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    Liquid propellant densification
    1.
    发明授权
    Liquid propellant densification 失效
    液体推进剂致密化

    公开(公告)号：US5644920A

    公开(公告)日：1997-07-08

    申请号：US533423

    申请日：1995-09-25

    申请人： Tibor I. Lak ,  Steve P. Petrilla ,  Martin E. Lozano

    发明人： Tibor I. Lak ,  Steve P. Petrilla ,  Martin E. Lozano

    IPC分类号： B64G1/40 ,  B64G5/00 ,  F02K9/50 ,  F02K9/60 ,  F25J1/02 ,  F17C5/02

    CPC分类号： F02K9/60 ,  B64G1/402 ,  B64G5/00 ,  F02K9/50

    摘要： Super cooling the cryogenic liquid propellant in a vehicle propellant tank densities the propellant allowing the vehicle propellant tank to carry more fuel in the same volume tank while lowering the vapor pressure and thus the tank operating pressure. Lowering the tank operating pressure reduces the stress and therefore allows the walls of the tank to be thinner. Both the smaller tank volume and thinner tank wall results in an overall smaller and lighter vehicle with increased payload capability. The cryogenic propellant can be supercooled well below the normal boiling point temperature level by transporting the liquid propellant from the vehicle tanks to a ground based cooling unit which utilizes a combination of heat exchanger and compressor. The compressor lowers the coolant fluid bath pressure resulting in a low temperature boiling liquid which is subsequently used to cool the recirculating liquid. The cooled propellant is then returned to the vehicle propellant tank. In addition to reducing the vehicle size and weight the invention also allows location of the vent valve on the ground, elimination of on-board recirculation pumps or bleed systems, smaller and lighter engine pumps and valves, lighter and more stable ullage gas, and significant reduction in tank fill operation. All of these mentioned attributes provide lower vehicle weight and cost.

    摘要翻译： 超级冷却低温液体推进剂在车辆推进剂罐中密封推进剂，允许车辆推进剂罐在相同体积的罐中携带更多的燃料，同时降低蒸汽压力，从而降低罐的工作压力。 降低油箱工作压力会降低应力，从而使油箱的壁更薄。 较小的坦克体积和更薄的坦克壁都能使整体更小更轻的车辆增加负载能力。 通过将液体推进剂从车辆罐运送到利用热交换器和压缩机的组合的基于地面的冷却单元，可将低温推进剂过冷到远低于正常沸点温度水平。 压缩机降低冷却剂液体浴压力，导致低温沸腾液体，随后用于冷却循环液体。 冷却的推进剂然后返回车辆推进剂罐。 除了减少车辆尺寸和重量之外，本发明还允许排气阀在地面上的定位，车载再循环泵或排气系统的消除，更小和更轻的发动机泵和阀，更轻和更稳定的空气气体以及显着的 减少油箱填充操作。 所有这些提到的属性提供较低的车辆重量和成本。

    Methods and apparatus for liquid densification
    2.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus for liquid densification 有权
    液体致密化的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06453681B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-24

    申请号：US09756494

    申请日：2001-01-08

    申请人： Tibor I. Lak ,  John H. LeBlanc ,  Jay K. Yoshinaga ,  Martin E. Lozano

    发明人： Tibor I. Lak ,  John H. LeBlanc ,  Jay K. Yoshinaga ,  Martin E. Lozano

    IPC分类号： F17C702

    CPC分类号： B64G5/00 ,  F17C13/008 ,  F17C13/083 ,  F17C2201/0109 ,  F17C2201/056 ,  F17C2205/0323 ,  F17C2205/0397 ,  F17C2221/011 ,  F17C2221/012 ,  F17C2221/014 ,  F17C2223/0153 ,  F17C2227/0341 ,  F17C2250/0636 ,  F17C2260/056 ,  F17C2270/0197 ,  Y02E60/321

    摘要： An improved and simplified system for densifying a cryogenic liquid for space vehicles is provided, which includes a heat exchanger having heat exchange tubes therein for receiving a flow of liquid from a storage tank, for example a liquid propellant in a vehicle storage tank. The heat exchanger is filled around the exchange tubes with a two-component bath, the volume of a primary component substantially exceeding the volume of a secondary component. The secondary component has a boiling temperature that is lower than the boiling temperature of the primary component, and both are lower than the boiling temperature of the cryogenic liquid. In one example, the liquid to be densified is oxygen, the primary component is liquid nitrogen, and a secondary component is liquid hydrogen. The secondary component is preferably injected into the heat exchanger in separate flows to prevent localized freezing of the first component. A manifold having a plurality of injectors may be used for introducing the second component to the heat exchanger. A control system receives inputs from one or more sensors within the heat exchanger and operates valves that control the flow of the first and second components of the heat exchange bath.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于致密化用于空间飞行器的低温液体的改进和简化的系统，其包括其中具有热交换管的热交换器，用于接收来自储罐例如车辆储罐中的液体推进剂的液体流。 热交换器用双组分浴填充在交换管周围，主组分的体积基本上超过次要组分的体积。 次要组分的沸点温度低于初级组分的沸点温度，均低于低温液体的沸点温度。 在一个实例中，待致密化的液体是氧，主要成分是液氮，次要成分是液态氢。 次要组分优选以分开的流注入到热交换器中，以防止第一组分的局部冻结。 具有多个喷射器的歧管可用于将第二组分引入热交换器。 控制系统从热交换器内的一个或多个传感器接收输入，并且操作控制热交换浴的第一和第二部件的流动的阀。

