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公开(公告)号：US4737343A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-12
申请号：US820122
申请日：1986-01-21
Applicant: Tomas B. Hirschfeld
Inventor： Tomas B. Hirschfeld
CPC classification number: G01N21/643 , G01N2021/6434 , G01N2021/6484 , Y10T436/204998 , Y10T436/209163
Abstract: An optrode is provided for sensing dissolved gases or volatile components of a solution. A fiber optic is provided through which light from an associated light source is transmitted from a first end to a second end. A bubble forming means, such as a tube, is attached to the second end of the fiber optic, and an indicator material is disposed in cooperation with the bubble forming means adjacent to the second end of the fiber optic such that it is illuminated by light emanating from the second end. The bubble forming means causes a gas bubble to form whenever the optrode is immersed in the fluid. The gas bubble separates the indicator material from the fluid. Gases, or other volatile components, of the fluid are sensed as they diffuse across the gas bubble from the fluid to the indicator material.
Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于感测溶液的溶解气体或挥发性组分的光电。 提供了一种光纤，来自相关光源的光从第一端传输到第二端。 诸如管的气泡形成装置附接到光纤的第二端，并且指示剂材料与气泡形成装置配合设置，邻近于光纤的第二端，使得它被光照射 从第二端发出。 只要光学浸入流体中，气泡形成装置就会形成气泡。 气泡将指示剂材料与流体分离。 当气体从流体扩散到指示剂材料时，感测流体的气体或其它挥发性组分。
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公开(公告)号：US4558014A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-10
申请号：US503500
申请日：1983-06-13
Applicant: Tomas B. Hirschfeld , Myron J. Block
Inventor： Tomas B. Hirschfeld , Myron J. Block
IPC: G01N21/64 , G01N21/77 , G01N33/53 , G01N33/536 , G01N33/543 , G01N33/58 , G01N21/00
CPC classification number: G01N21/648 , G01N21/7703 , G01N33/5302 , G01N33/54373 , G01N33/582 , Y10S436/80 , Y10S436/807 , Y10S436/808
Abstract: An assay apparatus and methods employing total internal fluorescence to define a thin observed volume of a multi-phase suspension from which the suspended phase, because of its size and shape, is substantially excluded. Observations of the fluorescence of a known quantity of fluorescent material introduced into a known volume of the sample containing the observed volume permits quantitation of the volumes of the suspended and suspending phases.
Abstract translation: 一种使用全内荧光来定义多相悬浮液的薄观察体积的测定装置和方法，由此基本排除了悬浮相的尺寸和形状。 已知量的荧光材料的荧光观察引入含有观察体积的已知体积的样品中，可以定量悬浮和悬浮相的体积。
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公开(公告)号：US4674320A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US781543
申请日：1985-09-30
Applicant: Tomas B. Hirschfeld
Inventor： Tomas B. Hirschfeld
IPC: G01N27/12
CPC classification number: G01N27/126
Abstract: A chemoresistive gas sensor is provided which has improved sensitivity. A layer of organic semiconductor is disposed between two electrodes which, in turn, are connected to a voltage source. High conductivity material is dispersed within the layer of organic semiconductor in the form of very small particles, or islands. The average interisland spacing is selected so that the predominant mode of current flow is by way of electron funneling. Adsorption of gaseous contaminant onto the layer of organic semiconductor modulates the tunneling current in a quantitative manner.
Abstract translation: 提供了具有改善的灵敏度的化学耐药性气体传感器。 有机半导体层设置在两个电极之间，而电极又连接到电压源。 高导电性材料以非常小的颗粒或岛状的形式分散在有机半导体层内。 选择平均的间隔间距，使得电流的主要模式是通过电子漏斗。 气态污染物吸附到有机半导体层上以定量的方式调制隧穿电流。
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公开(公告)号：US4577109A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-18
申请号：US445619
申请日：1982-11-30
Applicant: Tomas B. Hirschfeld
Inventor： Tomas B. Hirschfeld
CPC classification number: G01N21/643 , G01N21/255 , G01N2021/6434 , G01N2021/6484 , G01N2021/7786 , G01N21/6408 , G01N21/80 , G01N2201/08
Abstract: A technique for gathering specific information from various remote locations, especially fluorimetric information characteristic of particular materials at the various locations is disclosed herein. This technique uses a single source of light disposed at still a different, central location and an overall optical network including an arrangement of optical fibers cooperating with the light source for directing individual light beams into the different information bearing locations. The incoming light beams result in corresponding displays of light, e.g., fluorescent light, containing the information to be obtained. The optical network cooperates with these light displays at the various locations for directing ongoing light beams containing the same information as their cooperating displays from these locations to the central location. Each of these outgoing beams is applied to a detection arrangement, e.g., a fluorescence spectroscope, for retrieving the information contained thereby.
