公开(公告)号：US5097133A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-17

申请号：US287860

申请日：1988-12-21

申请人： Tom L. Nam ,  Robert C. Burns ,  Rex J. Keddy

发明人： Tom L. Nam ,  Robert C. Burns ,  Rex J. Keddy

IPC分类号： G01T1/24 ,  G01T1/02 ,  G01T1/16 ,  G01T1/26 ,  H01L31/09

CPC分类号： G01T3/08 ,  G01T1/26

摘要： Nuclear radiation is detected by applying electrical contacts to a synthetic diamond having a nitrogen impurity concentration of 25 to 150 parts per million. An electrical circuit is connected to the contacts and applies a DC bias voltage across the diamond. When the diamond is subjected to nuclear radiation, a change in the current or voltage in the circuit occurs which corresponds to the radiation intensity. The nuclear radiation may be any kind of radiation. The contacts are preferably attached directly to the diamond and are ohmic in nature.

公开(公告)号：US4754140A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-28

申请号：US841171

申请日：1986-03-19

申请人： Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Robert C. Burns

发明人： Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Robert C. Burns

IPC分类号： C30B33/02 ,  C09K11/65 ,  C30B29/04 ,  G01T1/02 ,  G01T1/11 ,  G01T1/16

CPC分类号： C09K11/65

摘要： Diamond having a nitrogen content not exceeding 100 ppm and electrons or holes trapped at lattice imperfections within the crystal structure has been found to be a good thermoluminescent material. The diamond is produced by taking a diamond having a nitrogen content not exceeding 100 ppm and subjecting it to nuclear radiation.

摘要翻译： 已经发现氮含量不超过100ppm的金刚石和晶体结构内的晶格缺陷处的电子或空穴是一种良好的热发光材料。 该金刚石是通过使用氮含量不超过100ppm并进行核辐射的金刚石来制造的。

公开(公告)号：US5130549A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-14

申请号：US494945

申请日：1990-03-14

申请人： Geoffrey J. Davies ,  Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Lesley K. Hedges

发明人： Geoffrey J. Davies ,  Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Lesley K. Hedges

IPC分类号： C01B21/064 ,  C09K11/63 ,  G01T1/11

CPC分类号： C09K11/63

摘要： Cubic boron nitride having an impurity profile as set out below has been found to exhibit excellent thermoluminescent properties with a high gamma radiation sensitivity and low light sensitivity:______________________________________ Impurity Content - less than ______________________________________ Carbon 1100 ppm Oxygen 1500 ppm Silicon 100 ppm Phosphorus 30 ppm Titanium 30 ppm Beryllium 1 ppm ______________________________________

公开(公告)号：US5399868A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-21

申请号：US30837

申请日：1993-03-12

申请人： Barbara L. Jones ,  Tom L. Nam ,  Shawn Araikum ,  Rex J. Keddy

发明人： Barbara L. Jones ,  Tom L. Nam ,  Shawn Araikum ,  Rex J. Keddy

IPC分类号： G01T1/02 ,  G01T1/161 ,  G01T1/24 ,  G01T1/26 ,  G01T1/10

CPC分类号： G01T1/161 ,  G01T1/26

摘要： The instant invention relates to a method and an apparatus of monitoring nuclear radiation. The method utilizes a diamond radiation sensor element having a nitrogen impurity concentration of less than 150 ppm. The sensor element is subjected to nuclear radiation, while being stimulated with light of a selected wavelength or range of wavelengths, preferably in the ultraviolet or near-ultraviolet range, resulting in light emissions from the sensor element. Typically, the sensor element is fixed to the end of an optical fibre, the far end of the fibre being used to channel stimulating light to the sensor element and to feed resultant light emissions from the sensor element to a photomultiplier tube.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种监测核辐射的方法和装置。 该方法利用氮杂质浓度小于150ppm的金刚石辐射传感器元件。 传感器元件经受核辐射，同时被选择的波长或波长范围的光刺激，优选地在紫外或近紫外范围内，导致来自传感器元件的光发射。 通常，传感器元件固定到光纤的端部，光纤的远端用于将刺激光引导到传感器元件，并将来自传感器元件的合成光发射馈送到光电倍增管。

公开(公告)号：US4833328A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-23

申请号：US065311

申请日：1987-06-22

申请人： Johan F. Prins ,  Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy

发明人： Johan F. Prins ,  Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy

IPC分类号： H01L31/09 ,  C01B31/06 ,  G01T1/02 ,  G01T1/16 ,  G01T1/24 ,  G01T1/26 ,  H01L21/04 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/0224 ,  H05K1/03 ,  H05K3/10

CPC分类号： H01L31/0224 ,  G01T1/26 ,  H01L21/043 ,  H05K1/0306 ,  H05K3/105

摘要： The invention provides a method of preparing a detector which is sensitive to ionizing radiation or atomic emissions. The method includes the steps of forming at least two discrete conductive regions on a counting diamond by ion implantation, at a temperature below 500.degree. C. Subsequently, contacts are applied to the conductive regions to allow charged carriers liberated by the radiation to be detected by an electronic circuit. The invention extends to a detector prepared according to the method. An example of a detector according to the invention comprised a synthetic diamond having a paramagnetic nitrogen impurity concentration of less than 150 parts per million. Two conductive regions were formed on the diamond by bombardment with carbon ions, and contacts were formed on the conductive regions by the applications of silver-loaded epoxy paint.

