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公开(公告)号：US4789032A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-06
申请号：US101249
申请日：1987-09-25
CPC分类号： E21B47/024 , E21B21/103 , E21B34/14 , E21B7/068 , E21B2034/005
摘要： An orienting and circulating sub is disclosed for connection in an apparatus for angular drilling in the earth. The drilling apparatus comprises a drill string extending into a substantially vertical well bore in the earth supporting a fluid operated motor and drill bit at its lower end. The drill bit is supported for angular drilling by either using a bent sub for supporting the drilling motor or be using a drilling motor with a bent housing. A surveying tool is connected above the motor for determining and controlling the direction of drilling. A mule shoe keying sub is connected to the surveying tool for orienting the position of the motor in relation to said surveying tool. The orienting sub comprises a tubular housing formed in two sections threaded together with one end connected to the surveying tool by the mule shoe keying sub and the other end connected to the bent sub or to the bent motor housing. The orienting sub has a sleeve mounted in the end of the lower housing section with a key for receiving the mule shoe for locating the sub in relation to the surveying tool. The sleeve is oriented in the housing by a system of fine grooves and splines on the sub section and on the sleeve which permit fine angular adjustment. A modified Baker float valve is positioned in the lower end of the tool with a flapper check valve. A piston valve with shear pin is provided to open a bypass valve for draining the drill string during lifting.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在地球中用于角钻孔的装置中的连接的定向和循环子系统。 钻孔装置包括延伸到地面中的基本竖直的井眼中的钻柱，其支撑流体操作的马达和钻头在其下端。 通过使用用于支撑钻孔马达的弯曲副或者使用具有弯曲外壳的钻孔马达来支持钻头进行角度钻孔。 在电机上方连接有测量工具，用于确定和控制钻孔方向。 骡子鞋键合子连接到测量工具，用于相对于所述测量工具定位电动机的位置。 定向子包括形成为两个部分的管状壳体，螺纹连接在一起，一端通过骡子键合子连接到测量工具，另一端连接到弯曲的子部件或弯曲的电动机壳体。 定向子具有安装在下壳体部分的端部中的套筒，其具有用于接收骡子鞋的钥匙，用于相对于测量工具定位子套。 套筒通过在子部分和套筒上的精细凹槽和花键的系统定向在壳体中，允许精细的角度调节。 改装的贝克浮球阀位于工具的下端，带有挡板止回阀。 提供具有剪切销的活塞阀，以在提升期间打开用于排放钻柱的旁通阀。
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公开(公告)号：US4991668A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-12
申请号：US306050
申请日：1989-02-06
IPC分类号： E21B7/06 , E21B47/022 , E21B47/024
CPC分类号： E21B47/024 , E21B47/022 , E21B7/068
摘要： A system of apparatus for the controlled directional drilling of a deviated well bore into the earth has a fluid operated drilling motor and drill bit secured on the bottom end of a drill string. The drill bit is supported for angular drilling relative to a substantially vertical well bore by either using a bent sub for supporting the drilling motor or by using a drilling motor with a bent housing or a combination of the two. A bypass tool is connected to the bent sub or motor housing, an orienting sub and mule shoe keying sub are connected to the bypass tool, and a surveying tool is connected in the drill string above the orienting sub and mule shoe sub. The bypass tool is in fluid connection with the motor and has a telescopic housing and a valve for circulating fluid into the bore hole to flush cuttings and debris therefrom. The surveying tool determines and controls the direction of drilling. The orienting sub and mule shoe keying sub orients the position of the motor and drill bit in relation to the surveying tool.
摘要翻译： 用于将偏心井眼受控定向钻入地球的装置系统具有固定在钻柱底端的流体操作的钻井马达和钻头。 通过使用用于支撑钻孔马达的弯曲副或通过使用具有弯曲壳体或两者的组合的钻孔马达，该钻头被支撑用于相对于基本竖直的井眼的角钻孔。 旁路工具连接到弯曲的子或电动机壳体上，定向副和骡子鞋键合子连接到旁路工具，测量工具连接在定向子和骡子鞋子上的钻柱中。 旁路工具与电机流体连接，并具有伸缩壳体和用于将流体循环到钻孔中的阀，以从其中冲洗切屑和碎屑。 测量工具确定和控制钻井方向。 定位子和骡子鞋键控将电机和钻头的位置相对于测量工具定位。
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公开(公告)号：US4694913A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US863957
申请日：1986-05-16
申请人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
发明人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
摘要： Long utility holes, for gas lines, electrical conduit, communications conduit and the like, may be bored or pierced horizontally through the earth, particularly under obstacles, such as buildings, streets, highways, rivers, lakes, etc. Such holes may be bored by an underground drilling mole (underground percussion drill) supported on a hollow drill rod and supplied with compressed air through the rod to operate an air hammer which strikes an anvil having an external boring face, preferably constructed to apply an asymmetric boring force. The drill rod is operated by a drill rig on the surface or recessed in special pit for horizontal drilling and provides for addition of sections of pipe or hollow rod as the boring progresses. The asymmetric boring force causes the boring path to curve and, when straight line drilling is needed, the drill rod is rotated to counteract the asymmetric boring force. An alternative boring tool utilizes an expander supported on a solid or hollow drill rod and having a base end supported on and larger in diameter than the rod and tapering longitudinally forward therefrom. It may have a uniform extension protruding a short distance forward. The tool penetrates the earth upon longitudinal movement of the drill rod.
