摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an encode process unit for: (a) allocating image data of an original document into blocks containing a predetermined pixel matrix, and (b) determining from the image data in each block a mean value information and a gradient range exponent for each block; a series copy data generating unit for generating reduction image data for a plurality of reduction images by using the mean value information for each of the blocks as image data for the reduction images so that each pixel of the reduction images corresponds to a respective one of the plurality of blocks of the original document image data; and an image forming unit for forming images based on the reduction image data generated by the series copy data generating unit.
摘要:
A method of image processing includes the steps of allocating image data of a document into a plurality of blocks of a predetermined pixel matrix; determining a gradient range exponent and a mean value information for each of the blocks based on the image data contained in each of the blocks; encoding the image data of each pixel of each of the blocks into code data based on the mean value information and gradient range exponent for the respective block so that the code data defines each pixel with fewer gradation levels than the image data; determining whether or not a mutually adjoining block is related to a solid image of a same density relative to a block subject to the encoding process; and executing a run length encoding process for a batch of mean value information, gradient range exponent, and code data based on a run length of adjoining blocks discriminated as related to a solid image of the same density.
摘要:
In an image processor, image data of red, green and blue are converted to image data of lightness and chromaticities, and they are divided into pixel blocks. Then, image data of each block are compressed to data having 4 gradation levels smaller than 256 levels of the image data by generalized block truncation coding. Then a capacity of image memory can be decreased. An attribute of the image data is decided for each block according to the compressed data. The attribute can be corrected by taking attributes of adjacent blocks into account. Edition of image data such as edge emphasis can be performed according to the attributes. The compressed data are further compressed by deleting data which can be specified according to the attribute.
摘要:
In an image processor, a decider decides based on image data of pixels included in a block whether the block has character attribute of non-character attribute, a first encoder encodes the image data with block truncation coding, and a second encoder encodes the image data which have been encoded by the first encoder. For a block of character attribute, the binarized data binarized by the binarizer are encoded by the first and second encoders. For a block of non-character attribute, the image data are encoded by the first and second encoders without binarization. In a different image processor, it is decide whether image data of pixels in an area consisting of a plurality of blocks are all character, all ground or mixture of character and ground. Then, an encoder encodes the image data in each block differently according to the decision.
摘要:
In an image processor, image data of red, green and blue are converted to image data of lightness and chromaticities, and they are divided into pixel blocks. Then, image data of each block are compressed to data having 4 gradation levels smaller than 256 levels of the image data by generalized block truncation coding. Then, a capacity of image memory can be decreased. An attribute of the image data is decided for each block according to the compressed data. The attribute can be corrected by taking attributes of adjacent blocks into account.
摘要:
A mask blank has a plurality of pattern formation regions in which mask circuit patterns are to be formed, and a supporting region in which any mask circuit pattern is not to be formed. The supporting region is provided for holding the plurality of pattern formation regions while separating the plurality of pattern formation regions from each other. The supporting region has first and second alignment marks. Exposure of a mask made from the mask blank for forming mask circuit patterns thereon is performed on the basis of the first alignment marks, and exposure of a substrate for forming circuit patterns thereon is performed on the basis of the second alignment marks. With this configuration, a mask used for charged particle beam reduction-and-division transfer exposure can be highly accurately produced at a low cost, and exposure of a substrate can be highly accurately performed by using the mask.
摘要:
An organic PTC thermistor having a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity, which comprises a PTC composition comprising an organic polymer having dispersed therein a conductive substance, and at least one pair of electrodes, wherein the conductive substance is tungsten carbide powder; or the electrodes each comprise a metal mesh and a metal layer.
摘要:
A digital color copying machine comprising a memory for storing a multi-level image signal or a binary image signal is disclosed. In a superimpose mode of the copying machine, after an image signal of a first document image stored in the memory is read out, the first document image is superimposed on a second document image on a copying paper.
摘要:
There are disclosed an image forming apparatus such as a digital copying machine and an image forming method. In the image forming apparatus and method, there are transformed supplied reference color image data into plural sample image data having color tones stepwisely different from each other by multiplying the reference color image data one by one by supplied plural color adjustment coefficients, and then, there are recorded plural sample images corresponding to the plural sample image data on a piece of recording paper. When the operator selects one of the plural sample images, a controller alters the supplied reference color image data into another reference color image data responsive to color adjustment coefficients of the selected one of the plural sample images.
摘要:
A copying machine which is capable of copying a single original in the plural form on a copying paper having a size larger than that of the original and a copying process thereof. The first scanning of the single original is performed plural times to form a plurality of electrostatic latent images on a photosensitive material, said images being spaced by an interval equal to the length L which extends in the sub scanning direction of the single original or by an interval L longer than the length, thereby developing the electrostatic latent images with a toner. The resultant toner images are transferred to the copying paper in accordance with the first transfer operation. The second scanning of the original is next performed plural times while delaying a time alone corresponding to the length L which extends in the sub scanning direction of the original image so as to form plural electrostatic latent images with the interval L being left therebetween in the same manner as defined above, whereby the last-mentioned electrostatic latent images are developed with the toner. Each of the resultant toner images is transferred between the toner images formed previously on the copying paper to form consecutive plural reproduced images. Since a transfer charger is actuated in unison with the time when each of the toner image is brought to a transfer position and the icrease in charges on the copying paper is controlled, satisfactory reproduced images can be obtained.