    Real-time control of complex fluid systems using generic fluid transfer model
    3.
    发明授权
    Real-time control of complex fluid systems using generic fluid transfer model 失效
    使用通用流体转移模型实时控制复杂流体系统

    公开(公告)号：US5315530A

    公开(公告)日：1994-05-24

    申请号：US930489

    申请日：1992-08-14

    申请人： David L. Gerhardt ,  Paul J. Su ,  Tibor I. Lak ,  Donna M. Brakeville

    发明人： David L. Gerhardt ,  Paul J. Su ,  Tibor I. Lak ,  Donna M. Brakeville

    IPC分类号： G05D7/06 ,  G06F17/50 ,  G05D9/00 ,  G06F15/46

    CPC分类号： G05D7/0617 ,  G06F17/5009 ,  G06F2217/16

    摘要： A computer program is disclosed for specifying and solving a fluid transfer problem. Schematic manager means are provided for generating and modifying a pictorial representation of a fluid system schematic having a plurality of components. The schematic manager means Is fluid and process independent. Replicator means are provided for generating a set of simultaneous equations from the pictorial representation and for assuring that the schematic manager remains fluid and process independent. A generic run-time simulation module is provided for solving the set of simultaneous equations, thereby allowing the computer program to adapt to variations in component state and fluid state as a function of system parameters. A fluid and property database manager is invoked by the simulation module, for allowing simulation of fluid flow processes having fluid states which may be unknown at the time of model creation. The data display routine is provided for displaying program results, thereby obviating any requirement for user coding.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于指定和解决流体转移问题的计算机程序。 提供了示意性管理器装置，用于生成和修改具有多个部件的流体系统示意图的图形表示。 示意图管理器意味着流体和过程无关。 提供复制器装置用于从图形表示生成一组联立方程，并且确保示意图管理器保持流体和处理独立。 提供了一个通用运行时模拟模块，用于求解一组联立方程，从而允许计算机程序根据系统参数适应组件状态和流体状态的变化。 流体和财产数据库管理器由模拟模块调用，用于允许模拟具有在模型创建时可能是未知的流体状态的流体流动过程。 提供数据显示程序用于显示程序结果，从而避免对用户编码的任何要求。

    Slush producing process and device
    4.
    发明授权
    Slush producing process and device 有权
    生产工艺和装置

    公开(公告)号：US6131397A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-17

    申请号：US262787

    申请日：1999-03-04

    申请人： John E. Davis ,  Tibor I. Lak ,  Gene Rogers ,  James F. Weber ,  Michael V. Merlin ,  Timothy L. Gaynor, III ,  David L. Gerhardt

    发明人： John E. Davis ,  Tibor I. Lak ,  Gene Rogers ,  James F. Weber ,  Michael V. Merlin ,  Timothy L. Gaynor, III ,  David L. Gerhardt

    IPC分类号： F25J1/00 ,  B64G1/40 ,  B64G5/00 ,  C06B47/06 ,  C06B47/12 ,  F25C1/00 ,  F25D3/10 ,  F17C5/00

    CPC分类号： B64G1/402 ,  B64G5/00 ,  C06B47/06 ,  C06B47/12 ,  F25C1/00 ,  F25C2301/002 ,  F25C2600/04 ,  Y02E60/324

    摘要： Slush is made from a liquid using slush making systems or according to slush making processes. A jacketed vessel of the processes and the systems has an interior wall that defines an interior space. The interior space comprises a top and a bottom. The interior space has an average overall cross-sectional area taken through a vertical axis extending generally between the top and the bottom. The interior space also has a collection portion having an average collection portion cross-sectional area taken through the vertical axis that is less than the average overall cross-sectional area. The liquid is placed into the interior space and the interior walls are cooled. Slush forms on the interior walls and migrates to the collection portion. The collection portion is located at the interior space bottom when the slush density is higher than the liquid density and the collection portion is located at the interior space top when slush density is less than the liquid density. To facilitate the migration of the slush to the collection portion, at least a conical portion of the interior space has the general shape of a cone and the collection portion is located in the proximity of an apex of the conical portion, thereby helping to funnel the slush to the collection portion. The cryogenic liquid to be made into slush may be oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, or water. The slush may be used to densify cryogenic liquids, such as cryogenic liquid propellants.

    摘要翻译： 泥浆由使用制浆系统的液体或根据制浆工艺制成。 工艺和系统的夹套容器具有限定内部空间的内壁。 内部空间包括顶部和底部。 内部空间的平均整个横截面面积通过一般在顶部和底部之间延伸的垂直轴线。 内部空间还具有收集部分，该收集部分具有通过垂直轴线截取的平均收集部分横截面积小于平均总横截面积。 液体被放置在内部空间中并且内壁被冷却。 在内墙上形成灰浆，并迁移到收集部分。 当泥浆密度高于液体密度时，收集部分位于内部空间底部，当灌浆密度小于液体密度时，收集部分位于内部空间顶部。 为了便于将浆料迁移到收集部分，内部空间的至少一个锥形部分具有锥体的大致形状，并且收集部分位于锥形部分的顶点附近，从而有助于漏斗 溜到收集部分。 待制成冷冻的低温液体可以是氧气，氮气，氢气，氦气或水。 泥浆可用于致密化低温液体，例如低温液体推进剂。