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    Polarization maintaining fiber lasers and amplifiers
    1.
    发明授权
    Polarization maintaining fiber lasers and amplifiers 失效
    极化保持光纤激光器和放大器

    公开(公告)号：US6049415A

    公开(公告)日：2000-04-11

    申请号：US986406

    申请日：1997-12-08

    申请人： Stephen G. Grubb ,  Paul Freeman ,  Stuart MacCormack ,  Robert G. Waarts

    发明人： Stephen G. Grubb ,  Paul Freeman ,  Stuart MacCormack ,  Robert G. Waarts

    IPC分类号： H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/23 ,  H01S3/10

    CPC分类号： H01S3/06758 ,  H01S3/0078 ,  H01S3/06712 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/2316 ,  H01S3/2333

    摘要： A number of variations are provided of a device that provides an amplified single polarization optical signal. Each of these relies on the use of a non-polarization maintaining gain medium through which the signal is directed, and a polarization shifter and reflector that direct the signal back through the same gain medium with a shifted polarization state. An input polarization beamsplitter directs the returning optical signal away to an output, based on its shifted polarization state. The embodiments of the invention include the use of double-clad fiber. Multiple stages may be used to provide specific amplification parameters. In one embodiment, both amplification stages reside in the same polarization shifting optical path. A polarization maintaining amplifier of this type may be used as part of a master oscillator-power amplifier, in which polarization maintaining fiber is used as part of the source laser. Wavelength selective components are also used in certain embodiments of the invention, to allow for wavelength selectivity, as well as a single polarization state, in amplifiers, lasers and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). In one embodiment, an optical circulator is used to allow the amplified, shifted polarization state signals to be directed away from the input to a desired output port. A feedback loop may also be used to control the polarization state at the amplifier output. A polarization beamsplitter at the output directs light not having the desired polarization state to a photodetector, the output of which is used by a polarization controller at the input, such that the input polarization state is adjusted until the control signal from the photodetector is minimized.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种提供放大的单偏振光信号的装置的变型。 这些都依赖于使用信号引导的非偏振维持增益介质，以及偏振移动器和反射器，其将信号反向通过具有偏移偏振状态的相同增益介质。 输入偏振分束器基于其移动的偏振状态将返回光信号导向输出。 本发明的实施例包括使用双包层光纤。 可以使用多个阶段来提供特定的扩增参数。 在一个实施例中，两个放大级位于相同的偏振移位光路中。 这种类型的偏振保持放大器可以用作主振荡器功率放大器的一部分，其中使用偏振保持光纤作为源激光器的一部分。 在本发明的某些实施例中也使用波长选择性分量，以便在放大器，激光器和放大的自发发射（ASE）中允许波长选择性以及单个极化状态。 在一个实施例中，光环行器用于允许放大的偏移偏振状态信号被引导离开输入到期望的输出端口。 还可以使用反馈回路来控制放大器输出端的极化状态。 输出处的偏振分束器将不具有期望的偏振状态的光引导到光电检测器，其输出由偏振控制器在输入端使用，使得输入偏振状态被调整直到来自光电检测器的控制信号最小化。

    Polarization maintaining fiber lasers and amplifiers
    2.
    发明授权
    Polarization maintaining fiber lasers and amplifiers 有权
    极化保持光纤激光器和放大器

    公开(公告)号：US06282016B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-08-28

    申请号：US09452250

    申请日：1999-12-01

    申请人： Stuart MacCormack ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Paul Freeman ,  Stephen G. Grubb

    发明人： Stuart MacCormack ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Paul Freeman ,  Stephen G. Grubb

    IPC分类号： H01S300

    CPC分类号： H01S3/06758 ,  H01S3/0078 ,  H01S3/06712 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/2316 ,  H01S3/2333

    摘要： A number of variations are provided of a device that provides an amplified single polarization optical signal. Each of these relies on the use of a non-polarization maintaining gain medium through which the signal is directed, and a polarization shifter and reflector that direct the signal back through the same gain medium with a shifted polarization state. An input polarization beamsplitter directs the returning optical signal away to an output, based on its shifted polarization state. The embodiments of the invention include the use of double-clad fiber. Multiple stages may be used to provide specific amplification parameters. In particular, a fiber with a relatively large mode field diameter may be used to enable high pulse power applications. Wavelength selective components are used in certain embodiments of the invention, to allow for wavelength selectivity, as well as a single polarization state, in amplifiers, lasers and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE).

