Abstract:
A semiconductor chip includes a plurality of regional clock distribution nodes located on the semiconductor chip; a plurality of clock buffers, each being operable to produce a respective output clock signal from an associated input clock signal in accordance with an error signal, the outputs of a subset of the plurality of clock buffers being coupled to respective ones of the plurality of regional clock distribution nodes; and a plurality of phase detectors, each being operable to produce a respective error signal indicative of phase differences between the output clock signals of at least two of the regional clock distribution nodes, wherein the clock buffers adjust the respective output clock signals in accordance with the respective error signals.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus enable: the partitioning of a main memory into a plurality of blocks, each block being adjacent to at least one of the other blocks, and each block including a plurality of data units containing one or more bits of data; the partitioning of each block of the main memory into a plurality of zones, each zone containing one or more of the data units; the association of at least some of the respective zones of each given block with respective others of the adjacent blocks to the given block; and the pre-fetching of a given one of the other blocks into a cache memory when any one of the data units within any of the associated zones of that block is addressed.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for controlling a cache memory are described in which the overwriting of floating point data into any cache line of the cache memory is prohibited when the data stored in such cache line are valid, integer data.
Abstract:
A multi-processing computer architecture and a method of operating the same are provided. The multi-processing architecture provides a main processor and multiple sub-processors cascaded together to efficiently execute loop operations. The main processor executes operations outside of a loop and controls the loop. The multiple sub-processors are operably interconnected, and are each assigned by the main processor to a given loop iteration. Each sub-processor is operable to receive one or more sub-instructions sequentially, operate on each sub-instruction and propagate the sub-instruction to a subsequent sub-processor.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device includes a transmission line bounded by a first buffer and a second buffer. The first and second buffers are placed such that the transmission line has a length between a minimum and a maximum, thereby permitting narrow clock signal pulses to be transmitted with reduced distortion.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for producing an electronic ID number include modifying at least one physical bit element from among each of at least first and second groups of physical bit elements, each physical bit element of each group having a first physical state in which it is operable to produce a signal having a first electrical state, and being capable of permanent modification to a second physical state in which it is operable to produce a signal having a second electrical state; and producing (i) one bit of an identification (ID) number from the respective signals issuing from each of the respective at least first and second groups of physical bit elements, and (ii) a validity signal indicative of whether the one bit of the ID number is valid.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus permit: reading a rewritable storage medium, the rewritable storage medium including digital content and a flag indicative of whether the digital content is encrypted; determining whether the digital content of the rewritable storage medium is encrypted based on the flag; encrypting the digital content of the rewritable storage medium using an identification (ID) number as an encryption key when the flag indicates that the digital content is not encrypted, the ID number being unique to a processing apparatus operable to execute the digital content; and overwriting the digital content of the rewritable storage medium with the encrypted digital content.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for controlling hierarchical cache memories permit: controlling a first level cache memory including a plurality of cache lines, each cache line being operable to store an address tag and data; controlling a next lower level cache memory including a plurality of cache lines, each cache line being operable to store an address tag, status flags, and data, the status flags of each cache line including an L-flag; and setting the L-flag of a given cache line of the next lower level cache memory to indicate whether or not a corresponding one the of the cache lines of the first level cache memory has been refilled with a copy of the data stored in the given cache line of the next lower level cache memory.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus in accordance with the present invention enable introducing a plurality of instructions into respective stages in a multistage processing pipeline; and prohibiting execution of only those one or more instructions already in the pipeline that should be skipped to effect a forward branch.