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公开(公告)号：US20130001095A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-03
申请号：US13612192
申请日：2012-09-12
IPC分类号： C25B3/04
CPC分类号： C10G3/40 , C10G3/45 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2400/04 , C12P7/54 , C25B3/00 , C25B3/10 , C25B9/08 , Y02E50/343 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A method that produces coupled radical products. The method involves obtaining a sodium salt of a carboxylic acid. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane) that separates an anolyte compartment housing the anolyte from a catholyte compartment housing a catholyte. The anolyte includes a first solvent or mixture of solvents and a quantity of the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid. When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon.
摘要翻译： 一种产生偶联产物的方法。 该方法包括获得羧酸的钠盐。 然后将碱金属盐用作阳极电解液作为电解池的一部分。 电解池可以包括碱性离子传导膜（例如NaSICON膜），其将容纳阴极电解液的阳极电解液室与容纳阴极电解液的阴极电解液室隔开。 阳极电解液包括第一溶剂或溶剂的混合物和一定量的羧酸的钠盐。 当电池操作时，羧酸的碱金属盐脱羧并形成自由基。 然后将这些基团与其它基团键合，由此产生偶联的基团产物如烃。
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公开(公告)号：US20110027848A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12840913
申请日：2010-07-21
CPC分类号： C10G3/40 , C10G3/45 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2400/04 , C12P7/54 , C25B3/00 , C25B3/10 , C25B9/08 , Y02E50/343 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.
摘要翻译： 从生物质产生偶联的自由基产物的方法。 该方法包括从生物质获得脂质或羧酸物质。 该材料可以是羧酸，羧酸的酯，羧酸的甘油三酸酯，或羧酸的金属盐，或任何其它的脂肪酸衍生物。 将该脂质物质或羧酸物质转化为碱金属盐。 然后将碱金属盐用作阳极电解液作为电解池的一部分。 电解池可以包括碱离子传导膜（例如NaSICON膜）。 当电池操作时，羧酸的碱金属盐脱羧并形成自由基。 然后将这些基团与其它基团键合，由此产生偶联的基团产物如烃。 取决于起始原料，生成的烃可以是例如饱和的，不饱和的，支链的或非支链的。
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公开(公告)号：US08506789B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-13
申请号：US12840508
申请日：2010-07-21
CPC分类号： C10G3/40 , C10G3/45 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2400/04 , C12P7/54 , C25B3/00 , C25B3/10 , C25B9/08 , Y02E50/343 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.
摘要翻译： 从生物质产生偶联的自由基产物的方法。 该方法包括从生物质获得脂质或羧酸物质。 该材料可以是羧酸，羧酸的酯，羧酸的甘油三酸酯，或羧酸的金属盐，或任何其它的脂肪酸衍生物。 将该脂质物质或羧酸物质转化为碱金属盐。 然后将碱金属盐用作阳极电解液作为电解池的一部分。 电解池可以包括碱离子传导膜（例如NaSICON膜）。 当电池操作时，羧酸的碱金属盐脱羧并形成自由基。 然后将这些基团与其它基团键合，由此产生偶联的基团产物如烃。 取决于起始原料，生成的烃可以是例如饱和的，不饱和的，支链的或非支链的。
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公开(公告)号：US08647492B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-11
申请号：US12840913
申请日：2010-07-21
CPC分类号： C10G3/40 , C10G3/45 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2400/04 , C12P7/54 , C25B3/00 , C25B3/10 , C25B9/08 , Y02E50/343 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.
摘要翻译： 从生物质产生偶联的自由基产物的方法。 该方法包括从生物质获得脂质或羧酸物质。 该材料可以是羧酸，羧酸的酯，羧酸的甘油三酸酯，或羧酸的金属盐，或任何其它的脂肪酸衍生物。 将该脂质物质或羧酸物质转化为碱金属盐。 然后将碱金属盐用作阳极电解液作为电解池的一部分。 电解池可以包括碱离子传导膜（例如NaSICON膜）。 当电池操作时，羧酸的碱金属盐脱羧并形成自由基。 然后将这些基团与其它基团键合，由此产生偶联的基团产物如烃。 取决于起始原料，生成的烃可以是例如饱和的，不饱和的，支链的或非支链的。
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公开(公告)号：US09051656B2
公开(公告)日：2015-06-09
申请号：US13092685
申请日：2011-04-22
申请人： Sai Bhavaraju , Mukund Karanjikar , Pallavi Chitta
发明人： Sai Bhavaraju , Mukund Karanjikar , Pallavi Chitta
摘要： An aryl-alkyl (R—Ar) hydrocarbon is prepared by an electrosynthesis process in an electrolytic cell having an alkali ion conductive membrane positioned between an anolyte compartment configured with an anode and a catholyte compartment configured with a cathode. An anolyte solution containing an alkali metal salt of an alkyl carboxylic acid and an aryl compound is introduced into the anolyte compartment. The aryl compound may include an alkali metal salt of an aryl carboxylic acid, an arene (aromatic) hydrocarbon, or an aryl alkali metal adduct (Ar−M+). The anolyte solution undergoes electrolytic decarboxylation to form an alkyl radical. The alkyl radical reacts with the aryl compound to produce the aryl-alkyl hydrocarbon.
