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    Method and apparatus for deriving association rules from data and for segmenting rectilinear regions
    1.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for deriving association rules from data and for segmenting rectilinear regions 失效
    从数据和分割直线区域导出关联规则的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5991752A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-23

    申请号：US025536

    申请日：1998-02-18

    申请人： Takeshi Fukuda ,  Kunikazu Yoda ,  Takeshi Tokuyama ,  Shinichi Morishita

    发明人： Takeshi Fukuda ,  Kunikazu Yoda ,  Takeshi Tokuyama ,  Shinichi Morishita

    IPC分类号： G06F17/18 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F17/30 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06N5/04 ,  G06Q40/00

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30607 ,  G06Q40/02 ,  Y10S707/99931 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99936

    摘要： The present application discloses a method and apparatus for extracting association rules from data having two or more numeric attributes and a true-false attribute, and for presenting the rules in an easily understandable form. The method comprises the steps of: (i) storing numbers u(i,j) and v(i,j) of data in each pixel whose true-false attribute is true, so as to correspond to each pixel in a plane; (ii) inputting a condition .theta.; (iii) segmenting from the plane a rectilinear region S of the pixels to maximize the equation ##EQU1## ;and (iv) outputting data included in the segmented rectilinear region S. The invention also allows regions to be derived which satisfy a desired support maximization rule, confidence maximization rule, optimized entropy rule, and optimized interclass variance rule.

    摘要翻译： 本申请公开了一种用于从具有两个或多个数字属性和真假属性的数据提取关联规则并且以容易理解的形式呈现规则的方法和装置。 该方法包括以下步骤：（i）在真假属性为真的每个像素中存储数据u（i，j）和v（i，j），以便对应于平面中的每个像素; （ii）输入条件θ; （iii）从平面分割像素的直线区域S以最大化方程;以及（iv）输出包括在分割直线区域S中的数据。本发明还允许导出满足期望的支持最大化规则的区域，置信度 最大化规则，优化熵规则和优化的类间方差规则。

    Method and apparatus for deriving an association rule between data
    2.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for deriving an association rule between data 失效
    用于导出数据之间的关联规则的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5812997A

    公开(公告)日：1998-09-22

    申请号：US735911

    申请日：1996-10-25

    申请人： Yasuhiko Morimoto ,  Takeshi Fukuda ,  Shinichi Morishita ,  Takeshi Tokuyama

    发明人： Yasuhiko Morimoto ,  Takeshi Fukuda ,  Shinichi Morishita ,  Takeshi Tokuyama

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06F17/30 ,  G06N5/04

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30598 ,  G06F2216/03 ,  Y10S707/99932

    摘要： A method is described for finding correlation between a plurality of data having two kinds of numerical attributes and a true-false attribute. The method comprises the steps of: constituting a plane with two numerical attributes, dividing the plane into meshes, and counting the number of data in each mesh (also called a "bucket") and the number of data whose true-false attribute represents true. If each mesh is assumed to be a pixel, such plane can be considered as a plane image in which the number of data corresponds to brilliance, and the number of data whose true-false attribute represents true corresponds to saturation. The method further includes the step of segmenting an admissible image which is convex along an axis of the plane according to a predetermined condition .theta. to find an area with strong correlation. If the segmented area as the admissible image satisfies the above-described condition such as the maximized support rule, the method also presents the area to the user. In addition, necessary attributes for data included in the area are also extracted from a database, as required.

    摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于发现具有两种数值属性的多个数据与真假属性之间的相关性的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：构成具有两个数值属性的平面，将平面划分为网格，并计算每个网格（也称为“桶”）中的数据数，以及true-false属性表示真实数据的数量 。 如果每个网格被假设为一个像素，则这样的平面可以被认为是其中数据数量对应于辉度的平面图像，并且真假属性表示为真的数据的数量对应于饱和度。 该方法还包括按照预定条件θ分割沿平面轴线凸出的容许图像以找到具有强相关性的区域的步骤。 如果作为容许图像的分割区域满足上述条件，例如最大化的支持规则，则该方法还向用户呈现该区域。 另外，根据需要也从数据库中提取包括在该区域中的数据的必要属性。

    Method and apparatus for computing association rules for data mining in large database
    3.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for computing association rules for data mining in large database 失效
    用于计算大数据库中数据挖掘的关联规则的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5983222A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

    申请号：US738666

    申请日：1996-10-25

    申请人： Yasuhiko Morimoto ,  Takeshi Fukuda ,  Shinichi Morishida ,  Takeshi Tokuyama

    发明人： Yasuhiko Morimoto ,  Takeshi Fukuda ,  Shinichi Morishida ,  Takeshi Tokuyama

    IPC分类号： G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30539 ,  G06F2216/03 ,  Y10S707/99931 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99936

