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1.发明授权Metal halide arc discharge lamp with means for suppressing convection currents within the outer envelope and methods of operating and constructing same 失效金属卤化物电弧放电灯，其具有用于抑制外壳内的对流的装置及其操作和构造方法
公开(公告)号：US4580989A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-08
申请号：US600226
申请日：1984-04-13
摘要： A metal halide arc discharge lamp having a gaseous fill within the outer envelope and means for suppressing convection currents within such fill; and methods of operating and constructing such lamps. A light-transmissive sleeve or enclosure surrounding the arc tube laterally and about at least one end thereof is so shaped and mounted with respect to the arc tube as to insure that the Rayleigh Number, a quantitative measure of convective flow, in the atmosphere laterally surrounding the arc tube will be less than 5.times.10.sup.4 during operation of the lamp whereby excessive convective heat loss in such lamp will be effectively suppressed.
摘要翻译： 一种在外壳内具有气态填充物的金属卤化物电弧放电灯，以及用于抑制该填充物内的对流的装置; 以及操作和构造这种灯的方法。 横向和围绕其至少一个端部围绕电弧管的透光套筒或外壳相对于电弧管被成形和安装，以确保在大气中横向周围的大气中的对流流量的定量测量值 在灯的操作期间，电弧管将小于5×10 4，从而有效地抑制这种灯中的过度的对流热损失。
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2.发明授权Metal halide arc discharge lamp with means for suppressing convection currents within the outer envelope and methods of operating same 失效金属卤化物电弧放电灯，具有用于抑制外壳内的对流电流的装置及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US4499396A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-12
申请号：US409280
申请日：1982-08-18
摘要： A metal halide arc discharge lamp having a gaseous fill within the outer envelope and means for suppressing convection currents within such fill; and methods of operating and constructing such lamps. A light-transmissive sleeve or enclosure surrounding the arc tube laterally and about at least one end thereof is so shaped and mounted with respect to the arc tube as to insure that the Rayleigh Number, a quantitative measure of convection flow, in the atmosphere laterally surrounding the arc tube will be less than 5.times.10.sup.4 during operation of the lamp whereby excessive convective heat loss in such lamp will be effectively suppressed.
摘要翻译： 一种在外壳内具有气态填充物的金属卤化物电弧放电灯，以及用于抑制该填充物内的对流的装置; 以及操作和构造这种灯的方法。 横向和围绕其至少一个端部围绕电弧管的透光套筒或外壳相对于电弧管被成形和安装，以确保瑞利数量是横向周围的大气中的对流的定量测量 在灯的操作期间，电弧管将小于5×10 4，从而有效地抑制这种灯中的过度的对流热损失。
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3.发明授权Projection lamp comprising single ended arc discharge lamp and an interference filter 失效投影灯包括单端电弧放电灯和干涉滤光片
公开(公告)号：US4386292A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-31
申请号：US165307
申请日：1980-07-02
CPC分类号： H01J61/12 , F21V17/04 , F21V9/06 , G03B21/2026
摘要： A projection lamp comprises a single-ended metal halide arc discharge lamp disposed within a curved reflector and an interference filter disposed in front of the reflector, the filter being highly transmissive of visible light and reflective of radiation for which the metal halide, in molten salt form, is highly absorptive.
摘要翻译： 投影灯包括设置在弯曲反射器内的单端金属卤化物电弧放电灯和设置在反射器前面的干涉滤光器，该滤光片对可见光高度透射并反射辐射，其中金属卤化物在熔融盐 形式，是高度吸收。
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公开(公告)号：US5997162A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US41802
申请日：1998-03-13
CPC分类号： H05B41/2928 , H01J61/106 , Y02B20/208
摘要： The efficiency of a horizontally operated arc discharge lamp has been found to be substantially improved by the application of a transverse magnetic field. The magnetic field moves the arc downward, away from the upper wall of the lamp envelope. The magnetic field moves the arc so that the outer mantel that otherwise would make contact with side walls of the envelope stand away from the envelope wall. With the arc withdrawn from the wall, less energy is lost in heating the envelope, resulting in more energy be directed to the emission of light.
