公开(公告)号：US09417965B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-16

申请号：US13926821

申请日：2013-06-25

申请人： VMware, Inc.

发明人： Peter M. Chen ,  Daniel J. Scales ,  Min Xu ,  Matthew D. Ginzton

IPC分类号： G06F11/14 ,  G06F11/20 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F11/14 ,  G06F11/1438 ,  G06F11/1446 ,  G06F11/1458 ,  G06F11/1471 ,  G06F11/1484 ,  G06F11/2023 ,  G06F11/2028 ,  G06F11/203 ,  G06F11/2038 ,  G06F17/30233

摘要： A virtualized computer system provides fault tolerant operation of a primary virtual machine. In one embodiment, this system includes a backup computer system that stores a snapshot of the primary virtual machine and a log file containing non-deterministic events occurring in the instruction stream of the primary virtual machine. The primary virtual machine periodically updates the snapshot and the log file. Upon a failure of the primary virtual machine, the backup computer can instantiate a failover backup virtual machine by consuming the stored snapshot and log file.

公开(公告)号：US09361237B2

公开(公告)日：2016-06-07

申请号：US13655237

申请日：2012-10-18

申请人： VMware, Inc.

发明人： Deng Liu ,  Daniel J. Scales

IPC分类号： G06F12/08 ,  G06F12/12

CPC分类号： G06F12/0866 ,  G06F12/0897 ,  G06F12/121 ,  G06F12/123 ,  G06F12/126

摘要： A technique for efficient cache management demotes a unit of data from a higher cache level to a lower cache level in a cache hierarchy when the higher level cache evicts the unit of data. In a virtualization computing environment, eviction of the unit of data may be inferred by observing privileged memory and disk operations performed by a guest operating system and trapped by virtualization software for execution. When the unit of data is inferred to be evicted, the unit of data is demoted by transferring the unit of data into the lower cache level. This technique enables exclusive caching without direct involvement or modification of the guest operating system. In alternative embodiments, a pseudo-driver installed within the guest operating system explicitly tracks memory operations and transmits page eviction information to the lower level cache, which is able to cache evicted pages while maintaining cache exclusivity.

摘要翻译： 当高级缓存驱逐数据单元时，用于高效缓存管理的技术将高速缓存级别的数据单元降级到高速缓存层级中的较低高速缓存级别。 在虚拟化计算环境中，可以通过观察由客户操作系统执行的特权存储器和磁盘操作并被虚拟化软件捕获以执行来推断数据单元的驱逐。 当推断数据单位被驱逐时，通过将数据单元传送到较低的缓存级别来降低数据单位。 这种技术可以独立的缓存，而不需要直接参与或修改客户机操作系统。 在替代实施例中，安装在客户机操作系统内的伪驱动程序显式地跟踪存储器操作，并将页面驱逐信息发送到下级缓存，其能够缓存被驱逐的页面，同时保持高速缓存独占性。

公开(公告)号：US08745351B2

公开(公告)日：2014-06-03

申请号：US13797335

申请日：2013-03-12

申请人： VMware, Inc.

发明人： Daniel J. Scales ,  Satyam B. Vaghani

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/3007 ,  G06F3/0608 ,  G06F3/0643 ,  G06F3/0676

摘要： A method and system is provided for initializing files such as, for example and without limitation, pre-allocated files or raw device mapping (RDM) files, by delaying initializing file blocks. In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention, file blocks are associated with corresponding indicators to track un-initialized blocks.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法和系统，用于通过延迟初始化文件块来初始化诸如例如但不限于预先分配的文件或原始设备映射（RDM）文件的文件。 根据本发明的一个或多个实施例，文件块与相应的指示符相关联以跟踪未初始化的块。

公开(公告)号：US09031984B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-12

申请号：US13942148

申请日：2013-07-15

申请人： VMware, Inc.

发明人： Daniel J. Scales ,  Satyam B. Vaghani

IPC分类号： G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/30 ,  G06F21/62

CPC分类号： G06F21/6218 ,  G06F17/30067 ,  G06F17/30362

摘要： Multiple computers are connected to a data storage unit that includes a file system, which further includes multiple data entities, including files, directories and the file system itself. The file system also includes, for each data entity, an owner field for indicating which computer, if any, has exclusive or shared access to the data entity, along with a time field for indicating when a lease of the data entity began. When a computer wants to lease a data entity, the computer uses a disk reservation capability to temporarily lock the data storage unit, and, if the data entity is not currently leased, the computer writes its own identification value into the owner field and a current time into the time field for the data entity, to claim the data entity for a renewable lease period. If a prior lease of a data entity has expired, another computer may break the lease and claim ownership for itself.

