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公开(公告)号：US06375827B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09497644
申请日：2000-02-03
IPC分类号： C02F1461
CPC分类号： B01D53/326 , A61L2/035 , C02F1/46109 , C02F1/4672 , C02F1/4676 , C02F2001/46138 , C02F2101/305
摘要： An electrochemical treating apparatus comprising an electrolytic cell comprising an anode and a cathode spaced apart from the anode, the anode including an electrode material made of diamond and the cathode including an electrode material made of diamond. Also disclosed is an electrochemical treating method for electrochemically decomposing a substance contained in a gas or solution, which comprises introducing a gas or solution containing a substance to be treated into the electrolytic cell, passing an electric current through the electrolytic cell, and recovering a treated gas or solution. In a preferred embodiment, the electrolytic cell comprises an anode including an electrode material made of diamond, a cathode including an electrode material made of diamond and an ion exchange resin or an ion exchange membrane as an electrolyte disposed between the anode and the cathode.
摘要翻译： 一种电化学处理装置，包括电解槽，阳极和阴极与阳极间隔开，阳极包括由金刚石制成的电极材料，阴极包括由金刚石制成的电极材料。 还公开了一种用于电化学分解包含在气体或溶液中的物质的电化学处理方法，其包括将含有待处理物质的气体或溶液引入电解槽中，使电流通过电解槽，并回收处理过的 气体或溶液。 在优选实施例中，电解槽包括由金刚石制成的电极材料的阳极，包含由金刚石制成的电极材料的阴极和离子交换树脂或者设置在阳极和阴极之间的电解质的离子交换膜。
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公开(公告)号：US5538585A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-23
申请号：US245562
申请日：1994-05-18
IPC分类号： C25B11/08 , C25B1/13 , C25B11/12 , H01M4/86 , H01M4/88 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/10 , B32B31/20 , B05D5/12
CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 , C25B1/13 , C25B11/12 , H01M4/885 , H01M4/8882 , H01M4/96 , H01M2300/0082 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A process for producing a gas electrode is disclosed, comprising sintering a mixture of carbon powder and a fluorine resin powder to form a sheet as a gas electrode base, coating one side of the sheet base with an organic solution prepared by dissolving a platinum group metal salt in an organic solvent capable of forming an organic complex with the metal salt, drying the coating layer, and calcining the coating layer at a temperature of from 250.degree. to 380.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere to reduce the platinum group metal oxide thereby forming a catalyst layer on the sheet base. Reduction (calcination) of the platinum group metal salt can be effected without using dangerous hydrogen gas and without being accompanied by decomposition of the fluorine resin and provides a uniform catalyst layer comprising fine platinum particles having a large surface area with a minimized thickness.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种制造气体电极的方法，包括将碳粉和氟树脂粉末的混合物烧结以形成作为气体电极基底的片材，用通过溶解铂族金属制备的有机溶液涂覆片材基底的一侧 盐在能够与金属盐形成有机配合物的有机溶剂中，干燥涂层，并在惰性气氛中在250-380℃的温度下煅烧涂层，从而减少铂族金属氧化物 在片材基材上形成催化剂层。 铂族金属盐的还原（煅烧）可以在不使用危险氢气的情况下进行而不伴随氟树脂的分解，并且提供包含具有最小厚度的具有大表面积的细铂颗粒的均匀催化剂层。
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3.发明授权Electrolytic cell and processes for producing alkali hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide 失效电解池和碱氢氧化物和过氧化氢的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US5437771A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-01
申请号：US196442
申请日：1994-02-15
摘要： The electrolytic cell 1 for producing alkali hydroxide or hydrogen peroxide is divided into the anode compartment 3 and the cathode compartment 4 by the cation exchange membrane 2. The cathode compartment 4 is further divided by the anion exchange membrane 6 into the solution compartment 7 containing a concentrated aqueous solution of alkali hydroxide and the gas compartment accommodating the gas cathode 8. The anion exchange membrane 6 prevents the gas cathode 8 from coming into direct or indirect contact with the aqueous solution of alkali hydroxide. This leads to the extended life of the gas cathode. The above-mentioned arrangement is effective in large-sized electrolytic cells. Thus, the present invention can be applied to industrial electrolysis which has never been achieved with the conventional gas electrode.
