摘要:
A process for the production of pourable and free flowing granules of materials or mixtures thereof which are suitable for use as wetting agents, detergents or cleaning products wherein an aqueous solution or suspension of the wetting agents, detergents or cleaning products is dried using a hot gas stream of superheated steam. Drying is terminated before the granules are damaged by heat, and the hot gas stream is freed from entrained particles of the materials by means of filters.
摘要:
The invention relates to an optimized process for conditioning a stream of superheated steam laden with steam-volatile organic components by condensation of the steam phase with recovery of the heat of condensation and at least partial separation of the steam-volatile organic components from the water-based condensate. The process operates with a first heat exchange stage in which the continuously introduced vapor stream is combined with a circulated and cooled liquid stream of condensed vapors. In a following second energy transfer stage, heat is indirectly removed from the liquid stream thus heated. A sidestream is removed from the liquid circuit of the condensed vapors and subjected to separation in a membrane process while the rest of the liquid stream is returned to the first stage. The invention also relates to the use of this working principle for industrial applications, more particularly for the separation of organic mixtures by superheated steam and/or the drying of water-based useful-material preparations with superheated steam as the drying gas.
摘要:
The invention relates to a solid material (primary drying product) containing alkali metal silicate with a modulus (molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 to M.sub.2 O, M=alkali metal) of 0.8 to 4 in homogeneous admixture with other inorganic and/or organic useful materials and/or auxiliaries, which has been dried from a finely sprayed aqueous preparation of mixtures of the alkali metal silicates and the inorganic and/or organic useful materials and/or auxiliaries by means of a hot gas stream. The solid material according to the invention is characterized in that, as a primary drying product in homogeneous admixture with the alkali metal silicate, it contains at least 10% by weight of water-soluble inorganic and/or organic salts, has apparent densities of at least 150 g/l, possesses a microporous absorbent internal structure and has been dried with superheated steam as the hot gas stream. The invention also relates in particular to detergent builder systems based on multicomponent systems containing this overdried alkali metal silicate and to their use for subsequent impregnation with other free-flowing useful materials and mixtures thereof from the field of detergents and to the detergents obtained.
摘要:
A process for drying water-containing materials in a closed-circuit system using a vertical drying tower having inlets located at a lower portion of the tower, the inlets circulating superheated steam in countercurrent to the water-containing materials descending through the vertical drying tower thereby drying the water-containing materials, the improvement being:(a) providing an auxiliary fluid having a temperature below that of the superheated steam entering into the vertical drying tower;(b) providing a double jacket having a permeable inner wall wherein the double jacket surrounds the lower portion of the vertical drying tower below the inlets; and(c) introducing the auxiliary fluid through the permeable inner wall of the double jacket and into the vertical drying tower in a tangential or radial direction relative to the permeable inner wall.
摘要:
A process for the production of pourable, free-flowing granules which are suitable for use as wetting agents, detergents or cleaning products from aqueous solutions or suspensions of such materials in a fluidized-bed spray granulation apparatus employing a hot fluidizing gas. The aqueous selections or suspensions are dried with superheated steam as the fluidizing and drying gas wherein the drying step is carried out in a closed-loop system comprising a steam circuit from which the water evaporated from the aqueous solutions or suspensions of starting materials is removed as a partial stream and the thermal energy released is returned to the steam circuit. The granules are discharged from the granulation apparatus before they can be damaged by heat.
摘要:
Detergent portions containing at least one detersive formulation wholly or partly contained in a dimensionally stable hollow body having an enclosure that wholly or partly surrounds the detersive formulation, the enclosure being formed of an uncompressed material that can disintegrate under laundering, cleaning, or washing conditions and that gives the hollow body dimensional stability, and optionally, the dimensionally stable hollow body having one or more means forming one or more compartments therein.
摘要:
A process for producing a detergent portion, comprising the steps of forming one or more dimensionally stable hollow bodies comprising at least one compartment by injection moulding, providing one or more means for compartmentalizing the dimensionally stable hollow bodies, filling the compartment with at least one detersive formulation, and closing the compartment to form a partial or whole enclosure around the detersive formulation.
摘要:
A process for producing a detergent portion, comprising the steps of forming one or more dimensionally stable hollow bodies comprising at least one compartment by injection moulding, providing one or more means for compartmentalizing the dimensionally stable hollow bodies, filling the compartment with at least one detersive formulation, and closing the compartment to form a partial or whole enclosure around the detersive formulation.
摘要:
A portioned detergent composition in a bag of water-soluble film in which at least 70% by weight of the particles of the detergent composition have particle sizes above 800 .mu.m. The choice of this particular particle size range eliminates otherwise typical production-related problems arising out of the permeability of the bag seams and resulting difficulties.
摘要:
A process for making detergent granules having a bulk density of 300 to 700 g/l. A solid carrier containing neutralizing agent is mixed in a rotating mixer with a liquid binding agent containing surfactant acid to forma partially granulated premixture. The premixture is fluidized, sprayed with additional binder, and granulated in a fluidized bed reactor to form the detergent granules.