摘要翻译： 通过电解槽法制备芳基 - 烷基（R-Ar）烃，该电解槽具有位于由阳极构成的阳极电解室与构成阴极的阴极电解室之间的碱离子导电膜。 将含有烷基羧酸和芳基化合物的碱金属盐的阳极电解液引入阳极电解液室。 芳基化合物可以包括芳基羧酸的碱金属盐，芳烃（芳族）烃或芳基碱金属加合物（Ar-M +）。 阳极电解液经历电解脱羧以形成烷基。 烷基与芳基化合物反应生成芳基 - 烷基烃。
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公开(公告)号：US20110168569A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-14
申请号：US12840508
申请日：2010-07-21
IPC分类号： C25B3/10
CPC分类号： C10G3/40 , C10G3/45 , C10G3/47 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2400/04 , C12P7/54 , C25B3/00 , C25B3/10 , C25B9/08 , Y02E50/343 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.
摘要翻译： 从生物质产生偶联的自由基产物的方法。 该方法包括从生物质获得脂质或羧酸物质。 该材料可以是羧酸，羧酸的酯，羧酸的甘油三酸酯，或羧酸的金属盐，或任何其它的脂肪酸衍生物。 将该脂质物质或羧酸物质转化为碱金属盐。 然后将碱金属盐用作阳极电解液作为电解池的一部分。 电解池可以包括碱离子传导膜（例如NaSICON膜）。 当电池操作时，羧酸的碱金属盐脱羧并形成自由基。 然后将这些基团与其它基团键合，由此产生偶联的基团产物如烃。 取决于起始原料，生成的烃可以是例如饱和的，不饱和的，支链的或非支链的。
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公开(公告)号：US20110024288A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12840401
申请日：2010-07-21
IPC分类号： C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , C10G3/00 , C10G2300/1011 , C10G2300/44 , C25B3/10 , Y02P30/20
摘要： A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.
摘要翻译： 从生物质产生偶联的自由基产物的方法。 该方法包括从生物质获得脂质或羧酸物质。 该材料可以是羧酸，羧酸的酯，羧酸的甘油三酸酯，或羧酸的金属盐，或任何其它的脂肪酸衍生物。 将该脂质物质或羧酸物质转化为碱金属盐。 然后将碱金属盐用作阳极电解液作为电解池的一部分。 电解池可以包括碱离子传导膜（例如NaSICON膜）。 当电池操作时，羧酸的碱金属盐脱羧并形成自由基。 然后将这些基团与其它基团键合，由此产生偶联的基团产物如烃。 取决于起始原料，生成的烃可以是例如饱和的，不饱和的，支链的或非支链的。
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公开(公告)号：US20140171688A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-19
申请号：US13717129
申请日：2012-12-17
申请人： Mukund Karanjikar , Sai Bhavaraju
发明人： Mukund Karanjikar , Sai Bhavaraju
摘要： Ketones, specifically Methyl ethyl ketone (“MEK”) and octanedione, may be formed from six carbon sugars. This process involves obtaining a quantity of a six carbon sugar and then reacting the sugar to form levulinic acid and formic acid. The levulinic acid and formic acid are then converted to an alkali metal levulinate and an alkali metal formate (such as, for example, sodium levulinate and sodium formate.) The alkali metal levulinate is placed in an anolyte along with hydrogen gas that is used in an electrolytic cell. The alkali metal levulinate within the anolyte is decarboxylated to form MEK radicals, wherein the MEK radicals react with hydrogen gas to form MEK, or MEK radicals react with each other to form octanedione. The alkali metal formate may also be decarboxylated in the cell, thereby forming hydrogen radicals that react with the MEK radicals to form MEK.
