公开(公告)号：US09411623B1

公开(公告)日：2016-08-09

申请号：US13849249

申请日：2013-03-22

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Nicholas Michael Ryan ,  Krishna Yadappanavar ,  Prasanna Aithal ,  Sunil Satnur

IPC: G06F9/455

CPC classification number: G06F9/45558 ,  G06F2009/45579

Abstract: A method for coalescing IO requests includes maintaining a queue in a layer of an IO stack of a hypervisor, wherein (i) the queue holds IO requests received from an upper layer of the IO stack without forwarding the IO requests down the IO stack, and (ii) the layer of the IO stack resides above a file system layer of the IO stack. The method further includes receiving, at the layer, an IO request from the upper layer or a notification of a completion of certain IO requests previously transmitted by the layer down the IO stack. The method further includes determining whether any IO requests currently held in the queue should be transmitted down the IO stack based upon a condition; and combining any IO requests in the queue into at least one combined IO request to transmit down the IO stack if the condition is satisfied.

Abstract translation: 用于聚合IO请求的方法包括在管理程序的IO堆栈的层中维护队列，其中（i）队列保持从IO栈的上层接收到的IO请求，而不将IO请求转发到IO堆栈之下，以及 （ii）IO堆栈的层位于IO堆栈的文件系统层之上。 该方法还包括在层上接收来自上层的IO请求或者在先前由层叠在IO堆栈之前传输的某些IO请求的完成的通知。 该方法还包括基于条件确定当前保存在队列中的任何IO请求是否应当被向下传送到IO栈; 并且将队列中的任何IO请求组合成至少一个组合的IO请求以在满足条件的情况下向下传送IO堆栈。

公开(公告)号：US09052937B2

公开(公告)日：2015-06-09

申请号：US13779051

申请日：2013-02-27

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Krishna Yadappanavar ,  Murali Vilayannur ,  Faraz Shaikh

IPC: G06F9/46 ,  G06F9/455 ,  G06F9/50

CPC classification number: G06F9/45533 ,  G06F3/061 ,  G06F3/0659 ,  G06F3/0671 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/50 ,  G06F9/545 ,  G06F2009/45579

Abstract: Input/output operations (IOs) are issued to a storage system using request queues that are each maintained for a resource targeted by the IOs. When an IO is requested, the target resource for the IO is first identified. If a request queue is maintained for the target resource, the IO is added to the request queue and the IO is issued to the storage system as the target resource becomes available. The availability of the target resource may be determined through periodic checks or by monitoring completions of IOs issued out of the request queue.

Abstract translation: 输入/输出操作（IO）将使用针对IO所针对的资源维护的请求队列发给存储系统。 当请求IO时，首先识别IO的目标资源。 如果为目标资源维护请求队列，则IO将被添加到请求队列中，并且当目标资源变为可用时，将IO发送到存储系统。 目标资源的可用性可以通过定期检查或通过监视从请求队列中发出的IO的完成来确定。

公开(公告)号：US08954665B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-10

申请号：US13894102

申请日：2013-05-14

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Christian Czezatke ,  Krishna Yadappanavar ,  Andrew Tucker

IPC: G06F12/00 ,  G06F3/06 ,  G06F11/14 ,  G06F12/10 ,  G06F12/12 ,  G06F9/455

CPC classification number: G06F3/0653 ,  G06F3/065 ,  G06F9/45533 ,  G06F11/1451 ,  G06F11/1458 ,  G06F11/1482 ,  G06F11/1484 ,  G06F12/10 ,  G06F12/122 ,  G06F2201/815

