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公开(公告)号：US5554741A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-10
申请号：US295757
申请日：1994-09-01
CPC分类号： C07H15/04
摘要： The aliphatic primary alcohols are reacted with a glycose, more especially glucose, in the presence of an acidic catalyst in certain process steps so that particularly light-colored and alkali-stable alkyl glucosides are obtained after a subsequent, compulsory bleaching step, which represents an improvement over known direct synthesis processes. The process may be carried out both on a laboratory scale and also on an industrial production scale.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 00444 Sec。 371日期：1994年9月1日 102（e）1994年9月1日PCT PCT 1993年2月26日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 18046 日期1993年9月16日脂肪族伯醇在一定的工艺步骤中，在酸性催化剂的存在下，与糖，更特别是葡萄糖反应，使得在随后强制漂白后，可获得特别的浅色和碱稳定的烷基葡糖苷 这代表了对已知直接合成方法的改进。 该过程可以在实验室规模上进行，也可以在工业生产规模上进行。
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公开(公告)号：US5283024A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-01
申请号：US659332
申请日：1991-12-09
IPC分类号： C01B15/12
CPC分类号： C01B15/126 , C01B15/123
摘要： A method for the production of granular sodium perborate tetrahydrate is disclosed herein. The method includes the steps of adding 0.3-5% by weight of a sodium salt or a potassium salt of a polymeric carboxylic acid to powdered perborate tetrahydrate, softening the mixture by heating under pressure to form a plastically deformable mass, deforming the plastically deformable mass into thin strands by pressing, and comminuting the strands into granular form. The perborate tetrahydrate may be de-watered to produce granular perborate monohydrate. The final granular products exhibit high abrasion resistance and are preferably used in washing and cleaning agents.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP89 / 01015 Sec。 371 1991年12月9日第 102（e）日期1991年12月9日PCT PCT 1989年8月30日PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 02703 1990年3月22日的日期。本文公开了一种生产颗粒状过硼酸钠四水合物的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：将0.3-5重量％的聚合羧酸的钠盐或钾盐加入粉末状过硼酸盐四水合物中，在压力下加热软化混合物以形成可塑性变形的质量，使可塑性变形的质量变形 通过压制成细股，并将股线粉碎成粒状。 过硼酸盐四水合物可以脱水以产生颗粒状过硼酸盐一水合物。 最终的颗粒状产品具有高耐磨性，优选用于洗涤和清洁剂。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5158730A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-27
申请号：US663824
申请日：1991-05-20
CPC分类号： B01J2/20 , Y10S425/23
摘要： This invention relates to an extruder having a granulating head for the granulation of a plastic molding compound which does not flow under gravity, more particularly an enzyme concentrate suitable for detergents, to granules having a particle size of at most 1 mm and, more particularly, at most 0.8 mm. To obtain uniform distribution of the molding compound to be processed over the entire cross-section of the molding plate, the granulating head has an externally arranged die plate support carrying perforated disks, a displacement cone arranged behind the die plate support and a preliminary distributor in the form of a perforated plate arranged between the die plate support and the displacement cone. In addition, the die plate support has bore-like passages each with a perforated disk which is arranged at the front end thereof and of which the bores have a rear zone of relatively large cross-section and a front zone of relatively small cross-section, the transitional zone between the rear zone and the front zone being inclined at an angle of 55.degree. to 65.degree. C. relative to the horizontal.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP89 / 01062 Sec。 371日期1991年5月20日 102（e）日期1991年5月20日PCT提交1989年9月12日PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 03217 日本专利公开于1990年4月5日。本发明涉及一种挤出机，其具有造粒头，用于造粒塑料模塑料，其不会在重力作用下流动，特别是适用于洗涤剂的酶浓缩物，其粒度至多为 更特别地，至多0.8mm。 为了在成型板的整个横截面上获得待加工的模塑料的均匀分布，造粒头具有外部布置的模板支撑件，承载多孔盘，位于模板支撑件后面的位移锥体和初步分配器 布置在模板支撑件和位移锥体之间的多孔板的形式。 此外，模板支撑件具有孔状通道，每个孔具有布置在其前端的穿孔盘，并且其中孔具有相对较大横截面的后区，并且具有相对小的横截面的前区 后区与前区之间的过渡区相对于水平面倾斜55度至65度。
