摘要:
Methods for making a nonlinear optical device and related devices are dissed. The method includes creating an ordered dispersion of charged particles in a surrounding medium. The charged particles and the surrounding medium are chosen such that they initially have identical refractive indices. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, cadmium sulfide inclusions are added to at least one of (a) the particles or (b) the medium. The cadmium sulfide inclusions have a highly nonlinear refractive index. The inclusions are optically nonlinear and upon high intensity radiation the refractive index of the particles change. This change in the refractive index occurs on the order of nanoseconds. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a nonfluorescent dye is incorporated into at least one of (a) the particles or (b) the medium. The dye is photoabsorptive. Upon being impinged with high intensity radiation, the dye absorbs photons and heats the surrounding particles. This temperature increase causes a change in the refractive indices of the particles or medium. When the particle or medium refractive index is altered from that of the medium or particle the array diffracts light and prevents transmission of a specific wavelength. In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention, photorefractive materials such as lithium niobate or barium titanate substances can be used to induce the required optical nonlinearity. Related devices are also disclosed which exhibit high speed optical switching properties. The device may be employed advantageously in an optical computer or optical limiter.
摘要:
A patterned scintillator panel including an extruded scintillator layer comprising a thermoplastic polyolefin and a scintillator material, wherein the scintillator layer comprises a pattern. Also disclosed is a method of making a patterned scintillator panel including forming a scintillator layer by melt extrusion, the scintillator layer comprising thermoplastic particles comprising a thermoplastic polyolefin and a scintillator material; and patterning the scintillator layer. Further disclosed is a method of making a patterned scintillator panel including forming a scintillator layer by injection molding, the scintillator layer comprising thermoplastic particles comprising a thermoplastic polyolefin and a scintillator material; and patterning the scintillator layer.
摘要:
A transparent scintillator panel including an extruded scintillation layer comprising a thermoplastic polyolefin and a scintillator material, wherein the transparent scintillator panel has an intrinsic MTF at least 5% greater than the iH50 of a solvent-coated DRZ+ screen. Also disclosed is a scintillation detection system including a transparent scintillator panel comprising an extruded scintillation layer comprising a thermoplastic olefin and a scintillator material; and at least one photodetector coupled to the transparent scintillator panel, wherein at least one photodetector is configured to detect photons generated from the transparent scintillator panel. Further disclosed is a method of making a transparent scintillator panel including providing thermoplastic particles comprising at least one thermoplastic polyolefin and a scintillator material; and melt extruding the thermoplastic particles to form an extruded scintillation layer.
摘要:
Provided herein are scintillator screens comprising a substrate; a scintillation layer disposed over the substrate, the scintillation layer comprising a scintillator material; and an adhesive layer disposed by solvent coating over the scintillation layer, the adhesive layer comprising solvent-coatable thermally-sensitive elastomer, wherein the adhesive layer has a dust adhesion of ≦1 dust particles/sq.in.
摘要:
A digital radiographic detector having a radiation sensing element with a particulate material dispersed within a binder composition, wherein the binder composition includes a pressure-sensitive adhesive, wherein the particulate material, upon receiving radiation of a first energy level, is excitable to emit radiation of a second energy level, either spontaneously or in response to a stimulating energy of a third energy level. There is an array of photosensors, each photosensor in the array energizable to provide an output signal indicative of the level of emitted radiation of the second energy level that is received. The radiation sensing element bonds directly to, and in optical contact with, either the array of photosensors or an array of optical fibers that guide light to the array of photosensors.
摘要:
A transparent scintillator panel including an extruded scintillation layer comprising a thermoplastic polyolefin and a scintillator material, wherein the transparent scintillator panel has an intrinsic MTF at least 5% greater than the iH50 of a solvent-coated DRZ+ screen. Also disclosed is a scintillation detection system including a transparent scintillator panel comprising an extruded scintillation layer comprising a thermoplastic olefin and a scintillator material; and at least one photodetector coupled to the transparent scintillator panel, wherein at least one photodetector is configured to detect photons generated from the transparent scintillator panel. Further disclosed is a method of making a transparent scintillator panel including providing thermoplastic particles comprising at least one thermoplastic polyolefin and a scintillator material; and melt extruding the thermoplastic particles to form an extruded scintillation layer.
摘要:
A method of forming a color filter is provided. The method includes providing a mixture of a color filter material and a compressed fluid; providing at least a partially controlled environment for retaining a substrate, the at least partially controlled environment being in fluid communication with the mixture of the color filter material and the compressed fluid; providing a shadow mask in close proximity to the substrate retained in the at least partially controlled environment; and chargably releasing the mixture of the color filter material and the compressed fluid into the at least partially controlled environment, wherein the color filter material becomes free of the compressed fluid prior to contacting the substrate at locations defined by the shadow mask thereby forming a patterned deposition on the substrate.
摘要:
An imaging composition comprising a mixture of a solvent and a functional material; wherein the solvent is a compressed fluid and the functional material is a hole transporting material which is dissolved, dispersed and/or solubilized in the compressed fluid; wherein the mixture is thermodynamically stable or thermodynamically metastable or both; wherein the functional material is solvent-free upon deposition on a substrate; and wherein the functional material forms a solid film upon deposition on the substrate.
摘要:
An imaging composition comprises a mixture of a fluid and a functional material; wherein the fluid is compressed and the functional material is an electroluminescent material which is dissolved, dispersed and/or solubilized in the compressed fluid; and wherein the mixture is thermodynamically stable or thermodynamically metastable or both.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion comprised of high chloride cubical silver halide grains containing from 0.05 to 3 mole percent iodide, based on total silver, where the iodide is incorporated in the grains in a controlled, non-uniform distribution forming a core containing at least 50 percent of total silver, an iodide free surface shell having a thickness of greater than 50 Å, and a sub-surface shell that contains a maximum iodide concentration is disclosed, the process comprising: (a) providing in a stirred reaction vessel a dispersing medium and host high chloride silver halide cubical grains comprising a speed enhancing amount of iodide, and (b) precipitating silver halide onto the host grains by introducing at least a silver salt solution into the dispersing medium at a rate such that the normalized molar addition rate, Rn, is above 3.0×10−2 min−1, Rn satisfying the formula: Rn=[Qf×Cf]/M where Qf is the volumetric rate of addition, in L/min, of silver salt solution into the reaction vessel; Cf is the concentration, in moles/L, of the silver salt solution; and M is total moles of silver halide in the host grains in the reaction vessel at the precise moment of addition of the silver salt solution. In a further aspect, this invention is directed towards a photographic recording element comprising a support and at least one light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer comprising silver halide grains prepared as described above. The advantages of the invention are generally accomplished in accordance with the discovery that when the exterior portion of profiled silver iodochloride grains are grown under specific conditions of high molar addition rates, iodochloride emulsions of enhanced sensitivity and photographic curve shape are produced, as speed can be increased while keeping fog to a low level.