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种提供放大的单偏振光信号的装置的变型。 这些都依赖于使用信号引导的非偏振维持增益介质，以及偏振移位器和反射器，其将信号通过具有偏移偏振状态的相同增益介质引导回来。 输入偏振分束器基于其移动的偏振状态将返回光信号导向输出。 本发明的实施例包括使用双包层光纤。 可以使用多个阶段来提供特定的扩增参数。 特别地，可以使用具有相对大的模场直径的光纤来实现高脉冲功率应用。 在本发明的某些实施例中使用波长选择性分量，以便在放大器，激光器和放大的自发发射（ASE）中允许波长选择性以及单个极化状态。

    Output power enhancement in optical fiber lasers
    3.
    发明授权
    Output power enhancement in optical fiber lasers 失效
    光纤激光器的输出功率增强

    公开(公告)号：US5892615A

    公开(公告)日：1999-04-06

    申请号：US819689

    申请日：1997-03-17

    申请人： Stephen G. Grubb ,  Raymond Zanoni ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Jean-Luc Archambault

    发明人： Stephen G. Grubb ,  Raymond Zanoni ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Jean-Luc Archambault

    IPC分类号： G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/036 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/10 ,  H01S3/30 ,  G02B6/26 ,  H01C3/06

    CPC分类号： G02B6/03694 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/03627 ,  G02B6/03638 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/10023 ,  H01S3/302

    摘要： An optical fiber used as the active amplifying medium in a fiber laser is arranged to have a high insertion loss at an undesired frequency, while retaining a low insertion loss at a desired lasing frequency. In one embodiment, loss at a Raman-shifted frequency is introduced by using an optical fiber which has multiple claddings with an index profile that includes an elevated index region located away from the core, but within the evanescent coupling region of the core. A distributed loss, which can be enhanced by bending, is produced at the Raman frequency which effectively raises the threshold at which Raman scattering occurs in the fiber and therefore results in a frequency-selective fiber. In another embodiment, an absorbing layer is placed around the core region. The absorbing layer is chosen to have a sharp absorption edge so that it absorbs highly at the Raman-shifted wavelength, but minimally at the desired lasing wavelength. In still another embodiment, the optical fiber is constructed with a core with long period gratings formed therein. The gratings are fabricated with a periodicity selected to provide a relatively high insertion loss at the Raman frequency while simultaneously providing a relatively low insertion loss at the lasing frequency. In accordance with yet another embodiment, a bend loss technique is used to suppress amplified spontaneous emission at an unwanted wavelength due to a competing atomic energy level system in a fiber laser.

    摘要翻译： 在光纤激光器中用作有源放大介质的光纤布置成在不期望的频率下具有高插入损耗，同时保持在期望的激光频率下的低插入损耗。 在一个实施例中，通过使用具有多个包层的光纤引入拉曼移位频率处的损耗，折射率分布包括位于远离芯的升高的折射率区域，但在核心的消逝耦合区域内。 可以在拉曼频率下产生可以通过弯曲增强的分布损耗，其有效地提高了在光纤中发生拉曼散射的阈值，因此导致频率选择性光纤。 在另一实施例中，吸收层围绕芯区域放置。 吸收层被选择为具有尖锐的吸收边缘，使得其以拉曼位移的波长高度吸收，但在期望的激光波长处最小。 在另一个实施例中，光纤由其中形成有长周期光栅的芯构成。 以选择的周期制造光栅，以在拉曼频率处提供相对高的插入损耗，同时在激光频率下提供相对低的插入损耗。 根据另一个实施例，弯曲损耗技术用于抑制由于光纤激光器中竞争的原子能级系统引起的不需要的波长的放大的自发发射。

    Optical fiber gain medium with wavelength selective core filter
    4.
    发明授权
    Optical fiber gain medium with wavelength selective core filter 有权
    具有波长选择性滤芯的光纤增益介质

    公开(公告)号：US06181465B2

    公开(公告)日：2001-01-30

    申请号：US09286707

    申请日：1999-04-05

    申请人： Stephen G. Grubb ,  Raymond Zanoni ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Jean-Luc Archambault

    发明人： Stephen G. Grubb ,  Raymond Zanoni ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Jean-Luc Archambault