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4.发明授权Process for the sulfonation and/or sulfatization of organic components with SO.sub.3 in an organic reaction medium 失效在有机反应介质中用SO 3磺化和/或硫酸化有机组分的方法
公开(公告)号：US4973686A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-27
申请号：US240789
申请日：1988-09-02
IPC分类号： C07B31/00 , C07B45/02 , C07C67/00 , C07C301/00 , C07C303/00 , C07C303/06 , C07C303/24 , C07C303/42 , C07C305/06 , C07C305/10 , C07C309/30 , C07H15/00 , C07H15/04 , C11C3/00
CPC分类号： C07B45/02 , C07C303/06 , C07C303/24
摘要： The invention relates to the use of selected carboxylic acid esters which are liquid under reaction conditions and correspond to general formula (I)X--COOR.sup.1 (I)in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical unbranched in the .alpha.-position and X is hydrogen or a group corresponding to general formula (II) ##STR1## in which R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent fluorine and/or chlorine and one of these substituents may also be hydrogen or one or two of these substituents may also be lower alkyl, as reaction medium for the sulfonation and/or sulfatization or organic components with SO.sub.3 to light-colored reaction products.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在反应条件下液体并且对应于通式（I）X-COOR1（I）的选择的羧酸酯的用途，其中R 1是在α-位上未分支的烷基，X是氢或 对应于通式（II）的化合物（II）其中R 2，R 3和R 4表示氟和/或氯，并且这些取代基之一也可以是氢或这些取代基中的一个或两个也可以是低级烷基，如 用于磺化和/或硫酸化的反应介质或具有SO 3的有机组分与浅色反应产物。
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公开(公告)号：US4954664A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-04
申请号：US470428
申请日：1990-01-25
IPC分类号： C07C29/149 , C11C3/12
CPC分类号： C07C29/149 , C07C29/177 , C11C3/126
摘要： A process for the catalytic hydrogenation of butterfat where non-deacidified butterfat is continuously reacted with hydrogen under pressures of from 20 to 300 bar and at temperatures of from 180.degree. to 250.degree. C. with molar ratios of hydrogen to fatty acid residue in the butterfat of from 10:1 to 500:1. The reaction is carried out over catalysts which contain from 30 to 40% by weight copper, from 23 to 30% by weight chromium, from 1 to 10% by weight manganese, from 1 to 10% by weight silicon, and from 1 to 7% by weight barium. The percentages by weight in each case are based on the total oxidic mass of the catalyst. Other transition metals, especially zirconium and cerium, are additionally incorporated into the catalyst. The metals in the catalyst are converted to their oxides by calcination. The catalyst is converted into shaped particulate or granulated elements with from 1 to 10% by weight of at least one binder in addition to 1 to 10% by weight graphite. The catalyst is activated with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture.The reaction products include alcohols, oxo- and hydroxyfatty alcohols corresponding to the natural fatty acid composition of the butterfat and the desired, valuable product, propylene glycol. This process is advantageous since it eliminates the need for preseparation of the relatively short-chain fatty acids (or deacidification) of the butterfat prior to hydrogenation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于催化加氢的方法，其中非脱酸乳脂在20-300巴的压力和180-250℃的温度下与氢气连续地与氢气与脂肪酸残余物的摩尔比连续地反应 为10：1至500：1。 反应在含有30-40重量％铜，23-30重量％铬，1-10重量％的锰，1-10重量％的硅和1至7的催化剂上进行 重量％的钡。 在每种情况下，重量百分比是基于催化剂的总氧化质量。 其他过渡金属，特别是锆和铈也被并入催化剂中。 通过煅烧将催化剂中的金属转化为它们的氧化物。 除了1至10重量％的石墨之外，催化剂转化为具有1-10重量％的至少一种粘合剂的成型颗粒或颗粒状元素。 催化剂用氢气或含氢气体混合物活化。 反应产物包括对应于乳脂的天然脂肪酸组合物和所需有价值的产物丙二醇的醇，氧代和羟基脂肪醇。 该方法是有利的，因为它消除了在氢化之前预先分离乳脂相对短链脂肪酸（或脱酸）的需要。
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6.发明授权Process for the shaping agglomeration of particulate solids and solids produced by the process 失效用于通过该方法产生的颗粒固体和固体的形成附聚的方法
公开(公告)号：US4866023A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-12
申请号：US193973
申请日：1988-05-13
CPC分类号： B01J2/28
摘要： A process for producing shaped, agglomerated, particulate solids, by combining finely divided solids with a polymeric binder solution and curing the combination with polyvalent metal cations; and the products of such process.
