摘要:
Disclosed are formulations and procedures to improve the accuracy of nonanimal tests. Disclosed procedures involve both the direct application of the substance to be tested to the excised eye or other suitable test matrix, such as a differentiated tissue, and the application of an aqueous layer to the apical surface and then the addition of the substance to be tested as an overlay to the aqueous layer for a period of time so as to allow metabolism of the substance to be tested by the eye or test matrix, but not so long as to result in nonirritant or nontoxic test substance resulting in a FP result.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to materials and methods for the in vitro testing of irritants. It was discovered that the accuracy of nonanimal toxicity tests is improved when the distance migrated on a synthetic substrate is used as a correction factor for macromolecular, cell, and specific organotypic eye toxicity test systems. The method involves applying the test substance to a solid support test material, measuring the migration distance and then using the migration distance measurement to improve on an existing nonanimal toxicity test; where the existing toxicity test prediction can be: (1) a macromolecular test, (2) a cultured epithelium-based (3) and/or an organotypic test; measuring a test system response; and multiplying, adding, or otherwise using as a correction factor, the measured migration distance, and using this to have an improved prediction of the toxicity of the test substance based on the combined response.
摘要:
A microarray and method of screening for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a mammal is disclosed. The method comprises contacting a sample from the mammal to an immobilized polypeptide or fragment thereof homologous to at least a portion of an RA marker protein, and detecting binding of an antibody from the sample to the immobilized polypeptide or fragment thereof.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to formulations and methods for the in vitro testing of ocular irritants. It was discovered that adding an antioxidant formulation to in vitro ocular irritation tests, including for example, a biochemical ocular irritation test, a reconstituted human corneal epithelium (RhCE) ocular irritation test and an excised eye depth of injury (DoI) test, substantially reduces the rate of false positives without diminishing test sensitivity, resulting in more accurately predicting ocular irritancy of test substances. More particularly, the disclosed method employs relatively high physiologic concentrations of one or more antioxidants that are normally present in tears. In a variation, much higher concentrations of one or more antioxidants may provide protection against in vivo exposure to ocular irritants.
摘要:
A system and method are disclosed for the rapid, reproducible and inexpensive visualization, imaging and digital analysis of molecular interactions between ligands and proteins immobilized on an addressable two-dimensional microarray.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to formulations and methods for the in vitro testing of ocular irritants. It was discovered that adding an antioxidant formulation to in vitro ocular irritation tests, including for example, a biochemical ocular irritation test, a reconstituted human corneal epithelium (RhCE) ocular irritation test and an excised eye depth of injury (DoI) test, substantially reduces the rate of false positives without diminishing test sensitivity, resulting in more accurately predicting ocular irritancy of test substances. More particularly, the disclosed method employs relatively high physiologic concentrations of one or more antioxidants that are normally present in tears. In a variation, much higher concentrations of one or more antioxidants may provide protection against in vivo exposure to ocular irritants.
摘要:
In one aspect, the present invention relates to a rapid, sensitive and cost-effective immunoassay for the detection of Brettanomyces yeast in wine.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to formulations and methods for the in vitro testing of ocular irritants. It was discovered that adding an antioxidant formulation to in vitro ocular irritation tests, including for example, a biochemical ocular irritation test, a reconstituted human corneal epithelium (RhCE) ocular irritation test and an excised eye depth of injury (DoI) test, substantially reduces the rate of false positives without diminishing test sensitivity, resulting in more accurately predicting ocular irritancy of test substances. More particularly, the disclosed method employs relatively high physiologic concentrations of one or more antioxidants that are normally present in tears. In a variation, much higher concentrations of one or more antioxidants may provide protection against in vivo exposure to ocular irritants.
摘要:
The disclosure relates to formulations and methods for the in vitro testing of ocular irritants. It was discovered that adding an antioxidant formulation to in vitro ocular irritation tests, including for example, a biochemical ocular irritation test, a reconstituted human corneal epithelium (RhCE) ocular irritation test and an excised eye depth of injury (DoI) test, substantially reduces the rate of false positives without diminishing test sensitivity, resulting in more accurately predicting ocular irritancy of test substances. More particularly, the disclosed method employs relatively high physiologic concentrations of one or more antioxidants that are normally present in tears. In a variation, much higher concentrations of one or more antioxidants may provide protection against in vivo exposure to ocular irritants.