摘要:
Tracking system for guiding an optical beam on tracks on an optical disc, said tracking system comprising a photodetector (A1, A2) for detecting optical beams derived from said optical beam, said photodetector generating a first output signal (A) and a second output signal (B), said tracking system comprising first processing means for generating a first differential signal (PP(DC)) corresponding to the low-frequency part of a difference between said first and second output signals. The tracking system comprises second processing means for generating a tracking error signal (PP(AC/DC)) defined by the addition of said first differential signal (PP(DC)) to a second differential signal (PP′(AC)), said second differential signal corresponding to a fraction of the difference in amplitude of the high-frequency components of said first and second output signals. Use: Optical disc player/writer.
摘要:
Tracking system for guiding an optical beam on tracks on an optical disc, said tracking system comprising a photodetector (A1, A2) for detecting optical beams derived from said optical beam, said photodetector generating a first output signal (A) and a second output signal (B), said tracking system comprising first processing means for generating a first differential signal (PP(DC)) corresponding to the low-frequency part of a difference between said first and second output signals. The tracking system comprises second processing means for generating a tracking error signal (PP(AC/DC)) defined by the addition of said first differential signal (PP(DC)) to a second differential signal (PP′(AC)), said second differential signal corresponding to a fraction of the difference in amplitude of the high-frequency components of said first and second output signals. Use: Optical disc player/writer.
摘要:
A method of determining a color transformation for images of biological material includes preparing a first set of biological test objects using a first preparation method, and preparing a second set of biological test objects using a second preparation method. Each test object in the second set of test objects corresponding to a counterpart test object in the first set of test objects, the test object and its counterpart being of the same biological type of material. For each test object in the first and second set of test objects, the color of the test object is determined thereby generating a first and second set of colors The method further includes generating a conversion table indicating a mapping between the colors in the first set of colors and the corresponding colors in the second set of colors. The first and second preparation methods include first and second staining methods, respectively.
摘要:
An optical beam shaper comprises a polarization-dependent phase adjustment member which applies a phase pattern of equal magnitude and opposite sign to two orthogonal polarization states. In a preferred embodiment the beamer shaper is a dif tractive element made of a birefringent material, such as a photo-polymerizable liquid crystal polymer frozen in a uniaxial alignment, said dif tractive element comprising a plurality of zones, each zone having a stepped thickness defining a plurality of steps. The beam shaper can be used to introduce astigmatism to a polarized light beam or to undo the astigmatism to a beam with an orthogonal polarization state. The beam shaper is advantageously used within a detection device, such as a fluorescence scanner.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device (1) for detection of excitation (110) using a multiple spot arrangement (60), in which a multiple spot generator (50) is matched to the multiple spot arrangement (60) in such a way that light (100) entering the multiple spot generator (50) will be guided to defined areas on the multiple spot arrangement (60).
摘要:
The invention relates to an optical scanning device (10) comprising: a spot generator (20) for generating a two-dimensional array (8) of radiation spots at lattice points Pmn=mT1+nT2 (m=1 to L1, n=1 to L2) where T 1 is a first lattice vector and T2 is a second lattice vector, and scanning means for scanning a sample (26) through the array of radiation spots in a scanning direction such that the radiation spots trace essentially equidistant lines (81, 82, 83) relative to the sample. According to the invention, the angle γ between the scanning direction and the first lattice vector T1 is at most as large as the angle between the scanning direction and the second lattice vector T2, and the ratio L1/L2 is less than 0.6. According to a preferred embodiment, L1 differs from Λ by less then 1.0 or L1 equals Λ with a tolerance of 10% or, Λ being defined by √2 D/R=(1+Λ2) Λ, D being the length of a lattice diagonal and R being the resolution. The invention further relates to an optical scanning method.
摘要:
The invention relates to a spot generator (10) having: —an entrysurface (12) for receiving an incident light beam (20) and an exit surface (14) for (22, 24) transmitting the light beam, the entry surface defining an entryside (16) and the exit surface defining an exit side (18). According to the invention, the spot generator is designed to modulate the incident light beam to generate on the exit side a first plurality (22) and a second plurality (24) of separate light spots, each light spot belonging to the first plurality having a first angular spectrum and each light spot belonging to the second plurality having a second angular spectrum different than the first angular spectrum. Advantageously, the spot generator comprises a periodic binary phase structure. The invention further relates to a multi-spot scanning microscope and to a method of imaging a microscopic sample.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device (1) for detection of excitation (110) using a multiple spot arrangement (60), in which a multiple spot generator (50) is matched to the multiple spot arrangement (60) in such a way that light (100) entering the multiple spot generator (50) will be guided to defined areas on the multiple spot arrangement (60).
摘要:
The invention relates to a holographic data storage medium (4) in which there are sections (20) which are used for data storage and sections (21) which are not. A diffractive structure (30a, 30b) is provided in respect of one or more of the unused sections (21), possibly at each of the boundaries between the used (20) and unused sections (21) or within the volume of a respective unused section (21) of the data storage volume. During read-out, a reference wave (6) is diffracted by the diffractive structure (30b) such that it enters a used section (20) (from the right) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis (16) of the signal wave (26). During recording, a reference wave (2) is diffracted by the diffractive structure (30a) such that it enters the used section (20) (from the left) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axes (1b) of the signal wave (1).
摘要:
An optical scanning device for scanning an information layer (2) of an optical record carrier (3). The device includes a radiation source (7) for providing at least a first radiation beam of a first polarization along a first optical path, and a second radiation beam of a second, different polarization along a second, different optical path. An objective lens system, having an optical axis (19a), is arranged to converge the radiation beams on the information layer A beam-deflecting element (30) comprising a birefringent material is orientated such that each of said polarized radiation beams experiences a different index of refraction upon passing through the birefringent material, and is arranged to refract at least the first radiation beam towards the optical axis.