摘要翻译： 用于生产碱金属氢氧化物或过氧化氢的电解池1通过阳离子交换膜2分成阳极室3和阴极室4.阴极室4进一步被阴离子交换膜6分成溶液室7， 碱性氢氧化物的浓缩水溶液和容纳气体阴极8的气室。阴离子交换膜6防止气体阴极8与碱金属氢氧化物水溶液直接或间接接触。 这导致气体阴极的寿命延长。 上述布置在大尺寸电解槽中是有效的。 因此，本发明可以应用于以往的气体电极从未实现的工业电解。
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公开(公告)号：US06547947B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US09526061
申请日：2000-03-15
IPC分类号： C02F1461
CPC分类号： C02F1/4672 , C02F1/4602 , C02F1/4618 , C02F1/4674 , C02F1/722 , C02F2001/46138 , C02F2001/46157 , C02F2001/46161 , C02F2001/46166 , C02F2303/04 , C25B1/30
摘要： A method and apparatus for water treatment. The method comprises supplying an oxygen-containing gas to cathode 6 to yield hydrogen peroxide, supplying an inorganic acid to anode 5 through an acid solution addition opening 4 to yield an oxidation product, e.g., hypochlorous acid, and using both the hydrogen peroxide and oxidation product thus generated to treat a liquid to be treated. The atmosphere around the cathode surface is kept neutral to acidic due to the acidity of the coexisting oxidation product to thereby inhibit the deposition of metal hydroxides.
摘要翻译： 一种水处理方法和装置。 该方法包括向阴极6供给含氧气体以产生过氧化氢，通过酸溶液添加开口4向阳极5供应无机酸，得到氧化产物，例如次氯酸，并使用过氧化氢和氧化 因此产生用于处理待处理液体的产品。 由于共存的氧化产物的酸度，阴极表面周围的气氛保持中性至酸性，从而抑制金属氢氧化物的沉积。
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公开(公告)号：US06296754B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-02
申请号：US09421854
申请日：1999-10-20
申请人： Yasuki Yoshida , Setsuro Ogata , Yoshinori Nishiki , Shuji Nakamatsu , Hiroshi Inoue , Chiaki Iwakura
发明人： Yasuki Yoshida , Setsuro Ogata , Yoshinori Nishiki , Shuji Nakamatsu , Hiroshi Inoue , Chiaki Iwakura
IPC分类号： C25B100
CPC分类号： B01D53/326
摘要： A method of reducing nitrous oxide which comprises introducing nitrous oxide into a reaction chamber disposed in contact with an electrolytic chamber having an anode and a cathode comprising a hydrogen-absorbing material, the cathode serving as a diaphragm separating the reaction chamber and the electrolytic chamber, and contacting the nitrous oxide with the diaphragm to thereby continuously reduce the nitrous oxide with hydrogen atoms electrolytically generated on the cathode, absorbed by the hydrogen-absorbing material and passing through the diaphragm. The cathode preferably has catalyst comprising a platinum group metal black deposited on the side of the cathode opposite the anode. Also disclosed is an electrolytic cell for the reduction of nitrous oxide partitioned with a diaphragm into an electrolytic chamber having an anode and a reduction reaction chamber, the diaphragm comprising a hydrogen-absorbing material, and the side of the diaphragm facing the electrolytic chamber serving as a cathode.
摘要翻译： 一种还原一氧化二氮的方法，其包括将一氧化二氮引入与具有包含吸氢材料的阳极和阴极的电解室接触的反应室中，所述阴极用作分隔反应室和电解室的隔膜， 并使一氧化二氮与隔膜接触，由此在阴极上电解生成的氢原子连续地还原一氧化二氮，被氢吸收材料吸收并通过隔膜。 阴极优选具有沉积在与阳极相对的阴极侧的铂族金属黑的催化剂。 还公开了一种用于将用隔膜分隔的一氧化二氮还原成具有阳极和还原反应室的电解室的电解池，该隔膜包括吸氢材料，并且隔膜的面向电解室的侧面用作 一个阴极。
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公开(公告)号：US5565082A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-15
申请号：US325612
申请日：1994-10-19
申请人： Shuji Nakamatsu , Yoshinori Nishiki
发明人： Shuji Nakamatsu , Yoshinori Nishiki
CPC分类号： C25B1/46
摘要： A method for brine electrolysis using a gas electrode and an electrolytic cell therefor, in which gas electrode 31 permeable to gas and liquid is arranged in cathode chamber 24 in contact with ion-exchange membrane 22. Sodium hydroxide produced on electrode substance 30 of gas electrode 31 easily penetrates the gas electrode and is recovered from the cathode chamber. No sodium hydroxide is produced within the ion-exchange membrane so that penetration of sodium hydroxide into the anode chamber is thereby prevented.
