公开(公告)号：US4906935A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-06

申请号：US251692

申请日：1988-09-29

申请人： Ruediger Hess ,  Wilfried Kuhl ,  Leonhard Klug ,  Wolfgang Schilling ,  Peter Trentin ,  Heribert Weber ,  Wolfgang Schlenk ,  Heinz-Helmut Schramm

发明人： Ruediger Hess ,  Wilfried Kuhl ,  Leonhard Klug ,  Wolfgang Schilling ,  Peter Trentin ,  Heribert Weber ,  Wolfgang Schlenk ,  Heinz-Helmut Schramm

IPC分类号： H01H33/66 ,  H01H33/668

CPC分类号： H01H33/668

摘要： To check the presence of operating vacuum in vacuum switches, high voltage can be applied between the contacts at a given contact spacing and the dielectric strength can be tested. According to the invention, the procedure for vacuum monitoring is that a contact spacing (h) below the nominal stroke of the vacuum switch is selected and that the X-radiation generated at this contact spacing (h) and high voltage (U) in vacuum due to the field electron emission between the contacts by the contact surfaces acting as anode is acquired and evaluated as proof of the presence of operating vacuum inside the switching tube. This method can preferably be applied to encapsulated vacuum switching tubes, in particular to SF.sub.6 -insulated switching facilities. Associated with the vacuum switching tube (15) in the associated equipment is an X-ray detector, preferably a Geiger-Muller counter, which is connected to the high-voltage unit (25) via an evaluating circuit (30 to 50) which serves for the determination and indication of the operating vacuum and shuts off the high-voltage unit (25) to minimize the X-ray dose. Due to the X-ray emission, which is stopped long before reaching impermissible values, the presence of vacuum can be positively verified.

摘要翻译： 为了检查在真空开关中是否存在操作真空，可以以给定的接触间距在触点之间施加高电压，并且可以测试介电强度。 根据本发明，真空监测的过程是选择低于真空开关的额定行程的接触间距（h），并且在该接触间隔（h）和真空中的高电压（U）下产生的X射线 由于作为阳极的接触表面的触点之间的场电子发射被获取并被评估为开关管内存在操作真空的证明。 该方法可以优选地应用于封装的真空开关管，特别是SF6绝缘开关设备。 与相关设备中的真空开关管（15）相关联的是X射线检测器，优选Geiger-Muller计数器，其通过评估电路（30至50）连接到高压单元（25） 用于确定和指示操作真空并关闭高压单元（25）以最小化X射线剂量。 由于在达到不允许值之前停止的X射线发射，可以肯定地验证真空的存在。

公开(公告)号：US4935588A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-19

申请号：US273857

申请日：1988-09-23

申请人： Ruediger Hess ,  Horst Kippenberg ,  Wilfried Kuhl ,  Wolfgang Schlenk ,  Ernst-Ludwig Hoene ,  Reiner Mueller

发明人： Ruediger Hess ,  Horst Kippenberg ,  Wilfried Kuhl ,  Wolfgang Schlenk ,  Ernst-Ludwig Hoene ,  Reiner Mueller

IPC分类号： H01H33/66 ,  H01H1/02 ,  H01H33/664

CPC分类号： H01H33/6642 ,  H01H1/0206

摘要： Contact pieces for vacuum switches with axial magnetic field are designed e.g. as cup contacts with slotting in the same direction which support a diskshaped contact body and have means for the suppression of eddy currents. According to the invention, the contact bodies (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) have, at least on their backside, radial areas (15, 25, 35, 45, 55) of markedly lower electrical conductivity than the base material. Such radial areas may be, grooves (15 to 18) on the backside (12) of the contact body (10), diffusion zones (25, 35) of additives reducing the electrical conductivity of the base material, or combinations of the two. If the contact bodies (40,50) are made by powder metallurgical methods, it is also possible to provide the radial areas during production as fillings (45) or as molded parts (55) of a material of lower electrical conductivity than that of the base material.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE87 / 00124 Sec。 371日期：1988年9月23日 102（e）1988年9月23日PCT PCT 1987年3月20日PCT公布。 出版物WO87 / 06052 1987年10月8日发布。用于具有轴向磁场的真空开关的接触件被设计为例如。 因为杯子以相同的方向与开槽相接触，其支撑盘形接触体并具有用于抑制涡流的装置。 根据本发明，接触体（10,20,30,40,50）至少在其背面具有比基底材料明显更低导电性的径向区域（15,25,35,45,55）。 这种径向区域可以是接触体（10）的背面（12）上的凹槽（15至18），减少基材的导电性的添加剂的扩散区（25,35）或两者的组合。 如果接触体（40,50）通过粉末冶金方法制造，则也可以在生产期间提供作为填充物（45）的径向区域或作为比导电体（45,50）的导电性低的材料的模制部件（55） 基材。

公开(公告)号：US4695687A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-22

申请号：US29502

申请日：1987-03-23

申请人： Joachim Grosse ,  Ruediger Hess ,  Wilfried Kuhl ,  Reiner Mueller

发明人： Joachim Grosse ,  Ruediger Hess ,  Wilfried Kuhl ,  Reiner Mueller

IPC分类号： H01H33/66 ,  H01H1/02 ,  H01H33/664

CPC分类号： H01H33/6642 ,  H01H1/0206

摘要： Contact pieces for vacuum switches with axial magnetic field are designed, for example, as pot type contacts with codirectional slotting which contain in each instance a disk-shaped contact body of contact material and have an arrangement for the suppression of eddy currents. Conventional techniques for this purpose typically involves the cutting of radial slots in the contact bodies. In accordance with the invention, each contact piece (10, 110, 210) comprises a plurality of discrete elements (11, 111, 211) which are so arranged on the concrete carrier (2) that their edges (12, 13; 112, 113; 212, 213) form joints (25, 125, 225) and thereby define conductivity jumps for the suppression of the eddy currents. Specifically the discrete segments (111, 211) are produced by reshaping a cylindrical blank (100) of circular cross section into a semi-finished product of circular sectorial cross section.

