摘要:
A controller can process an instruction directed to the controller itself to access data in the memory of the controller dynamically at runtime, where the data can be indirectly accessed by referencing a tag name, associated with the data and a memory space in memory, which can be included in a string tag associated with the instruction. Multiple tags, each tag associated with a respective item of data, can be located or referenced dynamically at runtime to access the respective items of data where one tag can be associated with a first structure, array, and/or scope and a disparate tag can be associated with a disparate structure, array, and/or scope, via an instruction.
摘要:
A controller can process an instruction directed to the controller itself to access data in the memory of the controller dynamically at runtime, where the data can be indirectly accessed by referencing a tag name, associated with the data and a memory space in memory, which can be included in a string tag associated with the instruction. Multiple tags, each tag associated with a respective item of data, can be located or referenced dynamically at runtime to access the respective items of data where one tag can be associated with a first structure, array, and/or scope and a disparate tag can be associated with a disparate structure, array, and/or scope, via an instruction.
摘要:
The invention provides methods of synthesizing peptides, involving the steps of providing a composition including a peptide fragment, wherein the peptide fragment has at least one amino acid residue and includes a base-sensitive, N-terminal protecting group; removing the base-sensitive, N-terminal protecting group from the peptide fragment using a deprotection reagent that includes a base, whereby an N-terminal functionality on the peptide fragment is deprotected; removing the base from the composition to provide a residual base content of more than 100 ppm; causing a reactive peptide fragment having a reactive C-terminus and a base-sensitive N-terminal protecting group to react with the deprotected N-terminal functionality of the peptide fragment under conditions such that the reactive peptide fragment is added to the peptide fragment; and optionally repeating the deprotection and coupling steps until a desired peptide is obtained. Also provided are methods of synthesizing peptides, wherein base is removed from the composition to a point where the composition would provide a positive chloranil test. Also provided are methods of synthesizing peptides, wherein coupling is performed in basic reaction mixtures.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a novel process for producing a &dgr;-lactone of the formula: using an acyl halide of the formula: wherein R1, R2 R3 and X are described herein, as well as novel intermediates. In particular, the present invention relates to a process for enantioselectively producing the (R)-&dgr;-lactone.
摘要:
A method of editing a real-time control program as it controls equipment is provided in which the editing occurs in a second area of memory and integrated into the pre-existing program by means of conditional jump instructions concatenated to that edited material. The pre-existing program is uninterrupted by the editing process except for a change of single instructions which do not affect the results of the execution but redirect the execution thread of that control program to be conditionally connected to the edited material. This single writing of single instructions, which do not affect execution results, precludes the possibility of the controller executing partially edited programs. The jump instructions are conditional on a test edit pointer to allow instantaneous implementation of the edits and a simple return to unedited instructions simply by changing the state of the flag.
摘要:
A programmable controller includes a main processor which executes a user control program. The main processor is interrupted by a support processor which operates as a real time clock. The interval between interrupts is determined by instructions within the user control program and may be dynamically altered when required. The main processor executes a user created interrupt routine when each interrupt occurs.
摘要:
The subject matter disclosed herein describes a method of allocating and persisting memory in an industrial controller without requiring a battery backup or a large capacitive storage system. Each data object is identified as static or dynamic. Static objects are further classified by whether frequent access of that data object is required. Each of the data objects is stored in non-volatile memory. The dynamic data objects and static data objects requiring frequent access are stored in volatile memory. A record of static data objects is maintained in non-volatile memory and a record of dynamic data objects is maintained in volatile memory. Upon power loss, the present value of each dynamic data object is copied to non-volatile memory. When power is restored, the values of both the dynamic data objects and the static data objects that require frequent access at run-time are copied from non-volatile memory to volatile memory.
摘要:
The subject matter disclosed herein describes a method of allocating and persisting memory in an industrial controller without requiring a battery backup or a large capacitive storage system. Each data object is identified as static or dynamic. Static objects are further classified by whether frequent access of that data object is required. Each of the data objects is stored in non-volatile memory. The dynamic data objects and static data objects requiring frequent access are stored in volatile memory. A record of static data objects is maintained in non-volatile memory and a record of dynamic data objects is maintained in volatile memory. Upon power loss, the present value of each dynamic data object is copied to non-volatile memory. When power is restored, the values of both the dynamic data objects and the static data objects that require frequent access at run-time are copied from non-volatile memory to volatile memory.
摘要:
A communication-efficient change log historian allows workstations having images of a shared memory to remain correlated to the shared memory. The system comprises one or more workstations connected to a microprocessor-based device which includes a memory device. The memory device includes the shared memory, and also stores a memory change list and a memory change index. The memory change list forms a list of changes which have been made to the information stored in the shared memory area, and the change index is indicative of the location of the most recent entry to the memory change list. The workstations maintain an image of the shared memory area, and store workstation change indexes which are indicative of the most recent entry to the memory change list which has also been implemented to respective images of the shared memory area in the workstations. The workstation regularly compares the workstation change index with the memory change index, thereby permitting the workstation image to be dynamically correlated with the shared memory. Advantageously, the system implements updates only when the contents of the shared memory have changed, and updates only those portions of the shared memory which have changed. The system also allows for the dynamic correlation of the workstation image with the shared memory, and allows the microprocessor-based device to be a passive participant in this process.