    IPC分类号： H01S330

    CPC分类号： G02B6/03694 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/03627 ,  G02B6/03638 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/10023 ,  H01S3/302

    摘要： An optical fiber used as the active amplifying medium in a fiber laser is arranged to have a high insertion loss at an undesired frequency, while retaining a low insertion loss at a desired lasing frequency. In one embodiment, loss at a Raman-shifted frequency is introduced by using an optical fiber which has multiple claddings with an index profile that includes an elevated index region located away from the core, but within the evanescent coupling region of the core. A distributed loss, which can be enhanced by bending, is produced at the Raman frequency which effectively raises the threshold at which Raman scattering occurs in the fiber and therefore results in a frequency-selective fiber. In another embodiment, an absorbing layer is placed around the core region. The absorbing layer is chosen to have a sharp absorption edge so that it absorbs highly at the Raman-shifted wavelength, but minimally at the desired lasing wavelength. In still another embodiment, the optical fiber is constructed with a core with long period gratings formed therein. The gratings are fabricated with a periodicity selected to provide a relatively high insertion loss at the Raman frequency while simultaneously providing a relatively low insertion loss at the lasing frequency. In accordance with yet another embodiment, a bend loss technique is used to suppress amplified spontaneous emission at an unwanted wavelength due to a competing atomic energy level system in a fiber laser.

    摘要翻译： 在光纤激光器中用作有源放大介质的光纤布置成在不期望的频率下具有高插入损耗，同时保持在期望的激光频率下的低插入损耗。 在一个实施例中，通过使用具有多个包层的光纤引入拉曼移位频率处的损耗，折射率分布包括位于远离芯的升高的折射率区域，但在核心的消逝耦合区域内。 可以在拉曼频率下产生可以通过弯曲增强的分布损耗，其有效地提高了在光纤中发生拉曼散射的阈值，因此导致频率选择性光纤。 在另一实施例中，吸收层围绕芯区域放置。 吸收层被选择为具有尖锐的吸收边缘，使得其以拉曼位移的波长高度吸收，但在期望的激光波长处最小。 在另一个实施例中，光纤由其中形成有长周期光栅的芯构成。 以选择的周期制造光栅，以在拉曼频率处提供相对高的插入损耗，同时在激光频率下提供相对低的插入损耗。 根据另一个实施例，弯曲损耗技术用于抑制由于光纤激光器中竞争的原子能级系统引起的不需要的波长的放大的自发发射。

    Optical fiber gain medium with evanescent filtering
    6.
    发明授权
    Optical fiber gain medium with evanescent filtering 失效
    具有ev逝滤波的光纤增益介质

    公开(公告)号：US6118575A

    公开(公告)日：2000-09-12

    申请号：US286209

    申请日：1999-04-05

    申请人： Stephen G. Grubb ,  Raymond Zanoni ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Jean-Luc Archambault

    发明人： Stephen G. Grubb ,  Raymond Zanoni ,  Robert G. Waarts ,  Jean-Luc Archambault

    IPC分类号： G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/036 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/10 ,  H01S3/30 ,  G02B6/22

    CPC分类号： G02B6/03694 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/03627 ,  G02B6/03638 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/10023 ,  H01S3/302

    摘要： An optical fiber used as the active amplifying medium in a fiber laser is arranged to have a high insertion loss at an undesired frequency, while retaining a low insertion loss at a desired lasing frequency. In one embodiment, loss at a Raman-shifted frequency is introduced by using an optical fiber which has multiple claddings with an index profile that includes an elevated index region located away from the core, but within the evanescent coupling region of the core. A distributed loss, which can be enhanced by bending, is produced at the Raman frequency which effectively raises the threshold at which Raman scattering occurs in the fiber and therefore results in a frequency-selective fiber. In another embodiment, an absorbing layer is placed around the core region. The absorbing layer is chosen to have a sharp absorption edge so that it absorbs highly at the Raman-shifted wavelength, but minimally at the desired lasing wavelength. In still another embodiment, the optical fiber is constructed with a core with long period gratings formed therein. The gratings are fabricated with a periodicity selected to provide a relatively high insertion loss at the Raman frequency while simultaneously providing a relatively low insertion loss at the lasing frequency. In accordance with yet another embodiment, a bend loss technique is used to suppress amplified spontaneous emission at an unwanted wavelength due to a competing atomic energy level system in a fiber laser.