Abstract: Systems and methods for tracking changes and performing backups to a storage device are provided. For virtual disks of a virtual machine, changes are tracked from outside the virtual machine in the kernel of a virtualization layer. The changes can be tracked in a lightweight fashion with a bitmap, with a finer granularity stored and tracked at intermittent intervals in persistent storage. Multiple backup applications can be allowed to accurately and efficiently backup a storage device. Each backup application can determine which block of the storage device has been updated since the last backup of a respective application. This change log is efficiently stored as a counter value for each block, where the counter is incremented when a backup is performed. The change log can be maintained with little impact on I/O by using a coarse bitmap to update the finer grained change log.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于跟踪更改并执行备份到存储设备的系统和方法。 对于虚拟机的虚拟磁盘，虚拟机内核中的虚拟机外部会跟踪更改。 可以使用位图以轻量级的方式跟踪更改，并在持久存储器中以间歇间隔存储和跟踪更精细的粒度。 可以允许多个备份应用程序准确高效地备份存储设备。 每个备份应用程序可以确定自相应应用程序的上次备份以来存储设备的哪个块已被更新。 该更改日志被有效地存储为每个块的计数器值，其中当执行备份时计数器递增。 可以通过使用粗略位图更新更细粒度的更改日志来维护更改日志对I / O的影响很小。

公开(公告)号：US09747298B2

公开(公告)日：2017-08-29

申请号：US14268698

申请日：2014-05-02

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Sambasiva Rao Bandarupalli ,  Krishna Yadappanavar ,  Anjaneya Prasad Gondi ,  Kiran Kumar Thota

IPC: G06F17/30 ,  G06F12/02

CPC classification number: G06F17/30185 ,  G06F12/0269 ,  G06F17/30138 ,  G06F17/30144 ,  G06F17/3051 ,  G06F17/30864 ,  G06F2212/702

Abstract: Exemplary methods, apparatuses, and systems receive a command to overwrite or delete data stored within an allocated portion of a file system. In response to the command, an entry is added to a first data structure. A write command is received. The portion of the file system added to the first data structure is formatted for reallocation. In performance of the write command, the portion of the file system is reallocated. Portions of the file system are allocated from a second data structure when the second data structure includes a sufficient amount of space to satisfy the write command and from the first data structure when the second data structure does not include a sufficient amount of space. The second data structure includes free portions of the file system that have been formatted for allocation. The first data structure includes free portions that have yet to be formatted.

公开(公告)号：US20150317326A1

公开(公告)日：2015-11-05

申请号：US14268698

申请日：2014-05-02

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Sambasiva Rao Bandarupalli ,  Krishna Yadappanavar ,  Anjaneya Prasad Gondi ,  Kiran Kumar Thota

IPC: G06F17/30 ,  G06F12/02

CPC classification number: G06F17/30185 ,  G06F12/0269 ,  G06F17/30138 ,  G06F17/30144 ,  G06F17/3051 ,  G06F17/30864 ,  G06F2212/702

Abstract: Exemplary methods, apparatuses, and systems receive a command to overwrite or delete data stored within an allocated portion of a file system. In response to the command, an entry is added to a first data structure. A write command is received. The portion of the file system added to the first data structure is formatted for reallocation. In performance of the write command, the portion of the file system is reallocated. Portions of the file system are allocated from a second data structure when the second data structure includes a sufficient amount of space to satisfy the write command and from the first data structure when the second data structure does not include a sufficient amount of space. The second data structure includes free portions of the file system that have been formatted for allocation. The first data structure includes free portions that have yet to be formatted.

Abstract translation: 示例性方法，装置和系统接收到覆盖或删除存储在文件系统的分配部分内的数据的命令。 响应于该命令，将条目添加到第一数据结构。 接收到写命令。 添加到第一个数据结构的文件系统的部分被格式化为重新分配。 在执行write命令时，文件系统的一部分被重新分配。 当第二数据结构包括足够的空间以满足写命令时，以及当第二数据结构不包括足够的空间时，从第二数据结构分配文件系统的部分。 第二数据结构包括文件系统的已分配格式的空闲部分。 第一个数据结构包括尚未格式化的空闲部分。

公开(公告)号：US09116726B2

公开(公告)日：2015-08-25

申请号：US13630099

申请日：2012-09-28

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Faraz Shaikh ,  Krishna Yadappanavar ,  Murali Vilayannur

IPC: G06F9/455 ,  G06F12/02

CPC classification number: G06F9/455 ,  G06F9/45533 ,  G06F12/02 ,  G06F17/30233 ,  G06F2201/815 ,  G06F2201/84

Abstract: A virtualized computer system employs a virtual disk. Multiple snapshots of the virtual disk can be created. After a snapshot is created, writes to the virtual disk are captured in delta disks. Two snapshots are consolidated by updating block references in snapshot meta data. Block reference update takes advantage of the fact that blocks for the two snapshot are managed within the same storage container and, therefore, can be moved in the snapshot logical space without incurring data copy operations. Consolidation of delta disks also gracefully handles failures during the consolidation operation and can be restarted anew after the system has recovered from failure.

