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公开(公告)号：US5183610A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US647197
申请日：1990-12-20
IPC分类号： C04B35/119 , C04B35/488
CPC分类号： C04B35/119 , C04B35/4885
摘要： A method for producing a ceramic is disclosed. The method involves comminuting a batch composed of from 6 to 95 percent of particulate ZrO.sub.2 and from 5 to 94 percent of particulate Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. A part of the particulate ZrO.sub.2 is in a metastable tetragonal crystal structure, for example, as a consequence of 3.sup.m/o of Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 dissolved therein and a part has a monoclinic crystal structure. The comminuted batch is compacted into a shape, and the shape is fired. The degree of comminution of the batch, the firing conditions and the proportions of stabilized and monoclinic ZrO.sub.2 in the batch are controlled to produce a dense, gas impervious ceramic which contains both metastable tatragonal and monoclinic ZrO.sub.2, and in such proportions that the ceramic has improved strength by comparison with an otherwise identical ceramic wherein all of the ZrO.sub.2 is in either a metastable tetragonal or a monoclinic crystal structure.Also disclosed is a method where the particulate alumina can be an alumina-chromia solid solution containing up to 50.sup.m/o of chromia.In another embodiment, a ceramic article is disclosed. The article is composed of from 6 to 95 percent of particulate ZrO.sub.2, from 5 to 94 percent of particulate Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, from 1/4 to 33/4 percent of MnO.sub.2 and from 1/4 to 33/4 percent of TiO.sub.2 .
摘要翻译： 公开了一种陶瓷的制造方法。 该方法包括粉碎由6至95％的颗粒状ZrO 2和5至94％的Al 2 O 3组成的批料。 颗粒状ZrO 2的一部分为亚稳态的四方晶系结构，例如，作为3m / o的Y2O3溶解的结果，部分具有单斜晶体结构。 粉碎的批次被压制成形状，并且形状被烧制。 控制批料的粉碎程度，焙烧条件和批次中稳定和单斜ZrO2的比例，以制备含有亚稳晶粒和单斜晶ZrO2的致密的不透气陶瓷，并且按照这样的比例使陶瓷改进 与其他相同的陶瓷相比，其中所有的ZrO 2都是亚稳态的四方晶系或单斜晶体结构。 还公开了一种方法，其中颗粒氧化铝可以是含有高达50m / o的氧化铬的氧化铝 - 氧化铬固溶体。 在另一个实施方案中，公开了一种陶瓷制品。 该制品由6％至95％的颗粒状ZrO 2，5％至94％的颗粒状Al 2 O 3，1/3〜33/4％的MnO 2和1/4〜33/4％的TiO 2组成。
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公开(公告)号：US5147833A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-15
申请号：US682852
申请日：1991-04-05
IPC分类号： C04B35/10 , C04B35/119 , C04B35/48 , C04B35/488
CPC分类号： C04B35/4885 , C04B35/119
摘要： A ceramic article is disclosed. The article is composed of from 6 to 50 percent of particulate ZrO.sub.2 having an ultimate particle size less than 2 .mu.m, from 50 to 94 percent of particulate Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, from 1/4 to 3 percent of MnO.sub.2 and from 1/4 to 3 percent of TiO.sub.2.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种陶瓷制品。 该制品由6％至50％的最终粒度小于2微米，50至94％的颗粒状Al 2 O 3，1/3至3％的MnO 2和1/3至3％的颗粒状ZrO 2组成。 的TiO2。
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公开(公告)号：US5570258A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-29
申请号：US439258
申请日：1995-05-11
申请人： William R. Manning
发明人： William R. Manning
摘要： A phase monitor and protection circuit is shown in which an impedance network (21, 23, 25) in a respective branch (20, 22, 24) connected to a neutral (26) is coupled to each phase of a three phase power supply (L1, L2, L3) to create a known voltage profile across the respective networks. A relay network (36) is coupled to one branch (20) and a control network (30) is coupled to a second branch (24) to monitor the voltage levels and deenergize the relay (R1) upon the occurrence of the reversal of any two phases or the loss of a phase. The control circuit can also be used to detect low voltage conditions and in a second embodiment provides a time delay network (44) to avoid nuisance tripping due to transient low voltage or brown out condition.
