公开(公告)号：US5322075A

公开(公告)日：1994-06-21

申请号：US943318

申请日：1992-09-10

申请人： Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Herbert Herman ,  Charles T. Higgins ,  Michael L. Watkins ,  Bruce E. Waymack ,  Sung Yi

发明人： Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Herbert Herman ,  Charles T. Higgins ,  Michael L. Watkins ,  Bruce E. Waymack ,  Sung Yi

IPC分类号： A24F47/00 ,  H05B3/44 ,  A24F1/22

CPC分类号： A24F47/008 ,  H05B3/44

摘要： A smoking article is provided in which a flavor-generating medium is heated electrically to release an aerosol for inhalation by a consumer. The smoking article includes a heater having resistive heating elements printed on a flexible substrate. The heater can be manufactured by circuit board mass production techniques, and can be formed to fit inside an article of the same shape and size as a conventional cigarette. Alternatively, the heater comprises an array of heating elements onto which charges of flavor-generating medium are deposited. The heating elements are connected in a manner which allows the temperature increase in the heater to be concentrated in individually selected heating elements, and requires a minimal number of electrical conductors.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种吸烟制品，其中产生香味的介质被电加热以释放用于消费者吸入的气溶胶。 吸烟制品包括加热器，其具有印刷在柔性基底上的电阻加热元件。 加热器可以通过电路板批量生产技术制造，并且可以形成为适合与常规香烟相同形状和尺寸的制品内部。 或者，加热器包括加热元件的阵列，在其上沉积味道产生介质的电荷。 加热元件以允许加热器中的温度升高集中在单独选择的加热元件中并且需要最少数量的电导体的方式连接。

公开(公告)号：US5188130A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-23

申请号：US443636

申请日：1989-11-29

申请人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Sarojini D. Ariprala ,  Donald B. Losee ,  Bruce E. Waymack ,  Michael L. Watkins

发明人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Sarojini D. Ariprala ,  Donald B. Losee ,  Bruce E. Waymack ,  Michael L. Watkins

IPC分类号： A24F47/00 ,  A24B15/16 ,  C01B21/06 ,  C09K5/00 ,  C09K5/16

CPC分类号： A24B15/165 ,  C09K5/16

摘要： A chemical heat source comprising metal nitride, metal oxide and carbon, particularly useful in smoking articles, and methods of making the heat source are provided. The metal nitride of the heat source has an ignition temperature substantially lower than conventional carbonaceous heat sources, while at the same time provides sufficient heat to release a flavored aerosol from a flavor bed for inhalation by the smoker. Upon combustion the heat source produces virtually no carbon monoxide. The metal nitride is prepared by pre-forming the starting materials into a desired shape, and converting them to metal nitride in situ, without substantially altering the shape of the starting materials.

公开(公告)号：US5665262A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-09

申请号：US370125

申请日：1995-01-09

申请人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Grier S. Fleischhauer ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Charles T. Higgins ,  Patrick H. Hayes ,  Herbert Herman ,  Robert V. Gansert ,  Alfred L. Collins ,  Billy J. Keen, Jr. ,  Bernard C. Laroy ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.

发明人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Grier S. Fleischhauer ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Charles T. Higgins ,  Patrick H. Hayes ,  Herbert Herman ,  Robert V. Gansert ,  Alfred L. Collins ,  Billy J. Keen, Jr. ,  Bernard C. Laroy ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.

IPC分类号： A24F47/00 ,  H05B3/00 ,  H05B3/10 ,  A24F1/22

CPC分类号： A24F47/008

摘要： A cylindrical tube is provided of a mechanically strong and flexible electrical conductor such as a metal and has a plurality of separated regions. An electrically insulating layer such as a ceramic is applied on the outer surface except for one exposed portion. Electrically resistive heaters are then applied to the insulated regions and are electrically connected at one end to the underlying electrical conducting region. The electrical conductor is connected to the negative terminal of a power source. The other end of all the heaters are adapted to be connected to the positive terminal of the source. Accordingly, an electrically resistive heating circuit is formed wherein the tube serves as a common for all of the heating elements. The tubular heater can comprise an exposed end hub with a plurality of blades extending therefrom. Each blade can have an individual heater deposited thereon. Alternatively, every other blade can have a heater deposited thereon. The blades having no heater function as barriers to minimize outward escape of generated vapors. These barrier blades also function as heat sinks for the heaters on adjacent blades.