Abstract translation: 虚拟化计算机系统采用虚拟磁盘。 可以创建虚拟磁盘的多个快照。 创建快照后，对增量磁盘捕获到虚拟磁盘的写入。 通过更新快照元数据中的块引用来合并两个快照。 块参考更新利用了两个快照的块在相同的存储容器内进行管理，因此可以在快照逻辑空间中移动，而不会导致数据复制操作。 增量磁盘的合并也可以适当地处理整合操作中的故障，并且可以在系统从故障恢复之后重新启动。

公开(公告)号：US09038066B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-19

申请号：US13631418

申请日：2012-09-28

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Krishna Yadappanavar ,  Faraz Shaikh ,  Murali Vilayannur

IPC: G06F9/455 ,  G06F3/06

CPC classification number: G06F3/0611 ,  G06F3/0667 ,  G06F3/067 ,  G06F3/0689

Abstract: A virtualized computer system employs a virtual disk with a space efficient (SE) format to store data for virtual machines running therein. Data within a virtual disk with a SE format is stored in a grain, where multiple grains are included in a storage block. Writes to a grain within shared storage block in a virtual disk with an SE format are serviced by allocating a new grain and storing the write data to the new grain. Metadata associated with the client that transmitted the write request to the virtual disk is then updated to point to the new grain instead of the grain within the shared storage block.

Abstract translation: 虚拟化计算机系统采用具有空间效率（SE）格式的虚拟磁盘来存储在其中运行的虚拟机的数据。 具有SE格式的虚拟磁盘内的数据被存储在存储块中包含多个粒子的粒子中。 通过分配新的颗粒并将写入数据存储到新的颗粒，可以对具有SE格式的虚拟磁盘中的共享存储块内的纹理进行写入。 然后，将与客户端相关联的发送写入请求的元数据更新为指向新的粒度，而不是共享存储块中的粒度。

公开(公告)号：US20130254479A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-26

申请号：US13894102

申请日：2013-05-14

Applicant: VMware, Inc.

Inventor： Christian Czezatke ,  Krishna Yadappanavar ,  Andrew Tucker

IPC: G06F3/06 ,  G06F12/12 ,  G06F12/10

CPC classification number: G06F3/0653 ,  G06F3/065 ,  G06F9/45533 ,  G06F11/1451 ,  G06F11/1458 ,  G06F11/1482 ,  G06F11/1484 ,  G06F12/10 ,  G06F12/122 ,  G06F2201/815

Abstract: Systems and methods for tracking changes and performing backups to a storage device are provided. For virtual disks of a virtual machine, changes are tracked from outside the virtual machine in the kernel of a virtualization layer. The changes can be tracked in a lightweight fashion with a bitmap, with a finer granularity stored and tracked at intermittent intervals in persistent storage. Multiple backup applications can be allowed to accurately and efficiently backup a storage device. Each backup application can determine which block of the storage device has been updated since the last backup of a respective application. This change log is efficiently stored as a counter value for each block, where the counter is incremented when a backup is performed. The change log can be maintained with little impact on I/O by using a coarse bitmap to update the finer grained change log.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于跟踪更改并执行备份到存储设备的系统和方法。 对于虚拟机的虚拟磁盘，虚拟机内核中的虚拟机外部会跟踪更改。 可以使用位图以轻量级的方式跟踪更改，并在持久存储器中以间歇间隔存储和跟踪更精细的粒度。 可以允许多个备份应用程序准确高效地备份存储设备。 每个备份应用程序可以确定自相应应用程序的上次备份以来存储设备的哪个块已被更新。 该更改日志被有效地存储为每个块的计数器值，其中当执行备份时计数器递增。 可以通过使用粗略位图更新更细粒度的更改日志来维护更改日志对I / O的影响很小。