    摘要翻译： 在光纤激光器中用作有源放大介质的光纤布置成在不期望的频率下具有高插入损耗，同时保持在期望的激光频率下的低插入损耗。 在一个实施例中，通过使用具有多个包层的光纤引入拉曼移位频率处的损耗，折射率分布包括位于远离芯的升高的折射率区域，但在核心的消逝耦合区域内。 可以在拉曼频率下产生可以通过弯曲增强的分布损耗，其有效地提高了在光纤中发生拉曼散射的阈值，因此导致频率选择性光纤。 在另一实施例中，吸收层围绕芯区域放置。 吸收层被选择为具有尖锐的吸收边缘，使得其以拉曼位移的波长高度吸收，但在期望的激光波长处最小。 在另一个实施例中，光纤由其中形成有长周期光栅的芯构成。 以选择的周期制造光栅，以在拉曼频率处提供相对高的插入损耗，同时在激光频率下提供相对低的插入损耗。 根据另一个实施例，弯曲损耗技术用于抑制由于光纤激光器中竞争的原子能级系统引起的不需要的波长的放大的自发发射。

    Pulsed laser apparatus and method
    9.
    发明授权
    Pulsed laser apparatus and method 有权
    脉冲激光装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US07120174B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-10

    申请号：US10867531

    申请日：2004-06-14

    申请人： Stuart MacCormack ,  Robert G. Waarts

    发明人： Stuart MacCormack ,  Robert G. Waarts

    IPC分类号： H01S3/117

    CPC分类号： H01S3/117 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/09408 ,  H01S3/1103 ,  H01S3/1127 ,  H01S3/115

    摘要： A laser apparatus for generating optical pulses is disclosed, said laser apparatus has a reflecting gain element preferably including a fiber gain medium. The reflecting gain element is coupled to a controllable reflecting/transmitting module having a reflecting state and a transmitting state, wherein the controllable reflecting/transmitting means are operable to switch from the transmitting state to the reflecting state to initiate a build-up of an optical pulse, and to switch back to the transmitting state for outputting the optical pulse before it reaches the reflecting/transmitting means after a cavity roundtrip. In a preferred embodiment, the controllable reflecting/transmitting module includes an acousto-optic switch at an output end of a laser operable to output the optical pulse in zeroth diffraction order.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于产生光脉冲的激光装置，所述激光装置具有优选包括光纤增益介质的反射增益元件。 反射增益元件耦合到具有反射状态和发射状态的可控反射/发射模块，其中可控反射/发射装置可操作以从透射状态切换到反射状态，以启动光学 并且在空腔往返之前到达反射/发射装置之前切换回发送状态以输出光脉冲。 在优选实施例中，可控反射/发射模块包括在激光器的输出端处的声光开关，可操作以以零级衍射级输出光脉冲。

    Side coupled pumping of double clad fiber gain media
    10.
    发明授权
    Side coupled pumping of double clad fiber gain media 有权
    双包层光纤增益介质的侧耦合泵浦

    公开(公告)号：US06434295B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-08-13

    申请号：US09483032

    申请日：2000-01-13

    申请人： Stuart MacCormack ,  Vincent G. Dominic ,  Robert G. Waarts

    发明人： Stuart MacCormack ,  Vincent G. Dominic ,  Robert G. Waarts

    IPC分类号： G02B626

    CPC分类号： H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/06704 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/06729 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S3/2383

    摘要： All-fiber coupling architectures include at least one fiber gain media, e.g. a fiber amplifier or a fiber laser, providing for the coupling light from one or more multi-wavelength pump sources propagating in a multimode core fiber at multiple points along a double clad fiber or at least at one point along multiple double clad fibers having their inner claddings fused to the multimode core fiber. The latter arrangement provides for a low cost utility multi-signal fiber amplifier for telecommunication applications.

    摘要翻译： 全光纤耦合结构包括至少一个光纤增益介质，例如， 光纤放大器或光纤激光器，提供来自一个或多个多波长泵浦源的耦合光，该多个光源在多重芯纤维中沿着双包层光纤在多个点处传播，或至少在一个点处沿着具有其内部的多个双包层光纤 融合到多模芯纤维的包层。 后一种布置为电信应用提供了一种低成本效用的多信号光纤放大器。