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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4339573A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-13
申请号：US165868
申请日：1980-07-07
IPC分类号： C08B11/02 , C08B1/08 , C08B1/06 , C08B11/193
CPC分类号： C08B1/08
摘要： This invention relates to an improved process for preparing cellulose derivatives by alkalizing cellulose to form alkali cellulose, alkylating the alkali cellulose to form alkylated alkali cellulose, and recovering the alkylated alkali cellulose. According to the process of the invention, finely-divided, preferably powdered, cellulose is reacted with an aqueous-alcoholic alkali metal hydroxide solution at a temperature of from about 20.degree. to 120.degree. C., to form alkali cellulose, oxygen is removed, and the water content is reduced to from about 2.5 to 6.0 moles per anhydroglucose unit, prior to alkylization.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过碱化纤维素来形成碱纤维素，烷基化碱性纤维素以形成烷基化碱纤维素并回收烷基化碱纤维素来制备纤维素衍生物的改进方法。 根据本发明的方法，将微细的，优选粉末状的纤维素与约20-120℃的水性醇碱金属氢氧化物溶液反应，形成碱性纤维素，除去氧气， 并且在烷基化之前将水含量降低至约2.5至6.0摩尔/脱水葡萄糖单元。
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公开(公告)号：US4339574A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-13
申请号：US165869
申请日：1980-07-07
IPC分类号： C08B11/02 , C08B11/193 , C08B17/06 , C08B11/08
CPC分类号： C08B17/06 , C08B11/02 , C08B11/193
摘要： This invention is directed to a method for the continuous production of alkyl cellulose by reacting alkali cellulose with alkylating agents in the presence of inert liquids, wherein:(a) powdered cellulose is reacted with aqueous-alcoholic alkali metal hydroxide solution at temperatures of from about 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. to form alkali cellulose;(b) oxygen is completely removed from the alkali cellulose reaction mixture of step (a) and the water content is reduced to about 2.5 to 6.0 moles per anhydroglucose unit; and(c) the reaction mixture from step (b) is reacted with at least a stoichiometric amount, but not more than with a molar excess of up to about 50%, based on the alkali metal hydroxide, of an alkylating agent in an inert liquid boiling at a temperature of from about 80.degree. to 160.degree. C., the reaction being carried out continuously in stirred tanks-in-series with 2 to 10 units.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种在惰性液体存在下使碱纤维素与烷基化剂反应连续生产烷基纤维素的方法，其中：（a）粉末状纤维素与含水醇碱金属氢氧化物溶液在约 20〜80℃，形成碱纤维素; （b）从步骤（a）的碱纤维素反应混合物中完全除去氧气，并且每个脱水葡萄糖单元的含水量降低至约2.5至6.0摩尔; 和（c）来自步骤（b）的反应混合物与基于碱金属氢氧化物的烷基化剂在惰性物质中的至少化学计量量但不超过摩尔过量至多约50％ 液体在约80℃至160℃的温度下沸腾，反应在2至10单位的串联搅拌釜中连续进行。
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公开(公告)号：US4341892A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-27
申请号：US243502
申请日：1981-03-13
申请人： Norbert Kuhne , Hasso Leischner , Wilfried Rahse , Willi Wust
发明人： Norbert Kuhne , Hasso Leischner , Wilfried Rahse , Willi Wust
IPC分类号： C08B1/08
CPC分类号： C08B1/08
摘要： This invention is directed to the preparation of alkali cellulose. More particularly, this invention is directed to a process for the preparation of alkali cellulose having a low water content, wherein finely divided cellulose suspended in a typical inert organic solvent is presteeped and the cellulose suspension is contacted with an alkali metal hydroxide/alcohol mixture and at least one aqueous alkalization solution of different concentration.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及碱纤维素的制备。 更具体地说，本发明涉及一种制备水含量低的碱纤维素的方法，其中悬浮在典型的惰性有机溶剂中的细碎纤维是预先悬浮的，纤维素悬浮液与碱金属氢氧化物/醇混合物接触， 至少一种不同浓度的碱性水溶液。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4415124A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-15
申请号：US309379
申请日：1981-10-07
申请人： Franz-Josef Carduck , Wilfried Rahse , Willi Wust , Hans Pabel
