公开(公告)号：US5633959A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-27

申请号：US540052

申请日：1995-10-06

申请人： Shoji Niki ,  Eiji Kimura

发明人： Shoji Niki ,  Eiji Kimura

IPC分类号： G01J4/00 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02B6/00

CPC分类号： G02F1/0136 ,  G01J4/00 ,  G02B6/274 ,  G02B6/2766

摘要： A polarization state changing apparatus which can change the polarization state of an incident polarized light entering to an optical fiber to any direction and can output is provided. This polarization state changing apparatus, in an embodiment, comprises three polarization plane maintaining optical fibers 10, 20 and 300 which are serially connected at two polarization plane changing parts 30 and 30'. Those three polarization plane maintaining optical fibers are connected at the polarization plane changing parts 30 and 30'so that the optical axes X and Y of the adjacent optical fibers are mutually rotated at an angle of 45 degrees in terms of the fiber axis. Stress application parts for applying stress to each of the polarization plane maintaining optical fibers are provided. In a specific example, each optical fiber is wound around each piezoelectric element cylinder and predetermined stress is applied to each optical fiber by driving those piezoelectric element cylinders by power supplies each of which oscillating frequency and generated voltage are both variable. Also, a polarization degree measuring apparatus using the polarization state changing apparatus is provided to measure degree of polarization accurately and quickly.

摘要翻译： 提供了能够将入射到光纤的入射偏振光的偏振状态改变为任何方向并能够输出的偏振状态改变装置。 在一个实施例中，该偏振状态改变装置包括在两个偏振面改变部分30和30'处串联连接的三个偏振平面维持光纤10,20和300。 这三个偏振平面保持光纤在偏振面改变部分30和30'处连接，使得相邻光纤的光轴X和Y以纤维轴为基准以45度的角度相互旋转。 提供了用于对维持光纤的每个偏振面施加应力的应力施加部件。 在具体示例中，每个光纤缠绕在每个压电元件圆柱体上，并且通过每个振荡频率和发生电压都可变的电源来驱动这些压电元件气缸，对每个光纤施加预定的应力。 此外，提供使用偏振态改变装置的偏振度测量装置，以精确和快速地测量偏振度。

公开(公告)号：US20060139116A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-29

申请号：US11299721

申请日：2005-12-12

申请人： Shoji Niki ,  Shin Masuda

发明人： Shoji Niki ,  Shin Masuda

IPC分类号： H03L1/00

CPC分类号： H03L7/099 ,  H03L1/04

摘要： A temperature stabilizer for accurately stabilizing the temperature of an object is provided. The temperature stabilizer stabilizes the temperature of an object to a reference temperature. The temperature stabilizer includes an oscillator provided in proximity to the object, for generating an oscillation signal having a frequency corresponding to an inputted frequency control signal, a phase detector for detecting the phase difference between a feedback signal based on the oscillation signal and a reference clock signal having a predetermined frequency, a loop filter for generating the frequency control signal to synchronize the feedback signal with the reference clock signal based on the output from the phase detector, a comparator for comparing the value of the frequency control signal with a reference value determined corresponding to the reference temperature and an electric heating converter for heating or cooling the object based on the comparison result from the comparator.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于精确稳定物体温度的温度稳定器。 温度稳定器将物体的温度稳定在参考温度。 温度稳定器包括设置在物体附近的振荡器，用于产生具有与输入的频率控制信号对应的频率的振荡信号;相位检测器，用于检测基于振荡信号的反馈信号与基准时钟之间的相位差 具有预定频率的信号;环路滤波器，用于产生频率控制信号以使反馈信号与基准时钟信号基于来自相位检测器的输出同步;比较器，用于将频率控制信号的值与确定的参考值进行比较 对应于参考温度，以及电加热转换器，用于根据比较器的比较结果加热或冷却物体。

公开(公告)号：US5110211A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-05

申请号：US461048

申请日：1990-01-04

申请人： Shoji Niki ,  Jon R. Pawlik

发明人： Shoji Niki ,  Jon R. Pawlik

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J9/02

CPC分类号： G01J9/0246

摘要： In a device which extracts an optical interference signal for analyzing the spectrum of light to be measured, the light to be measured is incident to an optical interferometer capable of sweeping an optical path difference and interference light output therefrom is converted into an electric signal to obtain an optical inteference signal. On the other hand, the optical power of the light to be measured is extracted to create an optical power signal, which is provided to a divider, wherein the optical interference signal is divided by the optical power signal to obtain a noise-free optical interference signal.

