公开(公告)号：US06477891B2

公开(公告)日：2002-11-12

申请号：US09897357

申请日：2001-07-02

申请人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Karl-Ernst Ehwald ,  Andreas Thomas ,  Uwe Beyer

发明人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Karl-Ernst Ehwald ,  Andreas Thomas ,  Uwe Beyer

IPC分类号： G01N3000

CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 ,  G01N11/08 ,  G01N2001/4016

摘要： The invention concerns a process for affinity viscosimetry and a viscosimetric affinity sensor on the basis of sensitive liquids with analyte-dependent viscosity which are localized within a perfusable dialysis chamber and contain colloidal constituents which are cross-linked by affinity bonds. The viscosimetric affinity sensor according to this invention is characterized by the spatial or temporal separation of analyte diffusion from the measurement of the flow resistance for such sensitive liquid flowing through a capillary, needle-like body or other liquid conductor, which integrated combination of a dialysis chamber with viscosimeter enables a researcher to make measurements under lab conditions that provide spatial separation of the dialysis process from the rheological analysis, as done under test conditions where the maximum shear rate of sensitive liquid in the viscosity sensor is at least twice that shear rate of sensitive liquid experienced in the dialysis chamber. An important advantage of the invention consists in small volume-displacement and negligible structural change within the matrix or organ of living tissue to be investigated.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种基于具有分析物依赖性粘度的敏感液体的亲和​​力粘度测定法和粘度测定亲和力传感器，其位于可灌注透析室内并含有通过亲和键交联的胶体成分。 根据本发明的粘度亲和力传感器的特征在于分析物扩散与流过毛细管，针状体或其它液体导体的敏感液体的流动阻力的测量的空间或时间分离，其将透析 具有粘度计的腔室使得研究人员能够在实验室条件下进行测量，从而提供透析过程与流变学分析的空间分离，如在粘度传感器中敏感液体的最大剪切速率至少为剪切速率的两倍 在透析室中经历的敏感液体。 本发明的一个重要优点在于待研究的活体组织的基质或器官内的小体积位移和结构变化可以忽略不计。

公开(公告)号：US06267002B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09416839

申请日：1999-10-12

申请人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Karl-Ernst Ehwald ,  Andreas Thomas ,  Uwe Beyer

发明人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Karl-Ernst Ehwald ,  Andreas Thomas ,  Uwe Beyer

IPC分类号： G01N3000

CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 ,  G01N11/08 ,  G01N2001/4016

摘要： The invention concerns a process for affinity viscosimetry and a viscosimetric affinity sensor on the basis of sensitive liquids with analyte-dependent viscosity which are localized within a perfusable dialysis chamber and contain colloidal constituents which are cross-linked by affinity bonds. The viscosimetric affinity sensor according to this invention is characterized by the spatial or temporal separation of analyte diffusion from the measurement of the flow resistance for such sensitive liquid flowing through a capillary, needle-like body or other liquid conductor, which integrated combination of a dialysis chamber with viscosimeter enables a researcher to make measurements under lab conditions that provide spatial separation of the dialysis process from the rheological analysis, as done under test conditions where the maximum shear rate of sensitive liquid in the viscosity sensor is at least twice that shear rate of sensitive liquid experienced in the dialysis chamber. An important advantage of the invention consists in small volume-displacement and negligible structural change within the matrix or organ of living tissue to be investigated.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种基于具有分析物依赖性粘度的敏感液体的亲和​​力粘度测定法和粘度测定亲和力传感器，其位于可灌注透析室内并含有通过亲和键交联的胶体成分。 根据本发明的粘度亲和力传感器的特征在于分析物扩散与流过毛细管，针状体或其它液体导体的敏感液体的流动阻力的测量的空间或时间分离，其将透析 具有粘度计的腔室使得研究人员能够在实验室条件下进行测量，从而提供透析过程与流变学分析的空间分离，如在粘度传感器中敏感液体的最大剪切速率至少为剪切速率的两倍 在透析室中经历的敏感液体。 本发明的一个重要优点在于待研究的活体组织的基质或器官内的小体积位移和结构变化可以忽略不计。