公开(公告)号：US5444251A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-22

申请号：US204985

申请日：1994-03-02

申请人： Tom L. Nam ,  Shawn Araikum ,  Rex J. Keddy

发明人： Tom L. Nam ,  Shawn Araikum ,  Rex J. Keddy

IPC分类号： A61N5/10 ,  C09K9/00 ,  G01T1/02 ,  G01T1/10 ,  G01T1/161 ,  G01T1/202 ,  G01T1/26

CPC分类号： G01T1/161 ,  G01T1/202 ,  G01T1/26 ,  A61B6/4258

摘要： The invention provides a method of detecting and monitoring ionizing radiation such as nuclear radiation. The method comprises providing a diamond radiation sensor element having a nitrogen concentration not exceeding 20 ppm and which is optimized for phosphorescent response, and exposing it to ionizing radiation. The resulting phosphorescent response of the sensor element is then monitored, typically over a period of at least 20 seconds. The invention extends to the sensor element itself, and to apparatus employing the sensor.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种检测和监测核辐射等电离辐射的方法。 该方法包括提供氮浓度不超过20ppm的金刚石辐射传感器元件，并针对磷光反应进行优化，并将其暴露于电离辐射。 然后通常在至少20秒的时间段内监测所得到的传感器元件的磷光响应。 本发明延伸到传感器元件本身以及使用该传感器的设备。

公开(公告)号：US5216249A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-01

申请号：US772279

申请日：1991-10-07

申请人： Barbara L. Jones ,  Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy

发明人： Barbara L. Jones ,  Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy

IPC分类号： G01T3/00 ,  G01T3/08

CPC分类号： G01T3/08

摘要： A neutron detector is formed from a layer of polycrystalline diamond which is deposited by a chemical vapor deposition process. The diamond material contains .sup.10 B as a dopant, in a concentration of 1,000 ppm or less. In one embodiment, the layer of diamond material is deposited on a supporting substrate. Advantageously, the substrate itself may comprise a layer of diamond material. In another embodiment, the substrate comprises a layer of conductive or semiconductive material. The diamond material is deposited on top of the substrate, with at least two regions in contact with the semiconductive material. A central portion of the semiconductive material is etched away, and electrical contacts are applied to the remaining portions of the semiconductive substrate. An advantage of the neutron detector of the invention is that the diamond layer is very thin, less than 50 .mu.m thick, so that the sensitivity of the detector to other radiation, particularly .gamma. radiation, is reduced.

公开(公告)号：US5128546A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-07

申请号：US458188

申请日：1989-12-28

申请人： Tom L. Nam ,  Hendrik J. Van Rijn ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Paul J. Fallon ,  Joanne F. Schlimmer nee Andrews

发明人： Tom L. Nam ,  Hendrik J. Van Rijn ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Paul J. Fallon ,  Joanne F. Schlimmer nee Andrews

IPC分类号： G01T1/202 ,  C09K11/00 ,  G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/26

CPC分类号： G01T1/26 ,  G01T1/20

摘要： The invention provides a scintillation detector for nuclear radiation which comprises a synthetic diamond having a nitrogen impurity concentration of 150 ppm or less. The detector has solvent (or oxides thereof) impurity concentrations of 1000 ppm or less, where the solvents are any of the following: Ni, Cu, Mn, Al or Cr, or combinations thereof. The detector has Fe and Co impurity concentrations of less than 10 ppm. A practical version of the detector includes an optical fibre and a photomultiplier tube, the optical fibre collecting light emitted by the diamond and channelling it to the photomultiplier tube.

公开(公告)号：US5012108A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-30

申请号：US370195

申请日：1989-06-22

申请人： Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Jacques P. Sellschop

发明人： Tom L. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Jacques P. Sellschop

IPC分类号： G01T1/11 ,  G01T3/00

CPC分类号： G01T1/11

摘要： A method of detecting, counting or otherwise measuring nuclear radiation includes the steps of exposing a diamond containing single substitutional paramagnetic nitrogen to the nuclear radiation to cause electrons or holes to be trapped at lattice imperfections within the diamond crystal structure, heating the diamond to cause it to luminesce and utilizing the luminescence as a means for the detection, counting or measurement of the nuclear radiation. The method is characterized by subjecting the diamond to a high dose of neutron or electron irradiation prior to exposing it to the nuclear radiation to be detected. This, it has been found, improves both the sensitivity of the diamond as a thermoluminescent material and linearity of the thermoluminescent response to nuclear radiation dose.

公开(公告)号：US5527565A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-18

申请号：US289527

申请日：1994-08-12

申请人： Leong T. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Johan F. Prins

发明人： Leong T. Nam ,  Rex J. Keddy ,  Johan F. Prins

IPC分类号： G01T1/11 ,  G01T1/26 ,  B05D3/06 ,  G01J1/00

CPC分类号： G01T1/26

摘要： A method of manufacturing a radiation sensor element. The method includes providing a diamond body which comprises crystalline diamond material which has a nitrogen impurity concentration of less than 150 ppm. The body is typically a synthetic diamond manufactured by a high temperature/high pressure process, or by a chemical vapour deposition process. The body is hydrogenated to cause atomic hydrogen to be incorporated into the diamond crystal lattice. Hydrogenation can be carried out by ion implantation, or by exposing the body to a hydrogen plasma. Where the sensor element is to be used as a counting diamond, electrical contacts are formed on the body, for example by ion implantation.

摘要翻译： 一种制造辐射传感器元件的方法。 该方法包括提供一种包含氮杂质浓度小于150ppm的结晶金刚石材料的金刚石体。 身体通常是通过高温/高压工艺制造的人造金刚石，或通过化学气相沉积工艺。 氢化体将原子氢引入金刚石晶格中。 氢化可以通过离子注入或通过将体暴露于氢等离子体来进行。 当传感器元件用作计数金刚石时，例如通过离子注入在主体上形成电触点。