发明人： Franz-Josef Carduck , Wilfried Rahse , Willi Wust , Hans Pabel
CPC分类号： C08J3/12 , C08J2301/00
摘要： A method for the production of micropowders from cellulose ethers or cellulose comprising(a) subjecting a cellulose ether or a cellulose having a fine-fiber, cottony or woolly structure to a consolidation or embrittlement sufficient whereby in one mill pass through a jet mill under standard conditions 98% by weight of the consolidated or embrittled material charged is recovered as a powder of less than 100.mu., and(b) subjecting the consolidated or embrittled material to a grinding step producing a size reduction sufficient that a grain size distribution with at least 90% by weight of less than 125.mu. is attained.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从纤维素醚或纤维素生产微粉的方法，包括（a）使具有细纤维，棉或羊毛结构的纤维素醚或纤维素具有足够的固化或脆化，从而在一个轧机中通过标准的喷射磨 作为小于100微米的粉末回收98重量％的固化或脆化的材料，（b）使固化或脆化的材料经受磨碎步骤，产生足以使至少具有至少 90％（重量）小于125微米。
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公开(公告)号：US4267158A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US127382
申请日：1980-03-05
CPC分类号： C01B39/02 , B01F7/041 , B01J19/1862 , C01B33/26 , C01B33/2823 , B01J2219/00094
摘要： A process for the continuous production of an aqueous, alkaline suspension of x-ray amorphous sodium aluminosilicate having a small particle size of at least 99% by volume of a particle size of less than 50.mu., suitable for conversion into zeolite sodium aluminosilicate of the smallest particle sizes, by mixing an aqueous sodium aluminate solution with an aqueous sodium slicate solution in the presence of excess sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature in the range of from 20.degree. to 103.degree. C., where the solutions being mixed have a mathematical total molar ratio of:1.5 to 9 Na.sub.2 O:1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :1 to 7 SiO.sub.2 :40 to 400 H.sub.2 O consisting essentially of the steps of continuously passing one of said two aqueous solutions into the first zone of a progressively, separately zoned mixing area, continuously splitting the other aqueous solution into at least three partial streams, continuously passing the first of said partial streams into said first zone, continuously passing the mixed contents of said first zone into the second zone of a progressively, separately zoned mixing area, continuously passing the remainder of said partial streams separately into downstream zones of said progressively, separately zoned mixing area, where said mean holding time of the reaction mixture in each of said separately zoned mixing areas is at least 5 seconds and sufficient to effect substantial mixing of said contents.
摘要翻译： 一种连续生产x射线无定形硅铝酸钠的水性，碱性悬浮液的方法，其具有至少99体积％的小于50微米的粒度的小粒径，适用于转化为沸石的硅铝酸钠 通过在过量的氢氧化钠溶液存在下，在20至103℃的温度范围内混合铝酸钠水溶液与钠水溶液水溶液混合，其中混合的溶液具有数学总和 摩尔比为：1.5至9 Na 2 O：1 Al 2 O 3：1至7SiO 2：40至400H 2 H 2 H组成，其基本上包括以下步骤：将所述两种水溶液中的一种连续通入逐渐分开的分区混合区域的第一区域， 所述另一水溶液进入至少三个部分流，将所述第一部分流连续地通入所述第一区，连续地将所述混合内容物 第一区域进入逐渐分开的分区混合区域的第二区域，将剩余的所述部分流分别连续地通过所述逐渐分开的分区混合区域的下游区域，其中反应混合物在每个所述分开的区域中的平均保持时间 分区混合区域至少为5秒，足以使所述内容物充分混合。
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公开(公告)号：US4175050A
公开(公告)日：1979-11-20
申请号：US842802
申请日：1977-10-17
CPC分类号： C11D13/18
摘要： A shaped washing agent based on colored soaps and/or synthetic detergents comprising a plurality of individual colored particles of soap and/or synthetic detergent having a size range of 1 to 20 millimeters, so distributed that they adjoin one another with sharply defined boundries, said boundries being substantially free of occluded gas, to give at least a mosaic-like appearance to at least part of the surface of said shaped washing agent; and the process of producing said shaped washing agent by compressing the individual particles in the substantial absence of gas between said particles.