    摘要： A method is disclosed for computing an association rule in a database having numerical attributes and 0-1 attributes. First, a numerical attribute is divided into a plurality of intervals (or buckets), and each data set is placed into a single bucket according to the value of the numerical attribute. The number of data sets in each bucket and the number of data sets with a 0-1 attribute being 1 are counted. Second, the starting bucket of an interval to be detected is to be detected. Third, the terminating bucket corresponding to the starting bucket is detected. That is, the largest interval with a confidence equal to or larger than a predetermined value. Fourth, one of the detected pairs of starting and terminating buckets which includes the largest number of customers is the answer to this question. Finally, the required data attributes of data included in this interval is subsequently retrieved.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于计算具有数值属性和0-1属性的数据库中的关联规则的方法。 首先，数值属性被划分为多个间隔（或桶），并且根据数值属性的值将每个数据集放置在单个存储桶中。 对每个桶中的数据集数和0-1属性为1的数据集的数量进行计数。 第二，要检测待检测间隔的起始桶。 第三，检测与开始桶对应的终止桶。 也就是说，具有等于或大于预定值的置信度的最大间隔。 第四，检测到的起始和终止桶之一包括最大数量的客户是这个问题的答案。 最后，随后检索包含在该间隔中的数据所需的数据属性。

    Method and apparatus for deriving an optimized confidence rule
    4.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for deriving an optimized confidence rule 失效
    用于推导优化置信度规则的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5870748A

    公开(公告)日：1999-02-09

    申请号：US738151

    申请日：1996-10-25

    申请人： Yasuhiko Morimoto ,  Takeshi Fukuda ,  Shinichi Morishida ,  Takeshi Tokuyama

    发明人： Yasuhiko Morimoto ,  Takeshi Fukuda ,  Shinichi Morishida ,  Takeshi Tokuyama

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F17/17 ,  G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/17 ,  Y10S707/99942 ,  Y10S707/99945

    摘要： A method is disclosed for determining the correlation among data sets having a numerical attribute and a 0-1 attribute. First, a numerical attribute is divided into a plurality of buckets, and each data set is placed into a single bucket according to the value of the numerical attribute. The number of data sets in each bucket and the number of data sets with a 0-1 attribute of 1 are counted. Second, an axis corresponding to the total number of data sets in a first through a particular buckets (X axis) and an axis corresponding to the total number of data sets with a 0-1 attribute of 1 in a first through a particular buckets (Y axis) are virtually established, and points corresponding to the respective values of the first through the particular buckets are virtually plotted. Third, after a plane is constructed in this manner, one of the pairs of points separated at an interval of T.times.N or T or larger which has the largest slope is found. This step is most important to fast processing, and this invention employs the nature of convex hulls to reduce the number of points to be considered. Finally, once this pair of points has been determined, the corresponding pair of buckets can be determined, resulting in the output of the corresponding segment. Also, once this process has been finished, the user can retrieve the required part of the data included in this section.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定具有数值属性和0-1属性的数据集之间的相关性的方法。 首先，数值属性被划分为多个桶，并且根据数值属性的值将每个数据集放置在单个桶中。 每个桶中的数据集数量和0-1属性值为1的数据集的数量被计数。 其次，对应于在第一至特定桶（X轴）中的数据集合的总数和与第一至特定桶中具有0-1属性1的数据集合的总数对应的轴（ Y轴），并且虚拟地绘制对应于第一至特定桶的各个值的点。 第三，在以这种方式构造平面之后，找到以一个具有最大斜率的TxN或T或更大的间隔分开的一对点中的一个。 该步骤对于快速加工是最重要的，本发明使用凸包的性质来减少要考虑的点的数量。 最后，一旦确定了这对点，就可以确定相应的一对桶，从而产生相应段的输出。 此外，一旦该过程完成，用户可以检索本节中包含的数据的必需部分。

    Catalyst for living radical polymerization and polymerization method
    5.
    发明授权
    Catalyst for living radical polymerization and polymerization method 有权
    催化剂用于活性自由基聚合和聚合方法

    公开(公告)号：US09546226B2

    公开(公告)日：2017-01-17

    申请号：US13388811

    申请日：2010-05-10

    申请人： Atsushi Goto ,  Yoshinobu Tsujii ,  Takeshi Fukuda

    发明人： Atsushi Goto ,  Yoshinobu Tsujii ,  Takeshi Fukuda

    IPC分类号： C08F20/14 ,  C08F4/40 ,  C08F293/00 ,  C08F12/08 ,  C08F120/14

    CPC分类号： C08F4/40 ,  C08F12/08 ,  C08F120/14 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08F2438/00

    摘要： Provided is a low-cost, highly active, environmentally friendly living radical polymerization catalyst which does not require a radical initiator. An organic compound having an oxidation-reduction capability is used as a catalyst. Even if a radical initiator is not used, a monomer can be subjected to a radical polymerization to obtain a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution. The cost of the living radical polymerization can be remarkably reduced. It is made possible to prevent adverse effects of using a radical initiator. The present invention is significantly more environmentally friendly and economically excellent than conventional living radical polymerization methods, due to advantages of the catalyst such as low toxicity of the catalyst, low amount of the catalyst necessary, high solubility of the catalyst, mild reaction conditions, and no coloration/no odor (which do not require a post-treatment for a molded article), etc.