摘要翻译： 圆柱形管由诸如金属的机械强度和柔性的电导体提供，并且具有多个分离的区域。 电绝缘层例如陶瓷被施加在除了一个暴露部分之外的外表面上。 然后将电阻加热器施加到绝缘区域并且在一端电连接到下面的导电区域。 电导体连接到电源的负极端子。 所有加热器的另一端适于连接到源的正极端子。 因此，形成电阻加热电路，其中管用作所有加热元件的公共端。 管状加热器可以包括具有从其延伸的多个叶片的暴露的端部毂。 每个叶片可以具有沉积在其上的单个加热器。 或者，每隔一个叶片可以具有沉积在其上的加热器。 没有加热器的叶片用作阻挡所产生的蒸汽的向外逸出。 这些挡板还可用作相邻刀片上的加热器的散热器。

公开(公告)号：US5240014A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-31

申请号：US556732

申请日：1990-07-20

申请人： Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Diane S. Kellogg ,  Bruce E. Waymack

发明人： Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Diane S. Kellogg ,  Bruce E. Waymack

IPC分类号： A24D3/16 ,  A24B15/16 ,  A24F47/00 ,  C01B31/00

CPC分类号： A24F47/004 ,  A24B15/165

摘要： An improved carbonaceous heat source suitable for use in a smoking article is provided. The heat source is formed by mixing a carbon component, a catalytic precursor and a binder, forming the mixture into a shape, and supplying heat to the mixture. Upon combustion of the heat source, the catalytic precursor forms a catalyst that converts carbon monoxide produced during combustion of the heat source into a benign substance.

公开(公告)号：US5468936A

公开(公告)日：1995-11-21

申请号：US35733

申请日：1993-03-23

申请人： Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Pamela D. Lieberman ,  Walter A. Nichols ,  Michael L. Watkins

发明人： Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Pamela D. Lieberman ,  Walter A. Nichols ,  Michael L. Watkins

IPC分类号： H05B3/14 ,  H05B3/16 ,  H05B3/26

CPC分类号： H05B3/141

摘要： A heater having a multiple-layer ceramic substrate and a method for fabricating the heater are provided. The heater consists-of a plurality of ceramic layers which are laminated to form a single ceramic substrate. A plurality of resistive heating elements are deposited onto the multiple-layer ceramic substrate, which are connectable to a power source via conductive elements which extend through the substrate to the resistive heating elements. The heater may also include a terminal that allows for convenient electrical and mechanical interfacing to a smoking article.

摘要翻译： 提供具有多层陶瓷基板的加热器及其制造方法。 加热器由多个陶瓷层构成，层叠以形成单个陶瓷基板。 多个电阻加热元件被沉积到多层陶瓷基片上，该多层陶瓷基片可经由穿过基片延伸到电阻加热元件的导电元件连接到电源。 加热器还可以包括允许方便的电气和机械连接到吸烟制品的端子。

公开(公告)号：US5246018A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-21

申请号：US732619

申请日：1991-07-19

申请人： Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Sarojini Deevi ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Harry V. Lanzillotti ,  Arnys C. Lilly, Jr. ,  D. Bruce Losee ,  Michael L. Watkins

发明人： Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Sarojini Deevi ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Harry V. Lanzillotti ,  Arnys C. Lilly, Jr. ,  D. Bruce Losee ,  Michael L. Watkins

IPC分类号： A24B15/16 ,  A24F47/00

CPC分类号： A24F47/004 ,  A24B15/165

摘要： This invention relates to improved methods for making a composite heat source comprising carbon and metal species. The composite heat source made by the methods of this invention have ignition temperatures that are substantially lower than carbonaceous heat sources, while at the same time provide sufficient heat to release a flavored aerosol from a flavor bed for inhalation by the smoker. Upon combustion, the heat source produces substantially no carbon monoxide. The metal species may be prepared by mixing a metal oxide, metal and a carbon source, pre-forming the metal oxide/metal/carbon source mixture into a shape and converting the mixture to metal species in situ, without substantially altering the original shape of the mixture.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及制备包含碳和金属物质的复合热源的改进方法。 通过本发明方法制成的复合热源具有明显低于碳质热源的点火温度，同时提供足够的热量以从香味床上释放由吸烟者吸入的调味气溶胶。 在燃烧时，热源基本上不产生一氧化碳。 金属物质可以通过混合金属氧化物，金属和碳源来制备，将金属氧化物/金属/碳源混合物预成形为一种形状，并将混合物原位转化为金属物质，而基本上不改变原始形状 混合物。

