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公开(公告)号：US06277296B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-21
申请号：US09451115
申请日：1999-11-30
申请人： Robert S. Scheffee , Jamie B. Neidert , Robert E. Black, III , Robert D. Lynch , James D. Martin
发明人： Robert S. Scheffee , Jamie B. Neidert , Robert E. Black, III , Robert D. Lynch , James D. Martin
IPC分类号： A62D106
摘要： Fire suppressant compositions which are substantially free of ammonium nitrate and which comprise potassium nitrate in an amount sufficient to generate at least about 10 wt. % potassium carbonate when combusted. Most preferably, a guanidine salt, such as guanidine nitrate, is used in combination with the potassium nitrate. The compositions employed in the present invention have low pressure exponents, high burning rates and low flame temperatures.
摘要翻译： 防火剂组合物基本上不含硝酸铵，并且其含有足以产生至少约10重量％的量的硝酸钾。 ％碳酸钾燃烧时。 最优选地，将胍盐如硝酸胍与硝酸钾组合使用。 本发明中使用的组合物具有低压指数，高燃烧速率和低火焰温度。
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公开(公告)号：US06228192B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09294134
申请日：1999-04-20
IPC分类号： C06B4510
CPC分类号： C06B45/105 , C06B25/18
摘要： A family of Class 1.3 propellant compositions comprising nitrocellulose, at least one of a selected group of plasticizing nitrate esters, a thermal stabilizer, carbon and an energetic solid, and a method of making the family of propellant compositions is provided.
摘要翻译： 提供了包含硝化纤维素，所选择的增塑硝酸酯类，热稳定剂，碳和能量固体中的至少一种的一类1.3级推进剂组合物，以及制备推进剂组合物族的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06361631B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-26
申请号：US09861775
申请日：2001-05-22
IPC分类号： D03D2300
摘要： Liquid monopropellants for passive vehicle restraint systems (e.g., air bags) include an aqueous solution of a water-soluble oxidizer and a water-soluble organic fuel miscible with the oxidizer. The oxidizer is most preferably ammonium nitrate, hydrogen peroxide or nitric acid, while the fuel is a lower alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or glycerol. The liquid monopropellants will advantageously have an oxidation ratio (OR) of greater than about 0.90.
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公开(公告)号：US5589141A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-31
申请号：US492955
申请日：1995-07-28
IPC分类号： B60R21/26 , B60R21/272 , C06B45/10 , C06D5/00
CPC分类号： B60R21/272 , C06B45/10 , C06D5/00
摘要： Particulate-free non-toxic gases are generated in a hybrid generator device by conducting the ignition of the propellant with an effective oxidizer, using a mixture of a molecular oxygen-containing gas and argon by varying the ratio of said gas to argon to provide only non-toxic reaction products in the exhaust gas.
摘要翻译： 通过使用含分子氧的气体和氩气的混合物通过改变所述气体与氩气的比例仅仅提供，通过用有效氧化剂点燃推进剂而产生无颗粒的无毒气体 废气中的无毒反应产物。
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5.发明授权Nonazide ammonium nitrate based gas generant compositions that burn at ambient pressure 有权在环境压力下燃烧的无氮硝酸铵基气体发生剂组合物
公开(公告)号：US6017404A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-25
申请号：US220015
申请日：1998-12-23
IPC分类号： B60R21/26 , B01J7/00 , C06B31/28 , C06B31/30 , C06B31/32 , C06B43/00 , C06D5/00 , C06D5/06 , C06B47/08 , C06B25/34
摘要： A nonazide gas generant that may be used in an inflation device, such as a vehicle passenger restraint system, comprising a hydrated or anhydrous mixture of nonazide fuel, an oxidizer and a quantity of copper phthalocyanine, otherwise known as Monarch Blue and/or azodicarbonamidine dinitrate. Specifically, the nonazide gas generant composition of the present invention may include phase stabilized ammonium nitrate (PSAN), high bulk density nitroguanidine (HBNQ), one or more nonazide fuels, a quantity of copper phthalocyanine and/or azodicarbonamidine dinitrate and optionally a binder. The gas generant composition of the present invention is capable of self-sustained burning at low or ambient temperatures and pressures, important for use in dual stage "smart" inflator automotive passenger restraint systems, while exhibiting a relatively high gas volume to solid particulate ratio upon combustion at acceptable flame temperatures. The composition also exhibits a tailorable burning rate and properties to preclude catastrophic events during cook off tests.