Abstract translation: 本文公开了用于从各种远程位置收集特定信息的技术，特别是在各个位置处特定材料的特征的荧光信息。 该技术使用设置在不同的中心位置处的单个光源，以及包括与光源协作的光纤布置的整个光学网络，用于将各个光束引导到不同的信息承载位置。 入射光束产生包含要获得的信息的光的相应显示，例如荧光灯。 光网络与各种位置处的这些光显示器协同工作，用于将包含与它们的协作显示器相同信息的正在进行的光束从这些位置引导到中心位置。 这些输出光束中的每一个被施加到检测装置，例如荧光分光镜，用于检索由此包含的信息。
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公开(公告)号：US4464572A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-07
申请号：US375518
申请日：1982-05-06
Applicant: Tomas B. Hirschfeld
Inventor： Tomas B. Hirschfeld
Abstract: In electro-optical detectors which include as elements a photoemitting photocathode and anode, a photoemitting diode is fabricated which lowers the diode's work function, thus reducing the cooling requirement typically needed for this type of device. The work function is reduced by sandwiching between the photocathode and anode a liquid medium of the formula NR.sub.3 and having an electron affinity for the electrons of the photocathode, which liquid medium permits free electrons leaving the photocathode to remain as stable solvated species in the liquid medium. Thus, highly light-absorbent, and therefore thin, metallic layers can be used for detection, thereby reducing dark current at a given temperature, with a consequent reduction in cooling requirements at constant detector performance.
Abstract translation: 在包含光敏光电阴极和阳极的元件的电光检测器中，制造了一种降低二极管功函数的发光二极管，从而降低了这种器件通常需要的冷却要求。 通过在光电阴极和阳极之间夹住式NR3的液体介质并且对光电阴极的电子具有电子亲和力来降低功函数，该液体介质允许离开光电阴极的自由电子在液体介质中保持为稳定的溶剂化物质 。 因此，可以使用高度吸收光的薄金属层进行检测，从而降低给定温度下的暗电流，从而降低了恒定探测器性能下的冷却要求。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4425136A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-10
申请号：US247709
申请日：1981-03-26
Applicant: Richard K. Pearson , Tomas B. Hirschfeld
Inventor： Richard K. Pearson , Tomas B. Hirschfeld
CPC classification number: C10L1/02
Abstract: A minimally refined fluid composition, suitable as a fuel mixture and derived from biomass material, is comprised of one or more water-soluble carbohydrates such as sucrose, one or more alcohols having less than four carbons, and water. The carbohydrate provides the fuel source; water solubilizes the carbohydrates; and the alcohol aids in the combustion of the carbohydrate and reduces the vicosity of the carbohydrate/water solution. Because less energy is required to obtain the carbohydrate from the raw biomass than alcohol, an overall energy savings is realized compared to fuels employing alcohol as the primary fuel.
Abstract translation: 适合作为燃料混合物并衍生自生物质材料的微量精制流体组合物由一种或多种水溶性碳水化合物如蔗糖，一种或多种具有少于四个碳的醇和水组成。 碳水化合物提供燃料源; 水溶解碳水化合物; 并且该醇有助于碳水化合物的燃烧并且减少碳水化合物/水溶液的连续性。 由于从原料生物质获得碳水化合物所需的能量少于酒精，与使用酒精作为主要燃料的燃料相比，实现了总体节能。
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公开(公告)号：US4929561A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-29
申请号：US763557
申请日：1985-08-08
Applicant: Tomas B. Hirschfeld
Inventor： Tomas B. Hirschfeld
CPC classification number: G01N21/643 , G01N21/6408 , G01N2021/6434 , G01N21/783 , Y10T436/177692 , Y10T436/184
Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring the physical and chemical properties of a sample fluid by measuring an optical signal generated by a fluorescent substance and modulated by an absorber substance. The emission band of the fluorescent substance overlaps the absorption band of the absorber substance, and the degree of overlap is dependent on the physical and chemical properties of the sample fluid. The fluorescent substance and absorber substance are immobilized on a substrate so that an effective number of molecules thereof are sufficiently close for resonant energy transfer to occur, thereby providing highly efficient modulation of the fluorescent emissions of the fluorescent substance by the absorber substance.