摘要翻译： 一种基于彩色皂和/或合成洗涤剂的成形洗涤剂，其包含多个单独的着色的皂和/或大小范围为1至20毫米的皂和/或合成洗涤剂的颗粒，因此分布成使得它们以明确限定的界限彼此邻接，所述 边界基本上不含闭塞气体，至少对所述成形洗涤剂的至少部分表面产生镶嵌状外观; 以及通过在所述颗粒之间基本上不存在气体压缩各个颗粒来生产所述成形洗涤剂的方法。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4371510A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-01
申请号：US192483
申请日：1980-09-30
CPC分类号： C01B39/02 , C01B33/2823 , Y10S423/24
摘要： In a process for the production of an aqueous alkaline suspension of low-grit, crystallized zeolitic sodium aluminosilicate of the smallest particle size having the composition0.9 to 1.1 Na.sub.2 O. 1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 . 1.8 to 2.5 SiO.sub.2with a water content depending on the degree of drying, which contains at least 99.8% by weight of a particle size of less than 25 .mu.m and has a high cation exchange capability, comprising crystallization of an aqueous alkaline suspension of an x-ray-amorphous sodium aluminosilicate, said suspension having a composition corresponding of the molar ratios of 1.5 to 5 Na.sub.2 O:1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :1 to 4 SiO.sub.2 :40 to 400 H.sub.2 O, at elevated temperatures and recovering crystallized zeolitic sodium aluminosilicate, the improvement consisting of feeding the suspension of the x-ray-amorphous sodium aluminosilicate continuously into a crystallizing reactor having progressively, separately zoned mixing areas with a stage-like effect and having at least 20 stages, wherein the suspension flows first through at least 8 stages in the intake part of the reactor, which intake part of the reactor may comprise up to one third of the total reactor volume, maintaining said suspension in the reactor at a preselected temperature in the range of from 80.degree. to 100.degree. C. until the degree of crystallization of the zeolitic sodium aluminosilicate, determined by x-ray, has reached at least 80% of the theoretically possible crystallinity. and continuously removing the suspension from the end opposite of the intake end of the reactor.
摘要翻译： 在生产具有0.9-1.1Na 2 O组成的最小粒度的低粒度结晶沸石硅铝酸钠的水性碱性悬浮液的方法中。 1 Al2O3。 1.8至2.5的SiO 2，其水含量取决于干燥程度，其含有至少99.8重量％的粒度小于25μm并具有高阳离子交换能力，包括将碱性悬浮液 x射线无定形硅铝酸钠，所述悬浮液在升高的温度下具有对应于1.5至5Na 2 O：1 Al 2 O 3：1至4SiO 2：40至400H 2 O的摩尔比的组成并回收结晶沸石硅铝酸钠，其改进包括 将X射线无定形硅铝酸钠的悬浮液连续地进料到具有阶段状作用并且具有至少20个阶段的逐渐分开分区的混合区域的结晶反应器中，其中悬浮液首先流过至少8个阶段 反应器的进料部分，反应器的进料部分可以占总反应器体积的三分之一，将反应器中的所述悬浮液保持在预设 在80℃至100℃的温度范围内，直到通过X射线测定的沸石硅铝酸钠的结晶度达到理论上可能的结晶度的至少80％。 并且从与反应器的进气端相对的端部连续地移除悬架。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4591491A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-27
申请号：US628969
申请日：1984-07-11
申请人： Peter Christophliemk , Willi Wust
发明人： Peter Christophliemk , Willi Wust
CPC分类号： B01J19/1862 , C01B33/283 , B01J2219/00123 , B01J2219/00132 , Y10S423/24
摘要： In a process for the conversion of meta-kaolin into an aqueous alkaline suspension of low-grit, water-containing zeolitic sodium aluminosilicate of the smallest particle size having the molar composition:0.9 to 1.1 Na.sub.2 O: 1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 1.8 to 2.3 SiO.sub.2with a water content depending on the degree of drying, which contains at least 99.8% by weight of a particle size of less than 25.mu. and has a high cation exchange capability, the improvement consisting of:slowly heating a suspension of reactants to a zeolitization temperature in the range of from 70.degree. to 100.degree. C., with a temperature rise averaging 20.degree. C. within a period of from two to ten minutes,feeding the suspension, preferably before said slow heating, continuously into a reactor having progressively, separately zoned mixing areas with a stage-like effect and having at least seven stages while mixing said suspension sufficiently in the respective stages to avoid sedimentation,maintaining said suspension in the reactor at a preselected temperature in the range of from 70.degree. to 100.degree. C. until the degree of crystallization of the zeolitic sodium aluminosilicate, determined by X-ray, has reached at least 80% of the theoretically possibility crystallinity, andcontinuously removing an aqueous, alkaline suspension of zeolitic sodium aluminosilicate from the end opposite of the intake end of the reactor.The suspension traverses the reactor at a rate in the range of 1 to 3 cubic meters of suspension per cubic meter of reactor volume and per hour. Reactors preferred for the reaction are an agitator vessel cascade with at least seven vessels, an agitator column with at least seven chambers, and a flowing tube reactor which has a ratio of tube length to tube diameter in the range of 3,000 to 7,000.