摘要翻译： 可用于充气装置（例如车辆乘客约束系统）中的非偶氮气体发生剂，其包含非叠氮化物燃料，氧化剂和一定数量的铜酞菁的水合或无水混合物，或称为六酰基蓝和/或二硝基二脒二硝酸盐 。 具体来说，本发明的非偶氮气体发生剂组合物可以包括相稳定化的硝酸铵（PSAN），高堆积密度的硝基胍（HBNQ），一种或多种非叠氮化物燃料，一定量的铜酞菁和/或硝酸偶氮二脒和任选的粘合剂。 本发明的气体发生剂组合物能够在低或环境温度和压力下自我持续燃烧，对于双级“智能”充气机汽车乘客约束系统而言是重要的，同时具有相对较高的气体体积与固体颗粒比率 在可接受的火焰温度下燃烧。 该组合物还表现出可刻划的燃烧速率和性能，以防止烹饪过程中的灾难性事件。
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公开(公告)号：US4504277A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-12
申请号：US484671
申请日：1983-04-13
申请人： Robert S. Scheffee
发明人： Robert S. Scheffee
CPC分类号： C10L1/326
摘要： Coal-water fuel slurries having long-term storage stability and improved viscosities and comprising finely-divided coal within efficient combustion size range, water, and minor amounts of ammonium salt organic dispersant and alkaline earth metal salt organic dispersant, and process for making such slurries.
摘要翻译： 具有长期储存稳定性和改进粘度的煤 - 水燃料浆料，包括在有效燃烧尺寸范围内的细分煤，水和少量铵盐有机分散剂和碱土金属盐有机分散剂，以及制备这种浆料的方法 。
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公开(公告)号：US06435552B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US09466776
申请日：1999-12-20
IPC分类号： B60R2128
CPC分类号： A62D1/06 , C06B25/34 , C06D5/06 , C07C281/16
摘要： A pyrotechnic gas generant composition includes a high oxygen balance compound or fuel, preferably, azodiformamidine dinitrate, which is the resulting reaction product of an aminoguanidine salt and nitric acid. Specifically, the high oxygen balance compound or fuel of the present invention is the resulting reaction product of aminoguanidine salts, such as aminoguanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine bicarbonate, or aminoguanidine sulfate with nitric acid. Preferably, the aminoguanidine salt is aminoguanidine bicarbonate. The resulting reaction product is a yellow precipitate that can be used alone, with or without oxidizers or other additives, for very rapid self-deflagration or in combination with oxidizers and additives. In each instance, the gas generant composition provides both high gas output and low production of solid combustion products. Further, the precipitant is relatively non-hygroscopic and has a high burn rate. The gas generating composition is useful as a gas generator for an air bag of an occupant restraint system for an automobile, gun propellants, inflation and expulsion devices, flotation devices, pyrotechnics, fire suppression devices and smokeless, reduced smoke and smokey rocket propellants.
摘要翻译： 烟火气体发生剂组合物包括高氧余量化合物或燃料，优选硝酸吖啶甲脒，其是所得的氨基胍盐和硝酸的反应产物。 具体地说，本发明的高氧平衡化合物或燃料是所得到的氨基胍盐如氨基胍硝酸盐，氨基胍碳酸氢盐或氨基胍硫酸盐与硝酸的反应产物。 优选地，氨基胍盐是氨基胍碳酸氢盐。 所得反应产物是黄色沉淀物，可以单独使用，具有或不具有氧化剂或其它添加剂，用于非常快速的自燃或与氧化剂和添加剂的组合。 在每种情况下，气体发生剂组合物提供高的气体输出和低固体燃烧产物的生产。 此外，沉淀剂相对不吸湿并且具有高燃烧率。 气体发生剂组合物可用作用于汽车，枪推进剂，膨胀和排出装置，浮选装置，烟火，灭火装置和无烟，减少烟雾和烟雾火箭推进剂的乘员约束系统的气囊的气体发生器。
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8.发明授权Preparation of eutectic mixtures of ammonium nitrate and amino guanidine nitrate 失效制备硝酸铵和氨基硝酸胍的共晶混合物
公开(公告)号：US6073438A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-13
申请号：US21315
申请日：1998-02-10
CPC分类号： C06B21/005 , C06B31/32 , C06D5/06
摘要： A eutectic solution of ammonium nitrate and either aminoguanidiine nitrate (AGN) or guanidine nitrate (AN) in the form of a present pellet is used to generate a particulate-free, non-toxic, odorless and colorless gas that is useful wherever an immediate source of such gas is required, such as the inflation of an occupant restraint air bag. The use of the material in the form of a eutectic totally eliminates pellet cracking. Moreover, the addition of a minor amount of potassium nitrate to the eutectic solution eliminates the ammonium nitrate phase change due to temperature cycling without adversely affecting the pressed pellets' freedom from cracking due to said temperature cycling.