摘要翻译： 多个计算机连接到包括文件系统的数据存储单元，该文件系统还包括多个数据实体，包括文件，目录和文件系统本身。 文件系统还包括用于每个数据实体的所有者字段，用于指示哪个计算机（如果有的话）具有对数据实体的独占或共享访问，以及用于指示何时开始数据实体的租约的时间字段。 当计算机要租用数据实体时，计算机使用磁盘预留能力临时锁定数据存储单元，并且如果数据实体当前没有租用，则计算机将自己的标识值写入所有者字段，并且当前 时间进入数据实体的时间段，要求数据实体进行可再生租赁期。 如果数据实体的先前租赁已经过期，则另一台计算机可能会破坏租赁并为其自行申请所有权。

公开(公告)号：US08826283B2

公开(公告)日：2014-09-02

申请号：US13926777

申请日：2013-06-25

申请人： VMware, Inc.

发明人： Peter M. Chen ,  Daniel J. Scales ,  Min Xu ,  Matthew D. Ginzton

IPC分类号： G06F11/14 ,  G06F11/20 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F11/14 ,  G06F11/1438 ,  G06F11/1446 ,  G06F11/1458 ,  G06F11/1471 ,  G06F11/1484 ,  G06F11/2023 ,  G06F11/2028 ,  G06F11/203 ,  G06F11/2038 ,  G06F17/30233

摘要： A virtualized computer system provides fault tolerant operation of a primary virtual machine. In one embodiment, this system includes a backup computer system that stores a snapshot of the primary virtual machine and a log file containing non-deterministic events occurring in the instruction stream of the primary virtual machine. The primary virtual machine periodically updates the snapshot and the log file. Upon a failure of the primary virtual machine, the backup computer can instantiate a failover backup virtual machine by consuming the stored snapshot and log file.

摘要翻译： 虚拟化计算机系统提供主虚拟机的容错操作。 在一个实施例中，该系统包括存储主虚拟机的快照的备份计算机系统和包含在主虚拟机的指令流中发生的非确定性事件的日志文件。 主虚拟机会定期更新快照和日志文件。 在主虚拟机发生故障后，备份计算机可以通过使用存储的快照和日志文件实例化故障转移备份虚拟机。

公开(公告)号：US09130821B2

公开(公告)日：2015-09-08

申请号：US14034171

申请日：2013-09-23

申请人： VMware, Inc.

发明人： Mayank Rawat ,  Jinyuan Li ,  Murali Vilayannur ,  Daniel J. Scales

IPC分类号： H04L12/24 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： H04L41/00 ,  G06F17/30171

摘要： A method of acquiring a lock by a node, on a shared resource in a system of a plurality of interconnected nodes, is disclosed. Each node that competes for a lock on the shared resource maintains a list of locks currently owned by the node. A lock metadata is maintained on a shared storage that is accessible to all nodes that may compete for locks on shared resources. A heartbeat region is maintained on a shared resource corresponding to each node so nodes can register their liveness. A lock state is maintained in the lock metadata in the shared storage. A lock state may indicate lock held exclusively, lock free or lock in managed mode. If the lock is held in the managed mode, the ownership of the lock can be transferred to another node without a use of a mutual exclusion primitive such as the SCSI reservation.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种在多个互连节点的系统中的共享资源上获取节点锁定的方法。 竞争共享资源上的锁的每个节点维护节点当前拥有的锁的列表。 锁定元数据被维护在可以在共享资源上竞争锁定的所有节点可访问的共享存储器上。 心跳区域保持在对应于每个节点的共享资源上，所以节点可以注册其活动。 在共享存储器中的锁元数据中保持锁定状态。 锁定状态可以指示专门锁定，锁定或锁定在托管模式。 如果锁定在托管模式下，则锁的所有权可以传输到另一个节点，而不使用互斥原语，如SCSI保留。

公开(公告)号：US20140115256A1

公开(公告)日：2014-04-24

申请号：US13655237

申请日：2012-10-18

申请人： VMWARE, INC.