Abstract translation: 一种用于通过测量由荧光物质产生并由吸收物质调制的光学信号来监测样品流体的物理和化学性质的方法和装置。 荧光物质的发射带与吸收体的吸收带重叠，重叠程度取决于样品流体的物理和化学性质。 将荧光物质和吸收物质固定在基板上，使得有效数量的分子充分接近共振能量转移发生，从而通过吸收物质高效调制荧光物质的荧光发射。
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公开(公告)号：US4771006A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-13
申请号：US14703
申请日：1987-02-13
Applicant: Holly Miller , Fred P. Milanovich , Tomas B. Hirschfeld , Fred S. Miller
Inventor： Holly Miller , Fred P. Milanovich , Tomas B. Hirschfeld , Fred S. Miller
IPC: G01N21/64
CPC classification number: G01N21/643 , G01N2021/6434 , G01N2021/772 , G01N2021/7786 , Y10T436/196666
Abstract: A two-phase system employing the Fujiwara reaction is provided for the fluorometric detection of halogenated hydrocarbons. A fiber optic is utilized to illuminate a column of pyridine trapped in a capillary tube coaxially attached at one end to the illuminating end of the fiber optic. A strongly alkaline condition necessary for the reaction is maintained by providing a reservoir of alkali in contact with the column of pyridine, the surface of contact being adjacent to the illuminating end of the fiber optic. A semipermeable membrane caps the other end of the capillary tube, the membrane being preferentially permeable to the halogenated hydrocarbon and but preferentially impermeable to water and pyridine. As the halogenated hydrocarbon diffuses through the membrane and into the column of pyridine, fluorescent reaction products are formed. Light propagated by the fiber optic from a light source, excites the fluorescent products. Light from the fluorescence emission is also collected by the same fiber optic and transmitted to a detector. The intensity of the fluorescence gives a measure of the concentration of the halogenated hydrocarbons.
Abstract translation: 提供了使用藤原反应的两相体系用于卤代烃的荧光检测。 光纤被用于照亮被捕获在毛细管中的吡啶柱，所述毛细管同轴地连接到光纤的照明端。 通过提供与吡啶列接触的碱性储存器来保持反应所需的强碱性条件，接触表面与光纤的照明端相邻。 半透膜覆盖毛细管的另一端，膜优先对卤代烃是可渗透的，但优先对水和吡啶不渗透。 当卤代烃扩散通过膜并进入吡啶柱时，形成荧光反应产物。 由光纤从光源传播的光激发荧光产品。 来自荧光发射的光也被相同的光纤收集并传输到检测器。 荧光强度可测量卤代烃的浓度。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4768886A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-06
申请号：US686424
申请日：1984-12-26
Applicant: Tomas B. Hirschfeld , Gilbert R. Haugen
Inventor： Tomas B. Hirschfeld , Gilbert R. Haugen
CPC classification number: G01D5/268 , G01K11/3213 , G01L1/248 , G01L11/02
Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for simultaneously measuring temperature and pressure in a class of crystalline materials having anisotropic thermal coefficients and having a coefficient of linear compression along the crystalline c-axis substantially the same as those perpendicular thereto. Temperature is determined by monitoring the fluorescence half life of a probe of such crystalline material, e.g., ruby. Pressure is determined by monitoring at least one other fluorescent property of the probe that depends on pressure and/or temperature, e.g., absolute fluorescent intensity or frequency shifts of fluorescent emission lines.
Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于同时测量具有各向异性热系数的一类结晶材料中的温度和压力的方法和装置，并且沿着与其垂直的结晶C轴基本上相同的晶体C轴具有线性压缩系数。 通过监测这种结晶材料（例如红宝石）的探针的荧光半衰期来确定温度。 通过监测取决于压力和/或温度的探针的至少一个其它荧光性质，例如荧光发射线的绝对荧光强度或频移来确定压力。
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公开(公告)号：US4626693A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-02
申请号：US480844
申请日：1983-03-31
Applicant: Tomas B. Hirschfeld
Inventor： Tomas B. Hirschfeld
CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 , G01N21/255 , G01N21/643 , G01N2021/6434 , G01N2021/6484 , G01N2021/7786 , G01N21/80 , G01N2201/08 , G01N2201/084
Abstract: A technique for gathering specific information from various remote locations, especially fluorimetric information characteristic of particular materials at the various locations is disclosed herein. This technique uses a single source of light disposed at still a different, central location and an overall optical network including an arrangement of optical fibers cooperating with the light source for directing individual light beams into the different information bearing locations. The incoming light beams result in corresponding displays of light, e.g., fluorescent light, containing the information to be obtained. The optical network cooperates with these light displays at the various locations for directing outgoing light beams containing the same information as their cooperating displays from these locations to the central location. Each of these outgoing beams is applied to a detection arrangement, e.g., a fluorescence spectroscope, for retrieving the information contained thereby.
Abstract translation: 本文公开了用于从各种远程位置收集特定信息的技术，特别是在各个位置处特定材料的特征的荧光信息。 该技术使用设置在不同的中心位置处的单个光源，以及包括与光源协作的光纤布置的整个光学网络，用于将各个光束引导到不同的信息承载位置。 入射光束产生包含要获得的信息的光的相应显示，例如荧光灯。 光网络与各种位置处的这些光显示器协作，用于将包含与它们的协作显示器相同的信息的出射光束从这些位置引导到中心位置。 这些输出光束中的每一个被施加到检测装置，例如荧光分光镜，用于检索由此包含的信息。
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