摘要翻译： 用于气体管道，电气管道，通讯管道等的长通风孔可能会被水平穿过地球，特别是在建筑物，街道，公路，河流，湖泊等障碍物下面。这样的孔可能无聊 通过支撑在中空钻杆上并通过杆供给压缩空气的地下钻孔槌（地下冲击钻）来操作撞击具有外部钻孔面的砧座的空气锤，优选地构造成施加不对称镗孔。 钻杆由表面上的钻机操作，或者用于水平钻孔的特殊凹坑中，并且在钻孔进行时提供管道或中空杆的部分。 不对称钻孔力使钻孔路径弯曲，当需要直线钻孔时，钻杆旋转以抵消不对称钻孔力。 一种替代的钻孔工具利用支撑在实心或中空钻杆上的膨胀器，并且具有支撑在直径上且大于杆直径的基端，并从其纵向向前逐渐变细。 它可能具有向前突出较短距离的均匀延伸。 当钻杆的纵向移动时，该工具穿透地球。
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公开(公告)号：US06530437B2
公开(公告)日：2003-03-11
申请号：US09874179
申请日：2001-06-05
IPC分类号： E21B2101
CPC分类号： E21B21/08 , E21B21/001
摘要： A multi-gradient system for drilling a well bore from a surface location into a seabed includes an injector for injecting buoyant substantially incompressible articles into a column of drilling fluid associated with the well bore. Preferably, the substantially incompressible articles comprises hollow substantially spherical bodies.
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公开(公告)号：US4880065A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US258175
申请日：1988-10-14
申请人： William J. McDonald , Michael R. Wasson , Curtis E. Leitko , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer
发明人： William J. McDonald , Michael R. Wasson , Curtis E. Leitko , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer
摘要： A new and improved air motor operated rotary earth drilling tool for use with a source of high pressure, high volume compressed air has a circulation control housing, a motor housing, a reduction gear housing, and a bearing housing connected longitudinally in series. The circulation control housing is connected to high pressure, high volume, compressed air and has an outlet opening into the motor housing, and an exhaust opening for discharge of compressed air for flushing cuttings and debris from a bore hole which is controlled by longitudinal movement of an inlet tube. The motor housing has a motor chamber and a sliding vane rotor with a rotary shaft extending into the reduction gear housing. A planetary reduction gear receives the rotor shaft and has a low speed, high torque output shaft extending into the bearing housing. A passageway conducts compressed air around the planetary reduction gear for cooling. A radial and thrust bearing pack in the bearing housing is connected to the planetary reduction gear output shaft. A hollow, rotary drill bit sub extends into the bearing housing and is supported on the bearing pack for rotation by the planetary reduction gear. Part of the compressed air operating the motor and cooling the planetary reduction gear is discharged through the drill bit sub and part flows though the bearing pack for cooling and discharge into the bore hole.