摘要翻译： 示出了相位监视和保护电路，其中连接到空档（26）的相应分支（20,22,24）中的阻抗网络（21,23,25）耦合到三相电源的每个相（ L1，L2，L3），以产生跨各个网络的已知电压分布。 中继网络（36）耦合到一个分支（20），并且控制网络（30）耦合到第二分支（24）以监视电压电平并且在发生任何 两个阶段或一个阶段的丧失。 控制电路也可用于检测低电压条件，并且在第二实施例中提供了一种时间延迟网络（44），以避免由于瞬态低电压或掉电条件而导致的妨碍跳闸。
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公开(公告)号：US4128433A
公开(公告)日：1978-12-05
申请号：US906063
申请日：1978-05-15
申请人： William R. Manning
发明人： William R. Manning
CPC分类号： C04B35/48
摘要： A method for producing a dense and impervious stabilized hafnium oxide ceramic having zero percent water absorption is disclosed. The hafnium oxide is stabilized in the sense that a solid solution with Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 is formed. The solid solution has a cubic crystal structure which, because of its similarity to the structure of the mineral fluorite, is sometimes called a "fluorite phase"; unlike hafnium oxide alone, which undergoes a destructive phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic during cooling, the cubic structure of the solid solution remains stable during cooling of a ceramic article. The ceramic is made by producing an intimate dry mixture consisting essentially, on an oxide basis, of hafnia, yttria and at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, calcia, magnesia, baria and strontia, yttria constituting substantially 8 to 12 mole percent of said article based upon the total number of moles of hafnia and yttria, and silica, alumina, calcia, magnesia, baria and strontia constituting from 1/4 percent to 4 percent, based upon the weight of hafnia and yttria, with the proviso that calcia, magnesia, baria and strontia constitute not more than 70 percent by weight of the total of silica, alumina, calcia, magnesia, baria and strontia, pressing the dry mixture into a predetermined shape, and sintering the shape to a gas impervious condition at a temperature from 2700.degree. F. to 3000.degree. F. A stabilized, dense, hafnium oxide ceramic has the capability of conducting oxygen anions, a requisite of the solid electrolyte in an oxygen concentration cell. Such a cell can be used as an oxygen sensor in apparatus for controlling the operation of an internal combustion engine to maintain substantially the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. When the air-fuel ratio is closely controlled, a three-way catalytic converter can be used to control emissions of hydrocarbons, CO and NO.sub.x within the limits presently specified for 1978.
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公开(公告)号：US5548464A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-20
申请号：US350778
申请日：1994-12-07
申请人： William R. Manning
发明人： William R. Manning
CPC分类号： H02H1/06 , H02H7/0852 , H02H7/09 , H02H11/007
摘要： A electronic motor protection system is shown having a power supply (12) usable with multivoltage supplies and providing protection from over-temperature conditions caused by various fault conditions. The system also has optional features of a time delay (20) for re-energization and for low voltage protection (22). The system is mounted on a circuit board and encased in potting material which also locks two housing parts together (30, 34). A miswiring feature is also provided to prevent connecting line voltage to the control circuit or sensor terminals.