公开(公告)号：US06660109B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-09

申请号：US09984871

申请日：2001-10-31

申请人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Clive Scorey ,  Vinod K. Sikka ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Grier Fleishhauer ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr. ,  Randall M. German

发明人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Clive Scorey ,  Vinod K. Sikka ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Grier Fleishhauer ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr. ,  Randall M. German

IPC分类号： C21D800

CPC分类号： C22C33/0278 ,  B22F3/18 ,  B22F5/006 ,  B22F9/082 ,  B22F2003/248 ,  B22F2009/0824 ,  B22F2009/088 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  C21D8/0205 ,  C21D8/0236 ,  C21D8/0273 ,  C22C1/0491 ,  B22F3/115 ,  B22F3/16 ,  B22F3/24

摘要： A powder metallurgical process of preparing a sheet from a powder having an intermetallic alloy composition such as an iron, nickel or titanium aluminide. The sheet can be manufactured into electrical resistance heating elements having improved room temperature ductility, electrical resistivity, cyclic fatigue resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, low and high temperature strength, and/or resistance to high temperature sagging. The iron aluminide has an entirely ferritic microstructure which is free of austenite and can include, in weight %, 4 to 32% Al, and optional additions such as ≦1% Cr, ≧0.05% Zr ≦2% Ti, ≦2% Mo, ≦1% Ni, ≦0.75% C, ≦0.1% B, ≦1% submicron oxide particles and/or electrically insulating or electrically conductive covalent ceramic particles, ≦1% rare earth metal, and/or ≦3% Cu. The process includes forming a non-densified metal sheet by consolidating a powder having an intermetallic alloy composition such as by roll compaction, tape casting or plasma spraying, forming a cold rolled sheet by cold rolling the non-densified metal sheet so as to increase the density and reduce the thickness thereof and annealing the cold rolled sheet. The powder can be a water, polymer or gas atomized powder which is subjecting to sieving and/or blending with a binder prior to the consolidation step. After the consolidation step, the sheet can be partially sintered. The cold rolling and/or annealing steps can be repeated to achieve the desired sheet thickness and properties. The annealing can be carried out in a vacuum furnace with a vacuum or inert atmosphere. During final annealing, the cold rolled sheet recrystallizes to an average grain size of about 10 to 30 &mgr;m. Final stress relief annealing can be carried out in the B2 phase temperature range.

摘要翻译： 从具有金属间合金组成如粉末铁，镍或钛铝化物的粉末制备片材的粉末冶金方法。 可以将片材制造成具有改善的室温延展性，电阻率，耐循环疲劳性，耐高温氧化性，低和高温强度和/或耐高温下垂的电阻加热元件。 铁铝化物具有完全不含奥氏体的铁素体组织，并且可以以重量％计含有4至32％的Al和任选的添加物，例如<= 1％Cr，> = 0.05％Zr <= 2％Ti， = 2％Mo，<= 1％Ni，≤= 0.75％C，<= 0.1％B，≤1％亚微米级氧化物颗粒和/或电绝缘或导电共价陶瓷颗粒，≤1％稀土金属， 和/或<= 3％Cu。 该方法包括通过将具有金属间化合物组合物的粉末如通过辊压，带铸或等离子体喷涂固结形成非致密金属片，通过冷轧非致密金属片形成冷轧板，以增加 密度并减小其厚度并退火冷轧板。 粉末可以是在固结步骤之前与粘合剂进行筛分和/或共混的水，聚合物或气体雾化粉末。 在固结步骤之后，片材可以部分烧结。 可以重复冷轧和/或退火步骤以实现所需的板厚度和性能。 退火可以在真空或惰性气氛的真空炉中进行。 在最终退火期间，冷轧板再结晶至平均粒径约为10〜30μm。 最终的应力消除退火可以在B2相温度范围内进行。

公开(公告)号：US5620651A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-15

申请号：US426006

申请日：1995-04-20

申请人： Vinod K. Sikka ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Grier S. Fleischhauer ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.