摘要翻译： 在提取用于分析待测光的光谱的光干涉信号的装置中，被测光入射到能够扫描光程差的光干涉仪，并将从其输出的干涉光转换为电信号，以获得 光学信号。 另一方面，提取要测量的光的光功率以产生提供给分频器的光功率信号，其中光干涉信号被光功率信号除以获得无噪声的光干扰 信号。

公开(公告)号：US4468614A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-28

申请号：US378268

申请日：1982-05-14

申请人： Toshiro Takahashi ,  Shoji Niki

发明人： Toshiro Takahashi ,  Shoji Niki

IPC分类号： G01R23/02 ,  G01R23/10

CPC分类号： G01R23/02 ,  G01R23/10

摘要： An average frequency measuring apparatus in which auxiliary gate signals are converted into synchronized gate signals synchronized with either input signals or clock signals; first and second gates are opened by the synchronized gate signals; the input signals and the clock signals having passed through the first and second gates are counted by first and second counters, respectively; and the frequency of the input signals is calculated from the count values of the first and second counters for a plurality of occurrences of the synchronized gate signal. A third counter is provided for counting the number of the synchronized gate signals, and a minimum counting time is calculated by calculating means from the count values of the third and second counters and the set measurement accuracy. When it is detected from the count value of the second or third counter that the actual counting time has been exceeded, measurement is stopped, thereby obtaining measured results of accuracy at least higher than the set measurement accuracy.

摘要翻译： 平均频率测量装置，其中辅助门信号被转换成与输入信号或时钟信号同步的同步门信号; 第一和第二门由同步的门信号打开; 已经通过第一和第二门的输入信号和时钟信号分别由第一和第二计数器计数; 并且对于多个同步的门信号的出现，从第一和第二计数器的计数值计算输入信号的频率。 提供第三计数器用于对同步的门信号的数量进行计数，并且通过从第三和第二计数器的计数值和设定的测量精度计算装置来计算最小计数时间。 当从第二或第三计数器的计数值检测到实际计数时间已被超过时，测量停止，从而获得至少高于设定的测量精度的测量结果。

公开(公告)号：US07324208B2

公开(公告)日：2008-01-29

申请号：US11504982

申请日：2006-08-16

申请人： Shoji Niki

发明人： Shoji Niki

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/45 ,  H01S3/13

CPC分类号： G01J9/04 ,  H04J14/02

摘要： An optical frequency measurement apparatus of the present invention includes: a coarse light frequency measurer that computes coarse light frequency (Fw) of measured input light based on a reference wavelength that is a wavelength of reference light; a pulsed light source that generates pulsed light including a plurality of optical frequency components with different repetition frequency (fs1) based on reference frequency (Fs) that is frequency of the reference light; a first beat signal generating section that generates a first beat signal having a first difference frequency (fc) that is difference frequency between optical frequency of the pulsed light closest to optical frequency of the measured input light among the plurality of optical frequency components and the optical frequency of the measured input light; a frequency measurer that measures the first difference frequency (fc) of the first beat signal; and an arithmetic section that computes the fine light frequency (Fx) based on the coarse light frequency (Fw), the reference frequency (Fs), the repetition frequency (fs1), and the first difference frequency (fc).

摘要翻译： 本发明的光频测量装置包括：粗光频率测量器，其基于作为参考光的波长的参考波长计算测量的输入光的粗光频率（Fw）; 脉冲光源，其以基于参考光的频率的参考频率（Fs）产生包括具有不同重复频率（fs 1）的多个光频率分量的脉冲光; 第一拍子信号生成部，其生成具有第一差分频率（fc）的第一拍子信号，所述第一差分频率（fc）是所述多个光学频率分量中的所述测量输入光的最接近光频率的脉冲光的光频与所述光学 测量输入光的频率; 频率测量器，其测量第一差拍信号的第一差分频率（fc）; 以及基于粗光频率（Fw），基准频率（Fs），重复频率（fs1）和第一差分频率（fc）来计算精细光频率（Fx）的算术部分。

公开(公告)号：US07230691B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-12

申请号：US10567446

申请日：2004-08-04

申请人： Shoji Niki

发明人： Shoji Niki

IPC分类号： G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01M11/33 ,  G01J3/28

摘要： A photometer includes a spectrometer that extracts a component of a predetermined wavelength band from incident light, a coupler that branches the predetermined wavelength band component into a first direction and a second direction, an optical switch that includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal, an optical amplifier that receives light from the second output terminal and outputs amplified light, which is obtained by amplifying the light, to an incident light receiving section of the spectrometer, and a photodetector that is connected to the first output terminal and detects light.