摘要翻译： 在将高岭土转化为具有摩尔组成为0.9至1.1Na 2 O：1 Al 2 O 3：1.8至2.3SiO 2的具有最小粒度的低浓度含水沸石硅铝酸钠的水性碱性悬浮液的方法中， 水含量取决于干燥程度，其含有至少99.8重量％的粒度小于25微米并且具有高阳离子交换能力，其改进包括：将反应物的悬浮液缓慢加热至沸点温度 在70℃至100℃的范围内，在两到十分钟的时间内平均温度升高20℃，优选在所述缓慢加热之前将悬浮液连续进入逐个地分开的反应器中 混合具有阶段效应的区域并且具有至少七个阶段，同时在各个阶段充分混合所述悬浮液以避免沉降，将所述悬浮液保持在反应器中 选择的温度范围为70〜100℃，直到通过X射线测定的沸石硅铝酸钠的结晶度达到理论上可能性结晶度的至少80％，并连续除去水性碱 沸石铝硅酸钠从反应器入口端相反的一端的悬浮液。 悬浮液以每立方米反应器体积和每小时1至3立方米悬浮液的速率穿过反应器。 对于反应优选的反应器是具有至少七个容器的搅拌器容器，具有至少七个室的搅拌器柱和具有3000至7000的管长与管直径之比的流管反应器。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4278649A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-14
申请号：US127383
申请日：1980-03-05
申请人： Peter Christophliemk , Willi Wust
发明人： Peter Christophliemk , Willi Wust
CPC分类号： C01B39/02 , C01B33/26 , C01B33/2823
摘要： A process for the continuous production of an aqueous, alkaline suspension of x-ray amorphous sodium aluminosilicate having a small particle size of at least 99% by volume of a particle size of less than 50.mu., suitable for conversion into zeolite sodium aluminosilicate of the smallest particle sizes, by mixing an aqueous sodium aluminate solution with an aqueous sodium silicate solution in the presence of excess sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature in the range of from 20.degree. to 103.degree. C., where the solutions being mixed have a mathematical total molar ratio of:1.5 to 9 Na.sub.2 O : 1 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 1 to 7 SiO.sub.2 : 40 to 400 H.sub.2 Oconsisting essentially of the steps of continuously passing one of said two aqueous solutions into the entrance of an elongated substantially circular cross-sectional reaction zone having a ratio of length to diameter of more than 500, continuously splitting the other aqueous solution into at least three partial streams, continuously passing the first of said partial streams into said entrance, continuously passing the mixed contents through said elongated reaction zone divided into a first zone where the mean holding time is from 5 to 60 seconds into a second zone of said elongated reaction zone, continuously passing the remainder of said partial streams separately into downstream zones of said elongated reaction zone, where said mean holding time of the reaction mixture in each of said separate zones of said elongated reaction zone is at least 5 seconds and sufficient to effect substantial mixing of said contents, the mean holding time in the entirety of said elongated substantially circular cross-section reaction zone being at least 3 minutes.
摘要翻译： 一种连续生产x射线无定形硅铝酸钠的水性，碱性悬浮液的方法，其具有至少99体积％的小于50微米的粒度的小粒径，适用于转化为沸石的硅铝酸钠 通过在过量氢氧化钠溶液存在下，在20至103℃的温度范围内混合铝酸钠水溶液与硅酸钠水溶液，其中混合的溶液具有数学总和 摩尔比为：1.5至9 Na 2 O：1 Al 2 O 3：1至7 SiO 2：40至400H 2 H 2 H组成，其基本上包括以下步骤：将所述两种水溶液中的一种连续通过细长的基本上圆形的横截面反应区的入口， 长度与直径的比例大于500，连续地将另一个水溶液分裂成至少三个部分流，连续地通过第一个所述分裂 l流入所述入口，连续地将混合的内容物通过所述细长反应区域分成第一区域，其中平均保持时间为5至60秒，进入所述细长反应区域的第二区域，连续地将剩余的所述部分流 分开地进入所述细长反应区的下游区，其中所述细长反应区的每个所述分离区中的反应混合物的平均保持时间为至少5秒，并足以使所述内容物实质混合，将平均保持时间 所述细长的基本圆形的横截面反应区的整体为至少3分钟。
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公开(公告)号：US4545969A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-08
申请号：US528293
申请日：1983-08-31
CPC分类号： C01B39/02 , B01D33/04 , B01D35/20 , Y10S423/24
摘要： In the treatment of a zeolite suspension to separate solids from the mother and/or washing liquor, a vibrator is used in the suction drying zone of a vacuum filter in order to partially liquefy the filter cake material through the introduction of shear forces into the solidified filter cake, so that further separation of the pure liquid phase can take place in the suction drying zone of the vacuum filter.
摘要翻译： 在处理沸石悬浮液以从母体和/或洗涤液中分离固体的同时，在真空过滤器的吸入干燥区域中使用振动器，以便通过将剪切力引入凝固的部分来使部分液化滤饼材料 滤饼，使得纯液相的进一步分离可以在真空过滤器的吸入干燥区域中进行。
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