公开(公告)号：US08235936B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-07

申请号：US12951391

申请日：2010-11-22

申请人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer ,  Andreas Thomas

发明人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer ,  Andreas Thomas

IPC分类号： A61M3/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/14528

摘要： A micro-dialysis probe extending longitudinally between a proximal probe opening and a distal probe tip and having a supply line and a drainage line for a drip-feed solution. A tube may be provided for supporting the drainage line. A dialysis section, wherein the flow channel for the drip-feed solution experiences an inversion, is formed generally between the supply line and the drainage line, in the vicinity of the distal probe tip. The supply line and the drainage line are respectively arranged substantially side by side and together form the probe shaft of the micro-dialysis probe.

摘要翻译： 微透析探针在近端探针开口和远端探针尖端之间纵向延伸，并具有用于滴注溶液的供应管线和排水管线。 可以设置用于支撑排水管的管。 一种透析部，其中，用于滴注溶液的流动通道经历反转，通常在远端探针末端附近形成在供应管线和排水管线之间。 供应线和排水管线分别大致并排设置，并一起形成微透析探针的探头轴。

公开(公告)号：US07918818B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-05

申请号：US11342946

申请日：2006-01-30

申请人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer ,  Andreas Thomas

发明人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer ,  Andreas Thomas

IPC分类号： A61M3/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/14528

摘要： A micro-dialysis probe extending longitudinally between a proximal probe opening and a distal probe tip and having a supply line and a drainage line for a drip-feed solution. A tube may be provided for supporting the drainage line. A dialysis section, wherein the flow channel for the drip-feed solution experiences an inversion, is formed generally between the supply line and the drainage line, in the vicinity of the distal probe tip. The supply line and the drainage line are respectively arranged substantially side by side and together form the probe shaft of the micro-dialysis probe.

摘要翻译： 微透析探针在近端探针开口和远端探针尖端之间纵向延伸，并具有用于滴注溶液的供应管线和排水管线。 可以设置用于支撑排水管的管。 一种透析部，其中，用于滴注溶液的流动通道经历反转，通常在远端探针末端附近形成在供应管线和排水管线之间。 供应线和排水管线分别大致并排设置，并一起形成微透析探针的探头轴。

公开(公告)号：US20060264812A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-23

申请号：US11342946

申请日：2006-01-30

申请人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer ,  Andreas Thomas

发明人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer ,  Andreas Thomas

IPC分类号： A61M3/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/14528

摘要： A micro-dialysis probe extending longitudinally between a proximal probe opening and a distal probe tip and having a supply line and a drainage line for a drip-feed solution. A tube may be provided for supporting the drainage line. A dialysis section, wherein the flow channel for the drip-feed solution experiences an inversion, is formed generally between the supply line and the drainage line, in the vicinity of the distal probe tip. The supply line and the drainage line are respectively arranged substantially side by side and together form the probe shaft of the micro-dialysis probe.

摘要翻译： 微透析探针在近端探针开口和远端探针尖端之间纵向延伸，并具有用于滴注溶液的供应管线和排水管线。 可以设置用于支撑排水管的管。 一种透析部，其中，用于滴注溶液的流动通道经历反转，通常在远端探针末端附近形成在供应管线和排水管线之间。 供应线和排水管线分别大致并排设置，并一起形成微透析探针的探头轴。

公开(公告)号：US07284413B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-23

申请号：US09865338

申请日：2001-05-28

申请人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Karl-Ernst Ehwald ,  Dieter Knoll ,  Wolfgang Winkler ,  Henning Zinke

发明人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Karl-Ernst Ehwald ,  Dieter Knoll ,  Wolfgang Winkler ,  Henning Zinke