摘要翻译： 通过将精细分散的固体与聚合物粘合剂溶液组合并固化与多价金属阳离子的组合来生产成形的团聚的颗粒固体的方法; 和这样的过程的产品。
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7.发明授权Acid-resistant catalysts for the direct hydrogenation of fatty acids to fatty alcohols 失效用于脂肪酸直接氢化成脂肪醇的耐酸催化剂
公开(公告)号：US4855273A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-08
申请号：US162537
申请日：1988-03-01
申请人： Joachim Pohl , Franz-Josef Carduck , Gerd Goebel
发明人： Joachim Pohl , Franz-Josef Carduck , Gerd Goebel
IPC分类号： B01J23/86 , C07C27/00 , C07C29/149 , C07C31/125 , C07C67/00
CPC分类号： B01J23/868 , C07C29/149 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P20/582 , Y10S502/524
摘要： Process for the production of a new copper (II) chromite spinel catalyst using colloidal silica gel and to its use for the direct fixed-bed hydrogenation of fatty acids to fatty alcohols of corresponding chain length.
摘要翻译： 用于生产使用胶体硅胶的新型（II）亚铬酸铁尖晶石催化剂的方法及其用于将脂肪酸直接固定床氢化成相应链长的脂肪醇的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4794098A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-27
申请号：US62275
申请日：1987-06-15
申请人： Joachim Pohl , Franz-Josef Carduck , Gerd Goebel
发明人： Joachim Pohl , Franz-Josef Carduck , Gerd Goebel
CPC分类号： B01J33/00 , B01J37/00 , Y10S502/50
摘要： A process for the stabilization of particulate, activated catalyst masses after the activation of the starting catalyst masses in a gas stream, wherein the particulate, activated catalyst masses are removed from the activation reactor in an inert gas atmosphere into a liquid alcohol or a mixture of two or more alcohols which are straight-chain or branched-chain alcohols containing from 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, stabilizing the catalyst masses by impregnation with the alcohol or the alcohol mixture, optionally storing and/or transporting the alcohol-impregnated catalyst masses, removing excess alcohol, sieving the alcohol-moist catalyst mass, and introducing the catalyst mass into a catalysis reactor to form a catalyst filling.
摘要翻译： 一种在气流中活化起始催化剂物质之后稳定颗粒状活化催化剂块的方法，其中将颗粒活化的催化剂物质在惰性气体气氛中从活化反应器中除去至液态醇或混合物 两个或多个醇，其是在烷基中含有6至12个碳原子的直链或支链醇，通过用醇或醇混合物浸渍来稳定催化剂质量，任选地存储和/或运输醇浸渍 催化剂质量，去除过量的醇，筛分醇 - 湿催化剂物质，并将催化剂物质引入催化反应器中以形成催化剂填充物。
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公开(公告)号：US4175050A
公开(公告)日：1979-11-20
申请号：US842802
申请日：1977-10-17
CPC分类号： C11D13/18
摘要： A shaped washing agent based on colored soaps and/or synthetic detergents comprising a plurality of individual colored particles of soap and/or synthetic detergent having a size range of 1 to 20 millimeters, so distributed that they adjoin one another with sharply defined boundries, said boundries being substantially free of occluded gas, to give at least a mosaic-like appearance to at least part of the surface of said shaped washing agent; and the process of producing said shaped washing agent by compressing the individual particles in the substantial absence of gas between said particles.
摘要翻译： 一种基于彩色皂和/或合成洗涤剂的成形洗涤剂，其包含多个单独的着色的皂和/或大小范围为1至20毫米的皂和/或合成洗涤剂的颗粒，因此分布成使得它们以明确限定的界限彼此邻接，所述 边界基本上不含闭塞气体，至少对所述成形洗涤剂的至少部分表面产生镶嵌状外观; 以及通过在所述颗粒之间基本上不存在气体压缩各个颗粒来生产所述成形洗涤剂的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06619571B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-16
申请号：US09731965
申请日：2000-12-07
IPC分类号： B02C1912
CPC分类号： B01J8/0025 , B01J8/06 , B01J2208/00761
摘要： A method for the removal of a spent catalyst from a fixed-bed reactor is disclosed, wherein a suction hose, in which a high pressure hose comprising a high-pressure nozzle is integrated, is introduced into the reactor, the catalyst is then size-reduced by water under high pressure passed through the nozzle, the catalyst/water mixture is removed under suction and is optionally collected in a separator.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种从固定床反应器中除去废催化剂的方法，其中将包含高压喷嘴的高压软管整合在一起的吸入软管被引入反应器中， 在通过喷嘴的高压下被水还原，在抽吸下除去催化剂/水混合物，并任选地收集在分离器中。
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