摘要翻译： 一种使用气体电极及其电解槽的盐水电解方法，其中气体和液体可透气的气体电极31设置在与离子交换膜22接触的阴极室24中。在气体电极的电极物质30上产生的氢氧化钠 31容易地穿透气体电极并从阴极室回收。 在离子交换膜内不产生氢氧化钠，从而防止氢氧化钠渗入阳极室。
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公开(公告)号：US4935110A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-19
申请号：US276732
申请日：1988-11-28
摘要： Electrode structures of solid polymer electrolyte type for use in electrolysis are disclosed, (i) in which an adhering layer containing fine particles loaded with a .beta.-lead dioxide powder is formed on one surface of an ion-exchange membrane serving as a solid polymer electrolyte, and an electrodeposited layer of lead dioxide being formed on the surface of the adhering layer, and (ii) in which an electrodeposited layer of lead dioxide having dispersed therein fine particles loaded with a .beta.-lead dioxide powder is formed electrolytically between an ion-exchange membrane serving as a solid polymer electrolyte and a current collector positioned close to the ion-exchange membrane, to thereby form a unitary assembly. The present electrode structures are useful for production of ozone by electrolysis of water and for production of peroxides by electrolysis of aqueous solutions.
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公开(公告)号：US06312571B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US09511989
申请日：2000-02-24
IPC分类号： C25B900
CPC分类号： C25B11/0484
摘要： An activated cathode comprising an electrically conductive substrate, an interlayer comprising a nickel oxide formed on the surface of the electrically conductive substrate, and a catalyst layer containing at least one lanthanum component selected from oxides and hydroxides of lanthanum metals and at least one platinum component selected from platinum metals and silver and oxides and hydroxides thereof formed on the interlayer. A process for the preparation of an activated cathode is also disclosed which comprises forming an interlayer comprising a nickel oxide on the surface of an electrically conductive substrate, and then forming a catalyst layer containing at least one lanthanum component selected from oxides and hydroxides of lanthanum metals and at least one platinum. component selected from platinum metals and silver and oxides and hydroxides thereof on the surface of the interlayer.
摘要翻译： 包括导电基底的活化阴极，包含形成在导电基底表面上的氧化镍的中间层和包含至少一种镧组分的催化剂层，所述镧组分选自镧金属的氧化物和氢氧化物以及至少一种铂组分 由铂金属和银和其在中间层上形成的氧化物和氢氧化物组成。 还公开了一种制备活性阴极的方法，其包括在导电基材的表面上形成包含氧化镍的中间层，然后形成含有至少一种选自镧金属的氧化物和氢氧化物的镧组分的催化剂层 和至少一个铂。 组分选自铂金属和银，以及它们在中间层表面上的氧化物和氢氧化物。
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公开(公告)号：US5326444A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-05
申请号：US28169
申请日：1993-03-09
摘要： An electrolytic ozone generating apparatus comprising a closely adhered electrode structure of(i) an anode composed of an electrically conductive porous material carrying an ozone generating catalyst,(ii) a perfluorocarbonsulfonic acid ion-exchange membrane which is a solid electrolyte, and(iii) a cathode composed of a gas electrode carrying a catalyst, andmeans for supplying an oxygen-containing gas to the cathode side,wherein the gas electrode as the cathode has a hydrophilic property and a hydrophobic property and carries a catalyst unevenly distributed therein at the ion-exchange membrane side, and a process for generating ozone using the apparatus. The electrolysis is conducted while supplying an oxygen-containing gas to the cathode side.
摘要翻译： 一种电解臭氧发生装置，包括：（i）由承载臭氧产生催化剂的导电多孔材料构成的阳极，（ii）作为固体电解质的全氟化碳磺酸离子交换膜，以及（iii） 由携带催化剂的气体电极构成的阴极以及向阴极侧供给含氧气体的装置，其中作为阴极的气体电极具有亲水性和疏水性，并携带在离子中不均匀分布的催化剂 交换膜侧，以及使用该装置产生臭氧的方法。 在向阴极侧供给含氧气体的同时进行电解。
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10.发明授权Process for producing cathode and process for electrolysis using said cathode 失效用于生产阴极的方法和使用所述阴极进行电解的方法
公开(公告)号：US5035779A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-30
申请号：US440835
申请日：1989-11-24
CPC分类号： C25B11/0484
摘要： A cathode for electrolysis, particularly of a sodium chloride aqueous solution by an ion-exchange membrane method, and a process for producing the same, the cathode comprising a conductive base having a nickel surface and having provided thereon (a) at least one platinum group component selected from the group consisting of a platinum group metal, a platinum group metal oxide, and a platinum group metal hydroxide, and (b) at least one cerium component selected from the group consisting of cerium, cerium oxide, and cerium hydroxide, retaining a markedly reduced hydrogen overpotential for an extended period of time and exhibiting excellent resistance to impurities in the electrolytic solution.
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