    摘要翻译： 提供了不需要自由基引发剂的低成本，高活性，环保的活性自由基聚合催化剂。 使用具有氧化还原能力的有机化合物作为催化剂。 即使不使用自由基引发剂，也可以对单体进行自由基聚合，得到分子量分布窄的聚合物。 活性自由基聚合的成本可以显着降低。 可以防止使用自由基引发剂的不利影响。 由于催化剂的优点，催化剂的低毒性，必需的催化剂量低，催化剂的溶解度高，反应条件温和，反应条件好，因此本发明的环保性和经济性优于常规的活性自由基聚合方法。 无着色/无异味（不需要后处理成型品）等

    Method for producing tolylene diisocyanate
    7.
    发明授权
    Method for producing tolylene diisocyanate 有权
    甲苯二异氰酸酯的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US08748654B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-06-10

    申请号：US14115852

    申请日：2012-04-06

    申请人： Koji Takamatsu ,  Kazuhiro Kosumi ,  Takeshi Fukuda ,  Masaaki Sasaki

    发明人： Koji Takamatsu ,  Kazuhiro Kosumi ,  Takeshi Fukuda ,  Masaaki Sasaki

    IPC分类号： C07C263/00 ,  C07C263/04 ,  C07C263/06 ,  C07C263/20

    CPC分类号： C07C263/00 ,  C07C263/04 ,  C07C263/06 ,  C07C263/20 ,  C07C269/04 ,  C07C265/14 ,  C07C271/28

    摘要： A method for producing tolylene diisocyanate includes: mixing a first diaminotoluene containing 2,4-diaminotoluene and 2,6-diaminotoluene at a first isomer ratio and a second diaminotoluene containing 2,4-diaminotoluene and/or 2,6-diaminotoluene at a second isomer ratio that is different from the first isomer ratio so as to prepare mixed diaminotoluene; producing tolylene dicarbamate by reaction of the mixed diaminotoluene, urea and/or N-unsubstituted carbamic acid ester and alcohol; and thermally decomposing the tolylene dicarbamate.

    摘要翻译： 一种制备甲苯二异氰酸酯的方法包括：以第一异构体比例混合含有2,4-二氨基甲苯和2,6-二氨基甲苯的第一二氨基甲苯和第二异构体含有2,4-二氨基甲苯和/或2,6-二氨基甲苯的第二二氨基甲苯 异构体比例与第一异构体比例不同，以制备混合的二氨基甲苯; 通过混合的二氨基甲苯，脲和/或N-未取代的氨基甲酸酯和醇的反应制备甲苯二甲氨基甲酸酯; 并分解甲苯二氨基甲酸酯。

    Catalyst for living radical polymerization
    9.
    发明授权
    Catalyst for living radical polymerization 有权
    活性自由基聚合催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US08575285B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-11-05

    申请号：US13062688

    申请日：2009-09-08

    申请人： Atsushi Goto ,  Yoshinobu Tsujii ,  Takeshi Fukuda

    发明人： Atsushi Goto ,  Yoshinobu Tsujii ,  Takeshi Fukuda

    IPC分类号： C08F4/00 ,  C08F12/02 ,  C07C19/16 ,  C07C255/50 ,  C07C19/07 ,  C07C25/02 ,  C07C43/247 ,  B01J31/00 ,  B01J27/06 ,  B01J27/135

    CPC分类号： C08F4/00 ,  C08F293/005 ,  C08F2438/00

    摘要： Provided is a catalyst used for a living radical polymerization method, which contains a central element consisting of carbon and at least one halogen atom binding to the central element. Further, a hydrocarbon compound can be used as a catalyst precursor. A monomer having a radical-reactive unsaturated bond is subjected to a radical polymerization reaction in the presence of the catalyst, consequently a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution can be obtained, and thus the cost of the living radical polymerization can be remarkably reduced. The present invention is significantly more environmentally friendly and economically excellent than conventional living radical polymerization methods, due to advantages such as low toxicity of the catalyst, low amount of the catalyst used, high solubility of the catalyst, mild reaction conditions, and no coloration/no odor (no need of any post-treatments for a molded article), and the like.

    摘要翻译： 提供了用于活性自由基聚合法的催化剂，其包含由碳和与中心元素结合的至少一个卤素原子组成的中心元素。 此外，可以使用烃化合物作为催化剂前体。 具有自由基反应性不饱和键的单体在催化剂的存在下进行自由基聚合反应，因此可以获得具有窄分子量分布的聚合物，从而可显着降低活性自由基聚合的成本。 本发明由于催化剂的毒性低，催化剂用量少，催化剂溶解性高，反应条件温和，无着色/无色性等优点，比现有的活性自由基聚合法更具环保性和经济性， 无异味（不需要对成形品进行后处理）等。