Mathematical analysis for the estimation of changes in the level of gene expression
    2.
    发明授权
    Mathematical analysis for the estimation of changes in the level of gene expression 失效
    估计基因表达水平变化的数学分析

    公开(公告)号:US06502039B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-12-31

    申请号:US09577634

    申请日:2000-05-24

    IPC分类号: G01N3348

    CPC分类号: G06F19/20

    摘要: The present invention relates to a highly accurate and reproducible mathematically-based methodology for quantifying the levels of differential gene expression from microassay protocols. Specifically, the present invention provides a simple deductive approach, grounded in a Bayesian framework, to circumvent the heuristic-based limitation of previous methodologies. Rather than seeking a point-estimate of the fold-change of the level of gene expression, the present invention utilizes the derivation of mathematical formula to determine the a posteriori distribution of all the fold-changes of differential gene expression which may be inferred from the given measurements. From this a posteriori distribution the following information may be obtained: (i) an estimator for the fold-change of the level of gene expression; (ii) confidence limits for the fold-change, at any given confidence level; and (iii) a P-value for assessing the statistical significance of change. The present invention also possesses the advantage that fold-change estimates and confidence limits may even be assigned to signal pairs where both signals are zero or negative, without resorting to heuristic thresholds.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及用于量化来自微量分析方案的差异基因表达水平的基于数学的高精度和可重复的方法。 具体来说,本发明提供了一种基于贝叶斯框架的简单演绎方法,以规避以前方法的基于启发式的限制。 本发明不是寻求基因表达水平的倍数变化的点估计,而是利用数学公式的推导来确定差异基因表达的所有折叠变化的后验分布,其可以从 给定测量。 从这个后验分布可以获得以下信息:(i)基因表达水平的倍数变化的估计量; (ii)在任何给定的置信水平下,折叠的置信限; 和(iii)用于评估变化统计显着性的P值。 本发明还具有以下优点:即使两个信号都为零或负的信号对,甚至可以将折叠估计和置信限度分配给信号对,而不采用启发式阈值。

    BIFURCATED DRAINAGE TUBING FOR RAPID PARACENTESIS
    3.
    发明申请
    BIFURCATED DRAINAGE TUBING FOR RAPID PARACENTESIS 审中-公开
    用于快速参与的双歧管排水管

    公开(公告)号:US20150073387A1

    公开(公告)日:2015-03-12

    申请号:US14022801

    申请日:2013-09-10

    申请人: Steven Bushnell

    发明人: Steven Bushnell

    IPC分类号: A61M1/00

    摘要: Paracentesis apparatus providing increased fluid transfer capacity, comprising a single centesis needle and at least two vacuum sources. The centesis needle is connected to the vacuum sources by a conduit which is split to form a flow path to each vacuum source. The conduit may comprise flexible tubing, and may include an in-line valve and a connector for engaging the vacuum sources. The vacuum sources may comprise evacuated bottles. Albumin may be administered to patients undergoing paracentesis.

    摘要翻译: 提供增加的流体传递能力的穿刺装置,包括单个中心针和至少两个真空源。 中心针通过导管连接到真空源,导管被分开以形成到每个真空源的流动路径。 导管可以包括柔性管,并且可以包括直列阀和用于接合真空源的连接器。 真空源可以包括抽空的瓶子。 可将白蛋白施用于进行穿刺术的患者。