发明人： Deng Liu ,  Daniel J. Scales

IPC分类号： G06F12/08

CPC分类号： G06F12/0866 ,  G06F12/0897 ,  G06F12/121 ,  G06F12/123 ,  G06F12/126

摘要： A technique for efficient cache management demotes a unit of data from a higher cache level to a lower cache level in a cache hierarchy when the higher level cache evicts the unit of data. In a virtualization computing environment, eviction of the unit of data may be inferred by observing privileged memory and disk operations performed by a guest operating system and trapped by virtualization software for execution. When the unit of data is inferred to be evicted, the unit of data is demoted by transferring the unit of data into the lower cache level. This technique enables exclusive caching without direct involvement or modification of the guest operating system. In alternative embodiments, a pseudo-driver installed within the guest operating system explicitly tracks memory operations and transmits page eviction information to the lower level cache, which is able to cache evicted pages while maintaining cache exclusivity.

摘要翻译： 当高级缓存驱逐数据单元时，用于高效缓存管理的技术将高速缓存级别的数据单元降级到高速缓存层级中的较低高速缓存级别。 在虚拟化计算环境中，可以通过观察由客户操作系统执行的特权存储器和磁盘操作并被虚拟化软件捕获以执行来推断数据单元的驱逐。 当推断数据单位被驱逐时，通过将数据单元传送到较低的缓存级别来降低数据单位。 这种技术可以独立的缓存，而不需要直接参与或修改客户机操作系统。 在替代实施例中，安装在客户机操作系统内的伪驱动程序显式地跟踪存储器操作，并将页面驱逐信息发送到下级缓存，其能够缓存被驱逐的页面，同时保持高速缓存独占性。

公开(公告)号：US20130198246A1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-01

申请号：US13797335

申请日：2013-03-12

申请人： VMware, Inc.

发明人： Daniel J. Scales ,  Satyam B. Vaghani

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/3007 ,  G06F3/0608 ,  G06F3/0643 ,  G06F3/0676

摘要： A method and system is provided for initializing files such as, for example and without limitation, pre-allocated files or raw device mapping (RDM) files, by delaying initializing file blocks. In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention, file blocks are associated with corresponding indicators to track un-initialized blocks.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法和系统，用于通过延迟初始化文件块来初始化诸如例如但不限于预先分配的文件或原始设备映射（RDM）文件的文件。 根据本发明的一个或多个实施例，文件块与相应的指示符相关联以跟踪未初始化的块。

公开(公告)号：US20230161676A1

公开(公告)日：2023-05-25

申请号：US17992836

申请日：2022-11-22

申请人： VMware, Inc.

发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam ,  Rohit Jain ,  Boris Weissman ,  Daniel J. Scales ,  Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Malyugin ,  Jeffrey W. Sheldon ,  Min Xu

IPC分类号： G06F11/16 ,  G06F11/07 ,  G06F9/455 ,  G06F9/48

CPC分类号： G06F11/1658 ,  G06F11/0766 ,  G06F11/079 ,  G06F11/0712 ,  G06F9/45533 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/4881 ,  G06F2009/45579 ,  G06F2009/45591 ,  G06F2201/805 ,  G06F2201/815 ,  G06F2201/82

摘要： System and method for providing fault tolerance in virtualized computer systems use a first guest and a second guest running on virtualization software to produce outputs, which are produced when a workload is executed on the first and second guests. An output of the second guest is compared with an output of the first guest to determine if there is an output match. If there is no output match, the first guest is paused and a resynchronization of the second guest is executed to restore a checkpointed state of the first guest on the second guest. After the resynchronization of the second guest, the paused first guest is caused to resume operation.

公开(公告)号：US10579485B2

公开(公告)日：2020-03-03

申请号：US15284465

申请日：2016-10-03

申请人： VMware, Inc.

发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam ,  Rohit Jain ,  Boris Weissman ,  Daniel J. Scales ,  Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Malyugin ,  Jeffrey W. Sheldon ,  Min Xu

IPC分类号： G06F11/16 ,  G06F11/07 ,  G06F9/455 ,  G06F9/48

摘要： In a computer system running at least a first virtual machine (VM) and a second VM on virtualization software, a computer implemented method for the second VM to provide quasi-lockstep fault tolerance for the first VM includes executing a workload on the first VM and the second VM that involves producing at least one externally visible output and comparing an externally visible output of the second VM with an externally visible output of the first VM to determine if there is an output match. In response to a determination that the externally visible output of the second VM does not match the externally visible output of the first VM, a resynchronization of the second VM is executed. The externally visible output of the first VM is kept from being output externally until completion of the resynchronization.