轴腔谐振器的电晕放电等离子体点燃内燃机的燃烧室中的可燃材料的装置和方法。 该系统和方法在适于与内燃机的燃烧室配合的主体中使用同轴空腔谐振器。 同轴空腔谐振器与能量整形装置耦合，该能量整形装置形成用于触发同轴空腔谐振器中的射频振荡的适当波形。 设备上的连接装置允许设备接受来自电子点火控制系统的点火电刺激。 当持续射频振荡导致同轴空腔谐振器中的驻波时，同轴空腔谐振器在放电电极处形成电晕放电等离子体。 在放电电极附近产生的电晕放电等离子体点燃了内燃机燃烧室内的可燃材料。
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公开(公告)号：US20120014792A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-19
申请号：US13148814
申请日：2010-02-09
申请人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl , Gerald M. Angle, II , Christina N. Yarborough , Andrew J. Nawrocki , Jay P. Wilhelm , Kenneth A. Williams
发明人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl , Gerald M. Angle, II , Christina N. Yarborough , Andrew J. Nawrocki , Jay P. Wilhelm , Kenneth A. Williams
CPC分类号： F03D7/06 , F05B2260/80 , F05B2270/304 , F05B2270/32 , F05B2270/321 , F05B2270/323 , F05B2270/324 , Y02E10/721
摘要： A circulation controlled vertical axis wind turbine is presented. The circulation controlled vertical axis wind turbine comprise one or more airfoils in communication with the turbine via a rotatable support shaft and an airfoil support structure. The one or more airfoils have a blowing slot disposed near the trailing edge, and a controller and control means modulates a flow of air between the blowing slot and an internal cavity of the airfoil.
摘要翻译： 提出了循环控制的垂直轴风力发电机。 循环受控垂直轴风力涡轮机包括经由可旋转的支撑轴和翼型件支撑结构与涡轮连通的一个或多个翼型件。 一个或多个翼型件具有设置在后缘附近的吹风槽，并且控制器和控制装置调节吹风槽和翼型件的内腔之间的空气流。
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公开(公告)号：US20120003090A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-05
申请号：US13148802
申请日：2010-02-09
申请人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl , Gerald M. Angle, II , Christina N. Yarborough , Andrew J. Nawrocki , Jay P. Wilhelm , Kenneth A. Williams
发明人： James E. Smith , Franz A. Pertl , Gerald M. Angle, II , Christina N. Yarborough , Andrew J. Nawrocki , Jay P. Wilhelm , Kenneth A. Williams
CPC分类号： F03D7/06 , F05B2260/80 , F05B2270/304 , F05B2270/32 , F05B2270/321 , F05B2270/323 , F05B2270/324 , Y02E10/721
摘要： A airfoil blade for vertical axis wind turbines is presented. The airfoil blade comprises an internal cavity, an upper blowing slot disposed on the airfoil blade, and a lower blowing slot on the airfoil blade, and further comprises a valve means for variably connecting the outside air to the internal cavity through the blowing slots to selectively produce a variable lift-drag condition of said airfoil blade.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于垂直轴风力涡轮机的翼型叶片。 翼型叶片包括内腔，设置在翼型叶片上的上吹风槽和翼型叶片上的下吹风槽，还包括用于通过吹风槽将外部空气可变地连接到内腔的阀装置，以选择性地 产生所述翼型叶片的可变升降条件。
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