摘要翻译： 电子电动机保护系统被示出具有可用于多电压电源的电源（12），并且提供由各种故障条件引起的过温条件的保护。 该系统还具有用于再通电和低电压保护的延时（20）的可选特征（22）。 该系统安装在电路板上并封装在灌封材料中，该灌封材料也将两个壳体部件锁定在一起（30,34）。 还提供了误接线功能，以防止将线路电压连接到控制电路或传感器端子。
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公开(公告)号：USRE34028E
公开(公告)日：1992-08-11
申请号：US583663
申请日：1990-09-17
申请人： William R. Manning
发明人： William R. Manning
IPC分类号： C03C3/087 , C03C14/00 , C04B35/111 , C04B35/63
CPC分类号： C03C3/087 , C03C14/004 , C04B35/111 , C04B35/6316 , C03C2214/04
摘要： A ceramic consisting essentially of from 1 to 15 percent of glass and 99 to 85 percent of a mixture of particulate Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and particulate ZrO.sub.2 is disclosed. ZrO.sub.2 is present in a sufficient amount, usually from 1/4 to 6 percent based on the weight of the ZrO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, to strengthen the ceramic significantly, by comparison with an otherwise identical ceramic where the particulate ZrO.sub.2 is replaced either by the glass or by particulate Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The glass constitutes a vitreous phase bonding the particulates into a dense, gas impervious structure, and can be a calcium magnesium silicate glass containing from 45 to 80 percent of SiO.sub.2, from 8 to 55 percent of CaO and MgO, and not more than 15 percent of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.
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7.发明授权Alumina ceramic comprising a siliceous binder and at least one of zirconia and hafnia 失效氧化铝陶瓷包含硅质粘合剂和氧化锆和铪中的至少一种
公开(公告)号：US4552852A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-12
申请号：US625095
申请日：1984-06-27
申请人： William R. Manning
发明人： William R. Manning
IPC分类号： C04B35/10 , C04B35/119 , C04B35/48
CPC分类号： C04B35/119
摘要： A ceramic composed of 1 to 15 percent of glass and 99 to 85 percent of a mixture of particulates is disclosed. The glass, present as a vitreous phase bonding the particulates into a dense, gas impervious structure, contains 45 to 80 percent of SiO.sub.2, 8 to 65 percent of CaO and MgO and not more than 15 percent of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The particulates, which are finer than 15 microns in ultimate particle size, include Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and at least one of ZrO.sub.2, HfO.sub.2 and solid solutions of the two. The ceramics are subject to microcracking, which can be cured by refiring, or prevented by including particulate Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 as a stabilizer.
摘要翻译： 公开了由1％至15％的玻璃和99％至85％的微粒混合物组成的陶瓷。 作为玻璃状相存在的玻璃作为将颗粒粘结成致密的不透气结构的玻璃相，含有45〜80％的SiO 2，8〜65％的CaO和MgO，不超过15％的Al 2 O 3。 微粒比最终粒度小于15微米，包括Al2O3和ZrO2，HfO2和这两种固溶体中的至少一种。 陶瓷受到微裂纹的影响，可以通过再填充来固化，也可以通过包含颗粒状Y2O3作为稳定剂进行防止。
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公开(公告)号：US07019954B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-28
申请号：US10404870
申请日：2003-04-01
IPC分类号： H02H9/00
摘要： A surge protector for portable personal computers, or notebooks, of the shunting type, employs two differently rated metal oxide varistors in a manner enabling operation with several differently rated AC power services. The surge protector is designed to provide an optimum effective clamping voltage with a low let-through voltage.
摘要翻译： 用于分流式便携式个人计算机或笔记本电脑的电涌保护器采用两种不同等级的金属氧化物变阻器，可以使用几种不同等级的交流电源服务进行操作。 浪涌保护器被设计为提供具有低通电电压的最佳有效钳位电压。
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公开(公告)号：US06556410B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-29
申请号：US09601228
申请日：2000-09-15
IPC分类号： H02H900
摘要： A surge protector for portable personal computers, or notebooks, of the shunting type, employs two differently rated metal oxide varistors in a manner enabling operation with several differently rated AC power services the surge protector is designed to provide an optimum effective clamping voltage with a low let-through voltage.
摘要翻译： 用于分流式便携式个人计算机或笔记本电脑的浪涌保护器采用两种不同等级的金属氧化物变阻器，以使得能够使用几种不同等级的交流电力服务进行操作，浪涌保护器被设计成以低的速度提供最佳的有效钳位电压 通电电压。
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公开(公告)号：USD452214S1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-18
申请号：US29133887
申请日：2000-12-08
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