Abstract:
The invention relates to surfactants of the formula (I), in which R1 stands for —H or —CH3; R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 independently stand for —H, —CH3, —CH2CH3, —CH2CH2CH3, —CH(CH3)2, —CH2CH2CH2CH3, —CH2CH(CH3)2, —CH(CH3)CH2CH3, —C(CH3)3, —OH, —OCH3, —OCH2CH3, —OCH2CH2CH3, —OCH(CH3)2, a linear or branched alkyl group containing 8 to 20 C atoms, or —SO3−X+; X+ stands for a monovalent cation or the nth part of an n-valent cation; exactly one radical R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 stands for —SO3−X+; and exactly one radical R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 stands for a linear or branched alkyl radical containing 8 to 20 C atoms.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a high yield of sugar alcohols containing five to six carbon atoms from cellulose-containing materials. In a first step the starting materials (for example microcrystalline cellulose, alpha-cellulose, wood and cellulose-containing residues, such as sugar cane bagasse or wood shavings) and an acid are brought into close contact with the substrates by a impregnation carried out in the liquid or gaseous phase. In addition, in a second step the starting materials impregnated with acid and preferably dried are brought into contact by the action of mechanical energy, such that the cellulose-containing materials are degraded into water-soluble products. Subsequently, in a third step, sugar alcohols having five to six carbon atoms are obtained in a high yield and in high selectivity from the water-soluble products in aqueous solution by hydrolytic hydrogenation by means of a metal-containing catalyst under hydrogen pressure.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a process for the conversion of phenolics into aromatic hydrocarbons. In more detail, the present invention refers to a process for the selective hydrodeoxygenation of phenolic feeds into aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, alkylbenzenes and others. The selective catalytic hydrodeoxygenation is performed in absence of external supply of molecular hydrogen.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a high yield of sugar alcohols containing five to six carbon atoms from cellulose-containing materials. In a first step the starting materials (for example microcrystalline cellulose, alpha-cellulose, wood and cellulose-containing residues, such as sugar cane bagasse or wood shavings) and an acid are brought into close contact with the substrates by a impregnation carried out in the liquid or gaseous phase. In addition, in a second step the starting materials impregnated with acid and preferably dried are brought into contact by the action of mechanical energy, such that the cellulose-containing materials are degraded into water-soluble products. Subsequently, in a third step, sugar alcohols having five to six carbon atoms are obtained in a high yield and in high selectivity from the water-soluble products in aqueous solution by hydrolytic hydrogenation by means of a metal-containing catalyst under hydrogen pressure.
Abstract:
The invention relates to surfactants of the formula (I), in which R1 stands for —H or —CH3; R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 independently stand for —H, —CH3, —CH2CH3, —CH2CH2CH3, —CH(CH3)2, —CH2CH2CH2CH3, —CH2CH(CH3)2, —CH(CH3)CH2CH3, —C(CH3)3, —OH, —OCH3, —OCH2CH3, —OCH2CH2CH3, —OCH(CH3)2, a linear or branched alkyl group containing 8 to 20 C atoms, or —SO3−X+; X+ stands for a monovalent cation or the nth part of an n-valent cation; exactly one radical R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 stands for —SO3−X+; and exactly one radical R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 stands for a linear or branched alkyl radical containing 8 to 20 C atoms.
Abstract:
A method is disclosed for the acid-catalyzed oligomerization of monosaccharides and/or disaccharides in which monosaccharides or disaccharides are subjected to a mechanical treatment in the presence of an inorganic and/or organic acid. During said process, a catalytic conversion of the monosaccharides or disaccharides takes place.