摘要翻译： 一种新型改进的气动马达操作的旋转式泥土钻井工具，与高压大容量压缩空气源一起使用，具有循环控制壳体，马达壳体，减速齿轮壳体和纵向连续连接的轴承壳体。 循环控制壳体连接到高压，大体积的压缩空气，并且具有进入电动机壳体的出口，以及用于排出压缩空气的排气口，用于从钻孔冲洗切屑和碎屑，该钻孔由纵向运动控制 入口管。 马达壳体具有马达室和具有延伸到减速齿轮壳体中的旋转轴的滑动叶片转子。 行星减速齿轮接收转子轴并且具有延伸到轴承壳体中的低速，高扭矩输出轴。 一个通道在行星减速机周围传导压缩空气用于冷却。 轴承座中的径向和推力轴承组件连接到行星减速齿轮输出轴。 中空的旋转钻头子部分延伸到轴承壳体中并且被支撑在轴承组件上以由行星减速齿轮旋转。 运行电机并冷却行星减速齿轮的压缩空气的一部分通过钻头副排出，部件通过轴承组件流动，以冷却和排放到钻孔中。
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公开(公告)号：US4858704A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US094937
申请日：1987-09-09
申请人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
发明人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
摘要： Long utility holes, for gas lines, electrical conduit, communications conduit and the like, may be bored or pierced horizontally through the earth, particularly under obstacles, such as buildings, streets, highways, rivers, lakes, etc. Such holes may be bored by an underground drilling mole (underground percussion drill) supported on a hollow drill rod and supplied with compressed air through the rod to operate an air hammer which strikes an anvil having an external boring face, preferably constructed to apply an asymmetric boring force. The drill rod is operated by a drill rig on the surface or recessed in special pit for horizontal drilling and provides for additional sections of pipe or hollow rod as the boring progresses. The asymmetric boring force causes the boring path to curve and, when straight line drilling is needed, the drill rod is rotated to counteract the asymmetric boring force. An alternative boring tool utilizes an expander supported on a solid or hollow drill rod and having a base end supported on and larger in diameter than the rod and tapering longitudinally forward therefrom. It may have a uniform extension protruding a short distance forward. The tool penetrates the earth upon longitudinal movement of the drill rod.
摘要翻译： 用于气体管道，电气管道，通讯管道等的长通风孔可能会在地球上，特别是在诸如建筑物，街道，高速公路，河流，湖泊等障碍物的水平下钻孔或刺穿。这样的孔可能无聊 通过支撑在中空钻杆上并通过杆供给压缩空气的地下钻孔槌（地下冲击钻）来操作撞击具有外部钻孔面的砧座的空气锤，优选地构造成施加不对称镗孔。 钻杆由表面上的钻机操作，或者用于水平钻孔的专用凹坑中，并在钻孔进行时提供管道或中空杆的附加部分。 不对称钻孔力使钻孔路径弯曲，当需要直线钻孔时，钻杆旋转以抵消不对称钻孔力。 一种替代的钻孔工具利用支撑在实心或中空钻杆上的膨胀器，并且具有支撑在直径上且大于杆直径的基端，并从其纵向向前逐渐变细。 它可能具有向前突出较短距离的均匀延伸。 当钻杆的纵向移动时，该工具穿透地球。
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公开(公告)号：US4621698A
公开(公告)日：1986-11-11
申请号：US723792
申请日：1985-04-16
申请人： Gerard T. Pittard , William J. McDonald , William C. Maurer , John H. Cohen , Gregory C. Givler
发明人： Gerard T. Pittard , William J. McDonald , William C. Maurer , John H. Cohen , Gregory C. Givler
CPC分类号： E21B47/02216 , E21B4/145 , E21B7/068 , E21B7/26
摘要： A percussion boring tool is disclosed for boring in the earth at an angle or in a generally horizontal direction. The tool has a steering mechanism substantially as shown in a copending patent application and a cylindrical body with overgage sleeves located over a portion of the outer body affixed so that they can rotate but cannot slide axially. The overgage areas at the front and back of the tool, or alternately, an undergage section in the center of the tool body permits a 2-point contact (front and rear) of the outer housing with the soil wall as opposed to the line contact which occurs without the undercut. The 2-point contact allows the tool to deviate in an arc without distorting the round cross-sectional profile of the pierced hole. Thus, for a given steering force at the front and/or back of the tool, a higher rate of turning is possible since a smaller volume of soil needs to be displaced.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种冲击钻孔工具，其以角度或大致水平的方向在地球中钻孔。 该工具具有基本上如共同未决的专利申请中所示的转向机构，并且具有位于外部主体的一部分上方的具有过载套筒的圆柱形主体被固定，使得它们可以旋转但不能轴向滑动。 工具正面和背面的交叉区域，或者交替地，工具主体中心的下行部分允许外壳与土壤壁的两点接触（前后）与线接触相反 其发生没有底切。 2点接触允许刀具在电弧中偏离，而不会使穿孔的圆形横截面轮廓变形。 因此，对于在工具的前部和/或后部的给定的转向力，可以有更高的转动速度，因为较小体积的土壤需要移动。
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公开(公告)号：US4936397A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-26
申请号：US328890
申请日：1989-03-27
CPC分类号： E21B21/16 , E21B21/103 , E21B4/02
摘要： An earth drilling apparatus has a pneumatic motor operated earth drilling tool, a valve assembly connected to the motor, and a drill string connected to the valve and to a source of pneumatic fluid. The drilling tool has an earth drilling bit and a rotor/stator motor section to apply a rotational force to rotate the bit at the bottom of the string. The valve assembly is disposed between the drilling tool motor and the source of pneumatic fluid and controls the flow of pneumatic fluid to the tool. The valve assembly has a pneumatic pressure-operated valve which is operable in response to the pressure of pneumatic fluid in the drill string to be opened to permit flow of pneumatic fluid to the tool at a predetermined operating pressure to transmit an initial pulse of pneumatic fluid to initiate operation of the motor. The valve is kept open at a lower pressure than that required to open it. The valve is a pressure operated valve, spring-loaded toward closed position, which opens at a first predetermined pneumatic pressure permitting flow to said tool and closes at a second, substantially lower, pneumatic pressure.