摘要翻译： 使用硝酸铵和氨基胍二硝酸盐（AGN）或硝酸胍（AN）以本粒料形式的共晶溶液产生无颗粒，无毒，无臭和无色的气体，无论何时立即来源 需要这种气体，例如乘员约束气囊的充气。 以共晶体形式使用材料完全消除了颗粒开裂。 此外，向共晶溶液中加入少量的硝酸钾消除了由于温度循环引起的硝酸铵相变，而不会不利地影响压制颗粒由于所述温度循环而没有破裂。
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公开(公告)号：US5890736A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-06
申请号：US872325
申请日：1997-06-10
IPC分类号： B60R21/20 , B60R21/217 , B60R21/30
CPC分类号： B60R21/30 , B60R2021/2173
摘要： Apparatus for inflating a vehicle air bag and for reducing the inflation rate of the air bag in the event that an occupant of the vehicle engages the air bag before it is fully inflated, including a gas generating unit for producing an inflation gas in response to a predetermined impact to the vehicle, and an aspiration unit operatively connected to the gas generating unit and to the air bag. The aspiration unit includes an ambient air inlet, a mixing chamber in communication with the air inlet, and one or more nozzles in communication with the gas generating unit and the mixing chamber for directing inflation gas into the mixing chamber to aspirate ambient air through the air inlet into the mixing chamber so that a mixture of ambient air and generated inflation gas is created for the inflation of the air bag. Upon engagement of the air bag by the vehicle occupant before it is fully inflated, a back pressure is created in the mixing chamber to reduce or terminate the flow of aspirated air and generated inflation gas into the mixing chamber and thus to reduce the inflation rate of the air bag, thereby preventing continued rapid inflation of the air bag and possible serious injury to the occupant.
摘要翻译： 用于使汽车安全气囊充气并且用于在车辆乘客完全充气之前与气囊接合的情况下降低气囊的充气率的装置，包括用于响应于气囊产生装置产生膨胀气体的气体发生单元 对车辆的预定冲击，以及可操作地连接到气体发生单元和气囊的抽吸单元。 抽吸单元包括环境空气入口，与空气入口连通的混合室，以及与气体发生单元连通的一个或多个喷嘴和用于将充气气体引导到混合室中以将空气通过空气抽吸的混合室 进入混合室，从而产生环境空气和产生的充气气体的混合物，用于气囊的充气。 在车辆乘客完全充气之前，气囊被接合后，在混合室中产生背压，以减少或终止吸入空气的流动并产生膨胀气体进入混合室，从而降低 安全气囊，从而防止气囊持续快速膨胀，并可能对乘客造成严重伤害。
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10.发明授权Eutectic mixtures of ammonium nitrate, guanidine nitrate and potassium perchlorate 失效硝酸铵，硝酸胍和高氯酸钾的共晶混合物
公开(公告)号：US5850053A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-15
申请号：US663012
申请日：1996-06-07
CPC分类号： C06B21/005 , C06B31/32 , C06D5/06
摘要： A eutectic solution of ammonium nitrate and either aminoguanidine nitrate (AGN) or guanidine nitrate (AN) in the form of a pressed pellet is used to generate a low particulate non-toxic, odorless and colorless gas that is useful wherever an immediate source of such gas is required, such as the inflation of an occupant restraint air bag. The use of the material in the form of a eutectic totally eliminates pellet cracking. Moreover, the addition of a minor amount of potassium perchlorate to the eutectic solution improves stability at 107.degree. for 400 hours, lowers the pressure exponent and increases the burn rate at 2000 psi.
摘要翻译： 使用硝酸铵和氨基胍硝酸盐（AGN）或硝酸胍（AN）以压制颗粒的形式的共晶溶液产生低颗粒无毒，无臭和无色的气体，无论何时立即来源 需要气体，例如乘员约束气囊的充气。 以共晶体形式使用材料完全消除了颗粒开裂。 此外，向共晶溶液中加入少量高氯酸钾可提高107℃下的稳定性，持续400小时，降低压力指数，并提高2000 psi的燃烧速率。
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