摘要翻译： 酮可以由六个碳糖形成，特别是甲基乙基酮（“MEK”）和辛二酮。 该方法包括获得一定量的六碳糖，然后使糖反应形成乙酰丙酸和甲酸。 然后将乙酰丙酸和甲酸转化为乙酰丙酸碱金属盐和碱金属甲酸盐（例如乙酰丙酸钠和甲酸钠）。将碱金属乙酰丙酸盐与氢气一起放入阳极电解液中，氢气用于 电解池。 阳极电解液中的乙醇酸碱金属脱羧形成MEK自由基，其中MEK自由基与氢气反应形成MEK，或MEK自由基相互反应形成辛二酮。 碱金属甲酸盐也可以在细胞中脱羧，从而形成与MEK自由基反应形成MEK的氢自由基。
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公开(公告)号：US08821710B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-02
申请号：US13357463
申请日：2012-01-24
申请人： Sai Bhavaraju , Mukund Karanjikar
发明人： Sai Bhavaraju , Mukund Karanjikar
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , C07C51/00 , C07C51/09 , C07C51/41 , C07C51/412 , C10L1/02 , C25B3/00 , C25B3/02 , Y02E50/13 , Y02P30/20 , C07C59/185 , C07C53/126 , C07C59/125
摘要： Hydrocarbons may be formed from six carbon sugars. This process involves obtaining a quantity of a hexose sugar. The hexose sugar may be derived from biomass. The hexose sugar is reacted to form an alkali metal levulinate, an alkali metal valerate, an alkali metal 5-hydroxy pentanoate, or an alkali metal 5-alkoxy pentanoate. An anolyte is then prepared for use in a electrolytic cell. The anolyte contains the alkali metal levulinate, the alkali metal valerate, the alkali metal 5-hydroxy pentanoate, or the alkali metal 5-alkoxy pentanoate. The anolyte is then decarboxylated. This decarboxylating operates to decarboxylate the alkali metal levulinate, the alkali metal valerate, the alkali metal 5-hydroxy pentanoate, or the alkali metal 5-alkoxy pentanoate to form radicals, wherein the radicals react to form a hydrocarbon fuel compound.
摘要翻译： 碳氢化合物可以由六个碳糖形成。 该方法包括获得一定量的己糖。 己糖可以来自生物质。 使己糖反应形成碱金属乙酰丙酸盐，碱金属戊酸盐，碱金属5-羟基戊酸盐或碱金属5-烷氧基戊酸盐。 然后制备用于电解池的阳极电解液。 阳极电解液含有乙酰丙酸碱金属盐，碱金属戊酸盐，碱金属5-羟基戊酸盐或碱金属5-烷氧基戊酸盐。 然后将阳极电解液脱羧。 该脱羧作用使碱金属乙酰丙酸盐，碱金属戊酸盐，碱金属5-羟基戊酸盐或碱金属5-烷氧基戊酸酯脱羧，形成自由基，其中自由基反应形成烃燃料化合物。
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公开(公告)号：US20110226633A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-22
申请号：US13092685
申请日：2011-04-22
申请人： Sai Bhavaraju , Mukund Karanjikar
发明人： Sai Bhavaraju , Mukund Karanjikar
IPC分类号： C25B3/00
摘要： An aryl-alkyl (R—Ar) hydrocarbon is prepared by an electrosynthesis process in an electrolytic cell having an alkali ion conductive membrane positioned between an anolyte compartment configured with an anode and a catholyte compartment configured with a cathode. An anolyte solution containing an alkali metal salt of an alkyl carboxylic acid and an aryl compound is introduced into the anolyte compartment. The aryl compound may include an alkali metal salt of an aryl carboxylic acid, an arene (aromatic) hydrocarbon, or an aryl alkali metal adduct (Ar−M+). The anolyte solution undergoes electrolytic decarboxylation to form an alkyl radical. The alkyl radical reacts with the aryl compound to produce the aryl-alkyl hydrocarbon.
摘要翻译： 通过电解槽法制备芳基 - 烷基（R-Ar）烃，该电解槽具有位于由阳极构成的阳极电解室与构成阴极的阴极电解室之间的碱离子导电膜。 将含有烷基羧酸和芳基化合物的碱金属盐的阳极电解液引入阳极电解液室。 芳基化合物可以包括芳基羧酸的碱金属盐，芳烃（芳族）烃或芳基碱金属加合物（Ar-M +）。 阳极电解液经历电解脱羧以形成烷基。 烷基与芳基化合物反应生成芳基 - 烷基烃。
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