发明人： Vinod K. Sikka ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Grier S. Fleischhauer ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.

IPC分类号： C22C38/00 ,  B22F3/23 ,  C22C1/04 ,  C22C33/02 ,  C22C38/06 ,  C22C38/14 ,  C22C38/54 ,  H01C7/00 ,  H01C13/00 ,  H05B3/12

CPC分类号： C22C33/0278 ,  B22F3/23 ,  C22C1/0491 ,  C22C38/06 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  B22F2999/00

摘要： The invention relates generally to aluminum containing iron-base alloys useful as electrical resistance heating elements. The aluminum containing iron-base alloys have improved room temperature ductility, electrical resistivity, cyclic fatigue resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, low and high temperature strength, and/or resistance to high temperature sagging. The alloy has an entirely ferritic microstructure which is free of austenite and includes, in weight %, over 4% Al, .ltoreq.1% Cr and either .gtoreq.0.05% Zr or ZrO.sub.2 stringers extending perpendicular to an exposed surface of the heating element or .gtoreq.0.1% oxide dispersoid particles. The alloy can contain 14-32% Al, .ltoreq.2% Ti, .ltoreq.2% Mo, .ltoreq.1% Zr, .ltoreq.1% C, .ltoreq.0.1% B, .ltoreq.30% oxide dispersoid and/or electrically insulating or electrically conductive covalent ceramic particles, .ltoreq.1% rare earth metal, .ltoreq.1% oxygen, .ltoreq.3% Cu, balance Fe.

摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及可用作电阻加热元件的含铝铁基合金。 含铝铁基合金具有改善的室温延展性，电阻率，循环耐疲劳性，耐高温氧化性，低，高温强度和/或耐高温下垂的能力。 该合金具有完全不含奥氏体的铁素体组织，其重量百分比包括超过4％的Al，≤1％的Cr和> / = 0.05％的Zr或ZrO2桁条，垂直于加热的暴露表面延伸 元素或> / = 0.1％氧化物分散质颗粒。 该合金可以含有14-32％的Al，2％Ti，2％Mo，1％Zr，1％C，0.1％B，30％ 氧化物分散质和/或电绝缘或导电共价陶瓷颗粒，1％稀土金属，1％氧，3％Cu，余量为Fe。

公开(公告)号：US06607576B1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-19

申请号：US09172375

申请日：1998-10-14

申请人： Vinod K. Sikka ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Grier S. Fleischhauer ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.

发明人： Vinod K. Sikka ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Grier S. Fleischhauer ,  Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr.

IPC分类号： C22C3302

CPC分类号： C22C33/0278 ,  B22F3/23 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  C22C1/0491 ,  C22C38/06 ,  B22F3/04 ,  B22F3/20 ,  B22F3/1208 ,  B22F3/18 ,  B22F3/10 ,  B22F9/082 ,  B22F3/15 ,  B22F2201/05

摘要： The invention relates generally to aluminum containing iron-base alloys useful as electrical resistance heating elements. The aluminum containing iron-base alloys have improved room temperature ductility, electrical resistivity, cyclic fatigue resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, low and high temperature strength, and/or resistance to high temperature sagging. The alloy has an entirely ferritic microstructure which is free of austenite and includes, in weight %, over 4% Al, ≦1% Cr and either ≧0.05% Zr or Zro2 stringers extending perpendicular to an exposed surface of the heating element or ≧0.1% oxide dispersoid particles. The alloy can contain 14-32% Al, ≦2% Ti, ≦2% Mo, ≦1% Zr, ≦1% C, ≦0.1% B. ≦30% oxide dispersoid and/or electrically insulating or electrically conductive covalent ceramic particles, ≦1% rare earth metal, ≦1% oxygen, ≦3% Cu, balance Fe.

摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及可用作电阻加热元件的含铝铁基合金。 含铝铁基合金具有改善的室温延展性，电阻率，循环耐疲劳性，耐高温氧化性，低，高温强度和/或耐高温下垂的能力。 该合金具有完全不含奥氏体的铁素体组织，其重量％包括超过4％的Al，≤1％的Cr和> = 0.05％的Zr或Zro2桁条，垂直于加热元件的暴露表面延伸，或 > = 0.1％氧化物分散质颗粒。 该合金可以含有14-32％的Al，<= 2％Ti，<= 2％Mo，≤1％Zr，≤1％C，<= 0.1％B. <= 30％氧化物分散质和/或电 绝缘或导电共价陶瓷颗粒，<= 1％稀土金属，<= 1％氧，<= 3％Cu，余量为Fe。

公开(公告)号：US06332936B1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-25

申请号：US09399364

申请日：1999-09-20

申请人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Clive Scorey ,  Vinod K. Sikka ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Grier Fleischhauer ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr. ,  Randall M. German

发明人： Mohammad R. Hajaligol ,  Clive Scorey ,  Vinod K. Sikka ,  Seetharama C. Deevi ,  Grier Fleischhauer ,  A. Clifton Lilly, Jr. ,  Randall M. German

IPC分类号： B22F500

CPC分类号： C22C33/0278 ,  B22F3/18 ,  B22F5/006 ,  B22F9/082 ,  B22F2003/248 ,  B22F2009/0824 ,  B22F2009/088 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  C21D8/0205 ,  C21D8/0236 ,  C21D8/0273 ,  C22C1/0491 ,  B22F3/115 ,  B22F3/16 ,  B22F3/24

摘要： A powder metallurgical process of preparing a sheet from a powder having an intermetallic alloy composition such as an iron, nickel or titanium aluminide. The sheet can be manufactured into electrical resistance heating elements having improved room temperature ductility, electrical resistivity, cyclic fatigue resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, low and high temperature strength, and/or resistance to high temperature sagging. The iron aluminide has an entirely ferritic microstructure which is free of austenite and can include, in weight %, 4 to 32% Al, and optional additions such as ≦1% Cr, ≧0.05% Zr ≦2% Ti, ≦2% Mo, ≦1% Ni, ≦0.75% C, ≦0.1% B, ≦1% submicron oxide particles and/or electrically insulating or electrically conductive covalent ceramic particles, ≦1% rare earth metal, and/or ≦3% Cu. The process includes forming a non-densified metal sheet by consolidating a powder having an intermetallic alloy composition such as by roll compaction, tape casting or plasma spraying, forming a cold rolled sheet by cold rolling the non-densified metal sheet so as to increase the density and reduce the thickness thereof and annealing the cold rolled sheet. The powder can be a water, polymer or gas atomized powder which is subjecting to sieving and/or blending with a binder prior to the consolidation step. After the consolidation step, the sheet can be partially sintered. The cold rolling and/or annealing steps can be repeated to achieve the desired sheet thickness and properties. The annealing can be carried out in a vacuum furnace with a vacuum or inert atmosphere. During final annealing, the cold rolled sheet recrystallizes to an average grain size of about 10 to 30 &mgr;m. Final stress relief annealing can be carried out in the B2 phase temperature range.

摘要翻译： 从具有金属间合金组成如粉末铁，镍或钛铝化物的粉末制备片材的粉末冶金方法。 可以将片材制造成具有改善的室温延展性，电阻率，耐循环疲劳性，耐高温氧化性，低和高温强度和/或耐高温下垂的电阻加热元件。 铁铝化物具有完全不含奥氏体的铁素体组织，并且可以以重量％计含有4至32％的Al和任选的添加物，例如<= 1％Cr，> = 0.05％Zr <= 2％Ti， = 2％Mo，<= 1％Ni，≤= 0.75％C，<= 0.1％B，≤1％亚微米级氧化物颗粒和/或电绝缘或导电共价陶瓷颗粒，≤1％稀土金属， 和/或<= 3％Cu。 该方法包括通过将具有金属间化合物组合物的粉末如通过辊压，带铸或等离子体喷涂固结形成非致密金属片，通过冷轧非致密金属片形成冷轧板，以增加 密度并减小其厚度并退火冷轧板。 粉末可以是在固结步骤之前与粘合剂进行筛分和/或共混的水，聚合物或气体雾化粉末。 在固结步骤之后，片材可以部分烧结。 可以重复冷轧和/或退火步骤以实现所需的板厚度和性能。 退火可以在真空或惰性气氛的真空炉中进行。 在最终退火期间，冷轧板再结晶至平均粒径约为10〜30μm。 最终的应力消除退火可以在B2相温度范围内进行。