IPC分类号： G01N11/10

CPC分类号： G01N11/16 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  G01N13/02 ,  G01N2011/008 ,  G01N2203/0094

摘要： An apparatus for measuring the viscosity of a fluid having a first rigid member extending from a body of semiconductor material and provided with a first conductive path and a second resiliently flexible member provided with a second conductive path and arranged in cantilever fashion over the rigid member. At least one of the conductive paths may be selectively energized to brig about relative movement between the rigid and flexible member. Subsequent deenergization of the path causes the resiliently flexible member to return to its initial position, the rate of return being measured to derive a signal representative of the viscosity. Also described are methods of carrying out the measurement and of fabricating the apparatus.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量具有从半导体材料体延伸并具有第一导电路径的第一刚性构件和设置有第二导电路径并且以悬臂方式布置在刚性构件上的第二弹性柔性构件的流体的粘度的装置。 关于刚性和柔性构件之间的相对运动，至少一个导电路径可以被选择性地通电。 路径的随后的断电导致弹性柔性构件返回到其初始位置，测量返回率以导出代表粘度的信号。 还描述了进行测量和制造该装置的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20080182286A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-31

申请号：US12032456

申请日：2008-02-15

申请人： Peter Abel ,  Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer

发明人： Peter Abel ,  Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer

IPC分类号： C12Q1/26 ,  C12M1/00

CPC分类号： C12Q1/006 ,  C12Q1/002

摘要： The invention relates to measuring the concentration of analytes with the aid of an oxidase in an immersion sensor situated in a fluid or in a matrix containing fluid. Oxygen diffuses into the enzyme layer from within, from a gas-filled space connected to the atmosphere and/or to an oxygen reservoir. This enables oxygen saturation of the oxidase in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free medium and/or at high analyte concentrations. The analyte diffuses into the enzyme layer in a channel or a number of channels which contain(s) water and limit(s) diffusion, wherein the channel/channels on the surface of the sensor is/are filled with a protein-impermeable, hydrophilic matrix. By increasing the channel cross-section on the surface of the sensor and/or by connecting the channel/channels to a protein-impermeable, porous, hydrophilic layer on the surface of the sensor, the effect of outer deposits on the diffusion resistance of the analyte is reduced.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及借助位于流体中或含有流体的基质中的浸没式传感器中的氧化酶来测量分析物的浓度。 氧气从连接到大气的气体填充空间和/或氧气储存器的内部扩散到酶层中。 这使得氧化酶在低氧或无氧培养基和/或高分析物浓度下的氧饱和度。 分析物在含有水和限制扩散的通道或多个通道中扩散到酶层中，其中传感器表面上的通道/通道被填充有蛋白质不可渗透的亲水性 矩阵。 通过增加传感器表面上的通道横截面和/或通过将通道/通道连接到传感器表面上的蛋白质不渗透，多孔的亲水层，外部沉积物对扩散阻力的影响 分析物减少。