摘要翻译： 光度计包括从入射光提取预定波长带的分量的光谱仪，将预定波长带分量分支成第一方向和第二方向的耦合器，包括第一输入端，第二输入端的光开关 ，第一输出端子和第二输出端子，光放大器，其从第二输出端子接收光，并将通过放大光获得的放大光输出到光谱仪的入射光接收部分;以及光电检测器， 连接到第一输出端子并检测光。

公开(公告)号：US3932814A

公开(公告)日：1976-01-13

申请号：US471635

申请日：1974-05-20

申请人： Shoji Niki

发明人： Shoji Niki

IPC分类号： H03J7/18 ,  G01R23/14 ,  H03J3/14 ,  H03J7/28 ,  H04B1/06 ,  H04B1/26 ,  H04B1/36

CPC分类号： H03J7/28 ,  H03J3/14

摘要： An input signal and a local oscillator signal are supplied to a harmonic mixer. The local oscillator signal is swept over a frequency range. The output from the harmonic mixer is supplied to an intermediate frequency filter having a preselected frequency response, which provides an output signal when the difference formed by subtracting one of the input signal frequency and one harmonic frequency of the local oscillator signal from the other is equal to the intermediate frequency or when the difference formed by subtracting the other frequency from said one frequency is equal to the intermediate frequency as the local oscillator frequency is swept. By choosing a time interval between the times when the pair of intermediate frequency output signals are obtained, the order of that harmonic of the local oscillator signal with which the intermediate frequency output signal is obtained is determined depending on the frequency of the input signal. Thus, with a chosen time interval, when the frequency sweep of the local oscillator signal is interrupted with the later occurring one of the pair of the intermediate frequency output signals, the frequency of the local oscillator permits, together with the order of selected harmonic which corresponds to the chosen time interval and the direction of the frequency sweep, the frequency of the input signal to be determined. By using a definite time interval between the pair of intermediate frequency signals obtained and adjusting the rate of the frequency sweep, the order of the harmonic which is effective to obtain the intermediate frequency signals can be varied.

摘要翻译： 输入信号和本地振荡器信号被提供给谐波混频器。 本地振荡器信号在频率范围内扫描。 来自谐波混频器的输出被提供给具有预选频率响应的中频滤波器，当通过从另一个减去本地振荡器信号的输入信号频率和一个谐波频率之一而形成的差异时，该中频滤波器提供输出信号 当通过从所述一个频率中减去另一个频率而形成的差值等于本地振荡器频率被扫描时的中间频率。 通过选择获得一对中频输出信号的时间之间的时间间隔，可以根据输入信号的频率确定获得中频输出信号的本地振荡器信号的谐波的次序。 因此，以所选择的时间间隔，当本地振荡器信号的频率扫描被中频一对中频输出信号中的稍后出现时，本地振荡器的频率与所选谐波的顺序一起允许 对应于所选择的时间间隔和频率扫描的方向，即要确定的输入信号的频率。 通过使用所获得的一对中频信号之间的确定的时间间隔并且调整频率扫描的速率，可以改变有效获得中频信号的谐波的阶数。

公开(公告)号：US20060203228A1

公开(公告)日：2006-09-14

申请号：US10567446

申请日：2004-08-04

申请人： Shoji Niki

发明人： Shoji Niki

IPC分类号： G01J1/42

CPC分类号： G01M11/33 ,  G01J3/28

摘要： A minimum-configuration photometer capable of measuring both wavelength characteristics and optical spectral characteristics. The photometer includes an optical amplifier, a spectrometer for taking out a specified wavelength band component from an amplified light, a coupler for branching the specified wavelength band component to two directions, a photoswitch having a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal, and a photodetecting section wherein the first input terminal is connected with one end of an article being measured, the second input terminal is connected with the coupler, the first output terminal is connected with the photodetecting section, and the second output terminal is connected with the input side of the optical amplifier. The photoswitch connects the second input terminal with the second output terminal, and connects the first input terminal with the first output terminal (wavelength characteristics measuring unit), or connects the second input terminal with the first output terminal, and connects the first input terminal with the second output terminal (spectral analyzer).