摘要翻译： 通过施加横向磁场，已经发现水平操作的电弧放电灯的效率大大提高。 磁场将电弧向下移动，远离灯泡的上壁。 磁场移动电弧，否则将与信封的侧壁接触的外壁架远离信封壁。 随着电弧从墙壁撤出，在加热封套时损失的能量较少，导致更多的能量被引向光的发射。
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公开(公告)号：US4540373A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-10
申请号：US645649
申请日：1984-08-30
IPC分类号： H01J9/32
CPC分类号： H01J9/326
摘要： This invention provides an improved method of fabricating an arc tube, particularly a miniaturized arc tube having precise geometry and requiring exact electrode alignment. The improved method divides the press sealing operation into two distinct steps. In the first or preforming step, the ends of the arc tube are heated and preformed such that the ends have a substantially elliptical cross section; in the second or pressing step, the preformed ends are heated and pressed together to form completed press seals. During each step, the viscosity of the pliable glass remains low so that internal shearing forces are substantially reduced from those experienced in the prior art methods. As a result of the low viscosity during the pressing step, electrode misalignment, tearing of molybdenum foils, and deformation of the midsection of the arc tube are virtually eliminated. An electrode and a starting probe may be inserted with ease into a preformed end because of its flattened cross section. In the absence of the preforming step, a tubular blank having a larger internal diameter might be required thereby necessitating a more bulky arc tube and greater glass consumption.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种制造电弧管的改进方法，特别是具有精确几何形状并需要精确电极对准的小型化电弧管。 改进的方法将压力密封操作分为两个不同的步骤。 在第一或预成形步骤中，电弧管的端部被加热并预成型，使得端部具有基本上椭圆形的横截面; 在第二或按压步骤中，将预成型的端部加热并压在一起以形成完成的压力密封。 在每个步骤期间，柔韧玻璃的粘度保持较低，使得内部剪切力与现有技术方法中经历的剪切力基本上相比减小。 由于压制步骤中的粘度低，电极未对准，钼箔撕裂以及电弧管中部变形几乎被消除。 由于电极和起始探头的横截面平坦，所以可以容易地将电极和起始探针插入预成型端。 在没有预成型步骤的情况下，可能需要具有较大内径的管状坯料，因此需要更大体积的电弧管和更大的玻璃消耗。
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公开(公告)号：US5036256A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-30
申请号：US541874
申请日：1990-06-21
IPC分类号： H05B41/16 , H05B41/282 , H05B41/288 , H05B41/38
CPC分类号： H05B41/042 , H05B41/2881 , H05B41/382 , Y02B20/206 , Y10S315/07
摘要： A circuit for starting and operating a high intensity discharge (HID)lamp in a dc mode includes a pulse width modulator (PWM) coupled to first and second direct current input terminals. The PWM includes a high frequency generator driving a pair of semiconductor switches. A first transformer having primary and secondary windings is coupled to the semiconductor switches. A rectifier and voltage multiplier circuit converts the voltage across the secondary winding of the first transformer to a direct current voltage. A first energy storage circuit coupled to the rectifier and voltage multiplier circuit stores energy for generating a high voltage spike which initiates a glow condition in the lamp. A secondary energy storage circuit, which stores energy for application to the HID lamp during starting, insures proper glow-to-arc transition. The starting and operating circuit further includes a second transformer having first and second secondary windings coupled to the HID lamp and a pulse winding coupled to the first energy storage circuit. Preferably, the windings of the second transformer are adapted to apply a negative-going pulse across the lamp. The application of a negative-going pulse prevents failure of the quartz region of the glass around the lamp cathode by insuring that electrons properly migrate from the cathode to the anode. Moreover, the use of the negative-going pulse improves hot restriking.