公开(公告)号：US07335286B2

公开(公告)日：2008-02-26

申请号：US10687529

申请日：2003-10-16

申请人： Peter Abel ,  Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer

发明人： Peter Abel ,  Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer

IPC分类号： C12N9/00 ,  C12Q1/00

CPC分类号： C12Q1/006 ,  C12Q1/002

摘要： The invention relates to measuring the concentration of analytes with the aid of an oxidase in an immersion sensor situated in a fluid or in a matrix containing fluid. Oxygen diffuses into the enzyme layer from within, from a gas-filled space connected to the atmosphere and/or to an oxygen reservoir. This enables oxygen saturation of the oxidase in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free medium and/or at high analyte concentrations. The analyte diffuses into the enzyme layer in a channel or a number of channels which contain(s) water and limit(s) diffusion, wherein the channel/channels on the surface of the sensor is/are filled with a protein-impermeable, hydrophilic matrix. By increasing the channel cross-section on the surface of the sensor and/or by connecting the channel/channels to a protein-impermeable, porous, hydrophilic layer on the surface of the sensor, the effect of outer deposits on the diffusion resistance of the analyte is reduced.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及借助位于流体中或含有流体的基质中的浸没式传感器中的氧化酶来测量分析物的浓度。 氧气从连接到大气的气体填充空间和/或氧气储存器的内部扩散到酶层中。 这使得氧化酶在低氧或无氧培养基和/或高分析物浓度下的氧饱和度。 分析物在含有水和限制扩散的通道或多个通道中扩散到酶层中，其中传感器表面上的通道/通道被填充有蛋白质不可渗透的亲水性 矩阵。 通过增加传感器表面上的通道横截面和/或通过将通道/通道连接到传感器表面上的蛋白质不渗透，多孔的亲水层，外部沉积物对扩散阻力的影响 分析物减少。

公开(公告)号：US08017314B2

公开(公告)日：2011-09-13

申请号：US12032456

申请日：2008-02-15

申请人： Peter Abel ,  Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer

发明人： Peter Abel ,  Rudolf Ehwald ,  Uwe Beyer

IPC分类号： C12Q1/00 ,  C12Q1/26

CPC分类号： C12Q1/006 ,  C12Q1/002

摘要： The invention relates to measuring the concentration of analytes with the aid of an oxidase in an immersion sensor situated in a fluid or in a matrix containing fluid. Oxygen diffuses into the enzyme layer from within, from a gas-filled space connected to the atmosphere and/or to an oxygen reservoir. This enables oxygen saturation of the oxidase in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free medium and/or at high analyte concentrations. The analyte diffuses into the enzyme layer in a channel or a number of channels which contain(s) water and limit(s) diffusion, wherein the channel/channels on the surface of the sensor is/are filled with a protein-impermeable, hydrophilic matrix. By increasing the channel cross-section on the surface of the sensor and/or by connecting the channel/channels to a protein-impermeable, porous, hydrophilic layer on the surface of the sensor, the effect of outer deposits on the diffusion resistance of the analyte is reduced.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及借助位于流体中或含有流体的基质中的浸没式传感器中的氧化酶来测量分析物的浓度。 氧气从连接到大气的气体填充空间和/或氧气储存器的内部扩散到酶层中。 这使得氧化酶在低氧或无氧培养基和/或高分析物浓度下的氧饱和度。 分析物在含有水和限制扩散的通道或多个通道中扩散到酶层中，其中传感器表面上的通道/通道被填充有蛋白质不可渗透的亲水性 矩阵。 通过增加传感器表面上的通道横截面和/或通过将通道/通道连接到传感器表面上的蛋白质不渗透，多孔的亲水层，外部沉积物对扩散阻力的影响 分析物减少。

公开(公告)号：US06938463B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-06

申请号：US10232969

申请日：2002-08-30

申请人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Ulrich Haueter ,  Uwe Beyer

发明人： Rudolf Ehwald ,  Ulrich Haueter ,  Uwe Beyer

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  G01N11/08 ,  G01N19/08

CPC分类号： G01N11/08 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  Y10T436/144444

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining solute levels by affinity viscosimetry involving a sensitive fluid, in which the sensitive fluid flows continuously through a first hydraulic resistor in the flow direction of the dialysis chamber, and the sensitive fluid modified by dialysis simultaneously flows through another resistor, wherein the pressure differences between the resistors is determined on-line with the aid of pressure sensors and converted into a relative value which is approximately proportional to the concentration of solute.

摘要翻译： 通过涉及敏感流体的敏感流体的粘度测定法来测定溶质水平的方法和装置，其中敏感流体在透析室的流动方向上连续流过第一液压电阻器，并且通过透析改性的敏感流体同时流过另一个电阻器， 其中电阻器之间的压力差借助于压力传感器在线确定并转换成与溶质浓度近似成比例的相对值。