摘要翻译： 能够测量波长特性和光谱特性两者的最小配置光度计。 光度计包括光放大器，用于从放大的光取出指定波长带分量的光谱仪，用于将特定波长带分量分支到两个方向的耦合器，具有第一输入端，第二输入端，第一输入端 输出端子和第二输出端子;以及受光部，其中，所述第一输入端子与待测物品的一端连接，所述第二输入端子与所述耦合器连接，所述第一输出端子与所述光电检测部分连接， 并且第二输出端子与光放大器的输入侧连接。 光开关将第二输入端子与第二输出端子连接，将第一输入端子与第一输出端子（波长特性测量单元）连接，或者将第二输入端子与第一输出端子连接，将第一输入端子与 第二个输出端子（频谱分析仪）。

公开(公告)号：US07079231B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-18

申请号：US11273693

申请日：2005-11-14

申请人： Takashi Kido ,  Shoji Niki

发明人： Takashi Kido ,  Shoji Niki

IPC分类号： G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01M11/338

摘要： An optical network analyzer for measuring an optical characteristic of an object to be measured, including: a first multiplexer for multiplexing a first optical signal which has transmitted the object to be measured, and a second optical signal having a frequency different from the first optical signal, and for outputting a third optical signal; a first photoelectrical converter for converting the third optical signal into a first electric signal; and a phase measurement block for comparing phases of the first electric signal and a first reference signal.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量待测物体的光学特性的光网络分析仪，包括：第一多路复用器，用于复用已发送被测物体的第一光信号和具有与第一光信号不同的频率的第二光信号 并且用于输出第三光信号; 第一光电转换器，用于将第三光信号转换成第一电信号; 以及用于比较第一电信号和第一参考信号的相位的相位测量块。

公开(公告)号：US4680540A

公开(公告)日：1987-07-14

申请号：US629791

申请日：1984-07-11

申请人： Shoji Niki ,  Toshiro Takahashi ,  Yohei Hirakoso

发明人： Shoji Niki ,  Toshiro Takahashi ,  Yohei Hirakoso

IPC分类号： G01R23/02 ,  G01R23/00 ,  G01R23/10

CPC分类号： G01R23/00

摘要： A synchronizing gate signal is generated in synchronism with an input signal or a clock signal, and first and second gates are opened by the synchronizing gate signal. The input signal having passed through the first gate is counted by a first counter circuit, and the clock signal having passed through the second gate is frequency-divided by a divide-by-10.sup.n frequency divider. An output from the frequency divider is counted by a second counter means. The synchronizing gate signal is generated under the control of a control circuit, and is prevented from being generated when the output from the frequency divider is applied to the control circuit. The n in the frequency-division ratio 1/10.sup.n of the frequency divider and a maximum count P of a third counter circuit are determined from a count of the third counter circuit, a preset measurement accuracy, and a period of the clock signal at the time one output is produced from the frequency divider, the n being set in the frequency divider. The control circuit is caused to generate the synchronizing gate signal. When the output from the frequency divider is obtained, the count is picked up from the first counter circuit and the synchronizing gate signal is generated again in a repetitive process. Each time the output from the frequency divider is obtained, an average frequency is calculated from the counts of the first counter circuit and the second counter circuit. Until the count of the second counter circuit reaches P, a display indicates that a displayed average frequency has the preset measurement accuracy.

摘要翻译： 同步门信号与输入信号或时钟信号同步产生，第一和第二门由同步门信号打开。 通过第一栅极的输入信号由第一计数器电路计数，并且通过第二栅极的时钟信号被除以10n分频器分频。 来自分频器的输出由第二计数器计数。 在控制电路的控制下产生同步门信号，并且当分频器的输出被施加到控制电路时，防止产生同步门信号。 分频器的分频比1 / 10n中的n和第三计数器电路的最大计数P由第三计数器电路的计数，预设的测量精度和时钟信号的周期确定 从分频器产生时间一个输出，n分频器中设置n个。 使控制电路产生同步门信号。 当获得来自分频器的输出时，从第一计数器电路拾取计数，并且在重复处理中再次产生同步门信号。 每次获得分频器的输出时，根据第一计数器电路和第二计数器电路的计数来计算平均频率。 在第二计数器电路的计数达到P之前，显示器显示所显示的平均频率具有预设的测量精度。