摘要翻译： 用于以直流模式启动和操作高强度放电（HID）灯的电路包括耦合到第一和第二直流输入端的脉宽调制器（PWM）。 PWM包括驱动一对半导体开关的高频发生器。 具有初级和次级绕组的第一变压器耦合到半导体开关。 整流器和电压倍增器电路将第一变压器的次级绕组两端的电压转换为直流电压。 耦合到整流器和电压倍增器电路的第一能量存储电路存储用于产生在灯中启动发光状态的高电压尖峰的能量。 二次能量存储电路在开始时存储用于HID灯的能量，确保适当的发光到电弧转换。 启动和操作电路还包括具有耦合到HID灯的第一和第二次级绕组和耦合到第一能量存储电路的脉冲绕组的第二变压器。 优选地，第二变压器的绕组适于在灯上施加负向脉冲。 施加负向脉冲通过确保电子从阴极适当地迁移到阳极来防止灯阴极周围的玻璃的石英区的故障。 此外，使用负向脉冲可以改善热再起弧。
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公开(公告)号：US5051665A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-24
申请号：US541878
申请日：1990-06-21
IPC分类号： H05B41/16 , H05B41/04 , H05B41/282 , H05B41/292 , H05B41/38
CPC分类号： H05B41/2928 , H05B41/042 , H05B41/382 , Y02B20/204 , Y10S315/07
摘要： A ballast for starting and operating a high intensity discharge (HID) lamp in a dc mode includes an oscillator coupled to first and second direct current input terminals. The oscillator includes a high frequency generator driving a pair of semiconductor switches. A first transformer having primary and secondary windings is coupled to the semiconductor switches. A rectifier and voltage multiplier circuit converts the voltage across the secondary winding of the first transformer to a dc voltage. A first energy storage circuit coupled to the rectifier and voltage multiplier circuit stores energy for generating a negative-going, high-voltage spike sufficient for initiating a glow condition in the lamp. A second energy storage circuit, which stores energy for application to the HID lamp during starting, insures proper glow-to-arc transition. The starting and operating circuit further includes a control circuit for regulating lamp power in response to control signals received from voltage and current monitoring circuits. A portion of the ballast is adapted to permit the lamp to reach full light output in a relatively short period of time by briefly operating the lamp at an elevated power level during starting.
摘要翻译： 用于以直流模式启动和操作高强度放电（HID）灯的镇流器包括耦合到第一和第二直流输入端子的振荡器。 振荡器包括驱动一对半导体开关的高频发生器。 具有初级和次级绕组的第一变压器耦合到半导体开关。 整流器和电压倍增器电路将第一变压器的次级绕组两端的电压转换成直流电压。 耦合到整流器和电压倍增器电路的第一能量存储电路存储用于产生足以在灯中启动发光状态的负向高电压尖峰的能量。 第二能量存储电路在启动期间存储用于HID灯的能量，确保适当的发光到电弧转换。 起动和操作电路还包括用于响应于从电压和电流监视电路接收的控制信号来调节灯功率的控制电路。 镇流器的一部分适于允许灯在相对短的时间段内通过在启动期间以升高的功率水平短暂地操作灯来达到全光输出。
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公开(公告)号：US4362969A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-07
申请号：US257847
申请日：1981-04-27
CPC分类号： H01J61/56
摘要： An arc extinguishing means for a high intensity discharge lamp comprises a meltable fuse wire a portion of which is surrounded by a refractory hollow sleeve of larger diameter than the fuse wire. The remaining volume of the sleeve is substantially filled with a pyrophoric material which, at an operating temperature available within the lamp, will spontaneously ignite in the presence of oxygen and generate sufficient heat to melt the fuse wire and thus open the circuit, extinguishing the lamp.
摘要翻译： 用于高强度放电灯的灭弧装置包括可熔熔丝，其一部分被直径大于熔丝的耐火中空套管包围。 套管的剩余体积基本上充满了自燃材料，在自来水中可用的工作温度下，在氧气存在下会自发点燃并产生足够的热量来熔化熔丝，从而打开电路，熄灭灯 。
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