摘要翻译： 具有轴向磁场的真空开关的接触件例如被设计为具有同向开槽的罐式接触件，其中每个开口均包含接触材料的盘形接触体，并且具有用于抑制涡流的布置。 用于此目的的常规技术通常涉及切割接触体中的径向槽。 根据本发明，每个接触件（10,110,210）包括多个分立的元件（11,111,211），它们被布置在混凝土载体（2）上，使得它们的边缘（12,13; 113,212,213）形成接头（25,125,225），从而限定用于抑制涡流的电导率跳跃。 具体地，离散段（111,211）通过将圆形横截面的圆柱形坯料（100）重新成形为圆形扇形横截面的半成品来生产。

公开(公告)号：US4418255A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-29

申请号：US314009

申请日：1981-10-22

申请人： Ruediger Hess ,  Heiner Marin

发明人： Ruediger Hess ,  Heiner Marin

IPC分类号： H01H33/18 ,  H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/88 ,  H01H33/915

CPC分类号： H01H33/185 ,  H01H33/7053

摘要： In a contact arrangement for air-blast switches, a tubular element consisting of ferromagnetic material (the inner wall surface of which is conical and continues the contour of a nozzle aperture) is provided with a layer of graphite. The layer is formed by one or more bushings which are force fitted into the tubular element. The desired conical inner contour can be produced by machining initially cylindrical inner surfaces after mounting the bushings within the tubular element.

摘要翻译： 在用于鼓风开关的接触装置中，由铁磁材料（其内壁表面是圆锥形并且继续喷嘴孔的轮廓）组成的管状元件设置有一层石墨。 所述层由一个或多个力配合到管状元件中的衬套形成。 所需的锥形内轮廓可以通过在将衬套安装在管状元件内之前对最初的圆柱形内表面进行加工来制造。

公开(公告)号：US4906291A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-06

申请号：US264327

申请日：1988-10-28

申请人： Thomas Moser ,  Joachim Grosse ,  Horst Kippenberg ,  Ruediger Hess ,  Reiner Mueller ,  Norbert Proelss

发明人： Thomas Moser ,  Joachim Grosse ,  Horst Kippenberg ,  Ruediger Hess ,  Reiner Mueller ,  Norbert Proelss

IPC分类号： C22B9/20 ,  C22C1/02 ,  H01H1/02

CPC分类号： C22C1/02 ,  H01H1/0206

摘要： A method for manufacturing melt materials of copper, chromium, and at least one readily evaporable component as well as a fusible electrode for using this method is disclosed.More specifically, an arc melting method is used for the manufacture of melt materials based on copper and chromium in which the electrode material melting off a fusible electrode of given resultant composition is collected in a water-cooled permanent mold for the purpose of cooling down without macroscopic separation of copper and chromium.A fusible electrode for use in this method is also provided. This fusible electrode partially consists of a solid alloy of copper with the readily evaporable component.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于制造铜，铬和至少一种容易蒸发的组分的熔融材料的方法以及用于该方法的可熔电极。 更具体地说，电弧熔化方法用于制造基于铜和铬的熔融材料，其中将给定所得组合物的可熔电极熔化的电极材料收集在水冷永久模具中，以便冷却而没有 铜和铬的宏观分离。 还提供了用于该方法的可熔电极。 该可熔电极部分由铜与易挥发成分的固体合金组成。

公开(公告)号：US4354073A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-12

申请号：US126206

申请日：1980-03-03

申请人： Ruediger Hess ,  Heiner Marin

发明人： Ruediger Hess ,  Heiner Marin

IPC分类号： H01H33/88 ,  H01H33/91 ,  H01H33/915

CPC分类号： H01H33/91

摘要： An electric gas blast circuit breaker is disclosed which has two stationary contact pieces. A switching unit is movable between closed and open positions for electrically bridging the contact pieces in the closed position and for electrically disconnecting the contact pieces in the open position whereby an arc develops when the switching unit is moved to the open position. A gas blast device blasts a stream of gas through the arc when the switching unit is moved to the open position. The switching unit includes a supporting body and a slide-contact ring made of an arc-resistant material. The ring slideably contacts one of the contact pieces in the closed position and is mounted on the supporting body so as to be electrically insulated therefrom. A plurality of elongated contact elements are disposed in the supporting body for electrically connecting the contact pieces when the switching unit is in the closed position. There is provided an electrical connection between at least one of the contact elements and the slide-contact ring when the switching unit is in the closed position and also when it moves into the open position and continuously in all operating positions thereof.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有两个固定接触片的电气鼓风断路器。 切换单元可在闭合位置和打开位置之间移动，用于将接触件电气桥接在闭合位置，并且用于在打开位置电气断开接触件，从而当开关单元移动到打开位置时产生电弧。 当开关单元移动到打开位置时，气体吹出装置通过电弧喷射气流。 切换单元包括支撑体和由抗电弧材料制成的滑动接触环。 该环在闭合位置可滑动地接触一个接触件，并且安装在支撑体上以与其电绝缘。 多个细长接触元件设置在支撑体中，用于在开关单元处于关闭位置时电连接接触件。 当切换单元处于关闭位置时以及当其在其所有操作位置中移动到打开位置并连续时，在至少一个接触元件和滑动接触环之间提供电连接。