摘要翻译： 地球钻井设备具有气动马达操作的地球钻井工具，连接到马达的阀组件和连接到阀门和气动流体源的钻柱。 该钻具具有一个钻地钻头和一转子/定子马达部分，用于施加旋转力以使该钻头的底部旋转。 阀组件设置在钻孔工具马达和气动流体源之间，并控制气动流体流向工具。 阀组件具有气动压力操作阀，其可响应于待打开的钻柱中的气动流体的压力而操作，以允许在预定操作压力下将气动流体流动到工具以传递气动流体的初始脉冲 启动电机的运行。 阀门打开压力低于打开阀门的压力。 阀是一个压力操作的阀，弹簧加载到关闭位置，其以第一预定的气动压力打开，允许流动到所述工具并以第二个，基本上较低的气动压力关闭。
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公开(公告)号：US4828053A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-09
申请号：US143005
申请日：1988-01-12
摘要： A deviated wellbore drilling system suitable for drilling curved wellbores which have a radius of curvature of approximately 200 to 1,000 feet relative to a vertical or near vertical wellbore comprises a drill string, a drill bit, and a fluid-operated drill motor having a curved or bent housing section for rotating the drill bit independently of the drill string. The drilling motor has an elongate tubular rotor/stator drive section containing a rubber stator and a steel rotor and the housing is bent or curved intermediate its ends. A straight or bent univeral section below the bent or curved rotor/stator section contains a universal joint for converting orbiting motion of the rotor to concentric rotary motion at the bit, and a bearing pack section below the universal section contains radial and thrust bearings to absorb the high loads applied to the bit.
摘要翻译： 相对于竖直或近似垂直的井筒，曲轴半径曲线约为200至1,000英尺的弯曲井筒的偏斜井眼钻井系统包括钻柱，钻头和流体操作的钻机马达，其具有弯曲或 弯曲的壳体部分用于独立于钻柱旋转钻头。 钻井马达具有细长的管状转子/定子驱动部分，其包含橡胶定子和钢转子，壳体在其端部之间弯曲或弯曲。 在弯曲或弯曲的转子/定子部分下方的直的或弯曲的通用部分包含用于将转子的轨道运动转换为同心旋转运动的万向接头，并且通用部分下方的轴承组件部分包含用于吸收的径向和推力轴承 施加到该位的高负载。
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公开(公告)号：US5022471A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-11
申请号：US461741
申请日：1990-01-08
摘要： A deviated wellbore drilling system suitable for drilling curved wellbores which have a radius of curvature of approximately 10 to 1,000 feet relative to a vertical or near vertical wellbore comprises a drill string, a drill bit, and a fluid-operated drill motor having a curved or bent housing section for rotating the drill bit independently of the drill string. The drilling motor has an elongate tubular rotor/stator drive section containing a rubber stator and a steel rotor and the housing is bent or curved intermediate its ends. A straight or bent universal section below the bent or curved rotor/stator section contains a universal joint for converting orbiting motion of the rotor to concentric rotary motion at the bit, and a bearing pack section below the universal section contains radial and thrust bearings to absorb the high loads applied to the bit.
摘要翻译： 相对于竖直或近似垂直的井孔，具有大约10至1,000英尺的曲率半径的弯曲井眼的偏斜井眼钻井系统包括钻柱，钻头和流体操作的钻机马达，其具有弯曲或 弯曲的壳体部分用于独立于钻柱旋转钻头。 钻井马达具有细长的管状转子/定子驱动部分，其包含橡胶定子和钢转子，壳体在其端部之间弯曲或弯曲。 在弯曲或弯曲的转子/定子部分下方的直的或弯曲的通用部分包含用于将转子的轨道运动转换为同轴旋转运动的万向接头，并且在通用部分下方的轴承组件部分包含径向和推力轴承以吸收 施加到该位的高负载。
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