Process and apparatus for analysis of hydrocarbon species by near
infrared spectroscopy
    1.
    发明授权
    Process and apparatus for analysis of hydrocarbon species by near infrared spectroscopy 失效
    通过近红外光谱分析烃类物质的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US5712481A

    公开(公告)日:1998-01-27

    申请号:US685364

    申请日:1996-07-23

    摘要: In addition to analysis in the infrared spectra of hydrocarbon group types, it has now been found that certain hydrocarbon species, including preferably aromatic species such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and alkyl benzenes such as ethyl benzene, can be determined by measuring absorption in certain selected wavelengths in the infrared spectra, then manipulating the data, e.g., preferably by taking the first or higher derivative, and applying statistical techniques, preferably multiple linear regression (MLR) to provide an output signal indicative of the concentration of the particular specie. The output signal can be used to control refinery and chemical processes, e.g., reforming, catalytic cracking, alkylation and isomerization. In manufacturing reformulated fuels, government regulations can be complied with by utilizing the invention to blend fuels which have a maximum of benzene or other regulated components.

    摘要翻译: 除了对烃基类型的红外光谱进行分析之外,现在已经发现,某些烃类,包括优选芳族物质如苯,甲苯,二甲苯和烷基苯如乙基苯可以通过测量吸收 红外光谱中的某些选定的波长,然后操纵数据,例如,优选地通过取第一个或更高的导数,以及应用统计技术,优选多重线性回归(MLR)来提供指示特定物种浓度的输出信号。 输出信号可用于控制炼油和化学过程,例如重整,催化裂化,烷基化和异构化。 在制造改性燃料时,可以通过利用本发明来混合具有最大苯或其他调节组分的燃料来满足政府规定。

    Method for monitoring feeds to catalytic cracking units by near-infrared spectroscopy
    2.
    发明申请
    Method for monitoring feeds to catalytic cracking units by near-infrared spectroscopy 审中-公开
    通过近红外光谱法监测催化裂化装置的进料的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20070212790A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-09-13

    申请号:US11656320

    申请日:2007-01-19

    IPC分类号: G01N33/00

    CPC分类号: G01N21/359 Y10T436/21

    摘要: A monitoring of catalytic cracking processing is provided which uses near infrared (NIR) analysis to characterize cracking feeds, intermediates and products for chemical and physical properties such as saturates, monoaromatics, diaromatics, triaromatics, tetraaromatics, polar aromatics, total aromatics, thiophenes, distillation points, basic nitrogen, total nitrogen, API gravity, total sulfur, MCRT and % coker gasoil and the resulting characterization thereof. The NIR results can be used in FCC simulation software to predict unit yields and qualities.

    摘要翻译: 提供催化裂化加工的监测,其使用近红外(NIR)分析来表征裂化进料,中间体和产物的化学和物理性质,例如饱和物,单芳烃,二芳族化合物,三芳族化合物,四芳族化合物,极性芳族化合物,总芳族化合物,噻吩,蒸馏 点,碱性氮,总氮,API比重,总硫,MCRT和焦化焦油汽油及其结果表征。 NIR结果可用于FCC模拟软件中,以预测单位产量和质量。

    Determination of aromatics in hydrocarbons by near infrared spectroscopy
    3.
    发明授权
    Determination of aromatics in hydrocarbons by near infrared spectroscopy 失效
    通过近红外光谱测定烃类中的芳烃

    公开(公告)号:US5370790A

    公开(公告)日:1994-12-06

    申请号:US839982

    申请日:1992-02-20

    IPC分类号: G01N21/35 G01N33/28 C10G45/00

    摘要: Mid-distillate hydrocarbon fuels, preferably having initial boiling points above 350.degree. F., are separated e.g. by prep-HPLC into non-aromatic and aromatic fractions which are used to set 0% aromatics (the non-aromatics) and 100% aromatics (the aromatics) on an NIR spectrophotometer. From NIR aromatic band absorbances of unknown samples, their percent aromatics is determined using this two-point calibration and the Beer-Lambert equation. Preferred NIR bands of 1650-1700 and 2120-2256 exhibit excel lent correlation with aromatics content.

    摘要翻译: 优选具有高于350°F的初始沸点的中馏分碳氢化合物燃料被分离。 通过制备HPLC进入用于在NIR分光光度计上设置0%芳族化合物(非芳族化合物)和100%芳族化合物(芳族化合物)的非芳族和芳族级分。 从未知样品的NIR芳族带吸光度,使用这种两点校准和Beer-Lambert方程确定其百分比芳族化合物。 1650-1700和2120-2256的优选NIR带表现出与芳烃含量的相关性。

    Determination of aromatics in hydrocarbons by near infrared spectroscopy
and calibration therefor
    4.
    发明授权
    Determination of aromatics in hydrocarbons by near infrared spectroscopy and calibration therefor 失效
    通过近红外光谱和其校准确定烃类中的芳烃

    公开(公告)号:US5145785A

    公开(公告)日:1992-09-08

    申请号:US626132

    申请日:1990-12-11

    IPC分类号: G01N21/35 G01N33/28

    摘要: Mid-distillate hydrocarbon fuels, preferably having initial boiling points above 350.degree. F., are separated e.g. by prep-HPLC into non-aromatic and aromatic fractions which are used to set 0% aromatics (the non-aromatics) and 100% aromatics (the aromatics) on an NIR spectrophotometer. From NIR aromatic band absorbances of unknown samples, their percent aromatics is determined using this two-point calibration and the Beer-Lambert equation. Preferred NIR bands of 1650-1700 and 2120-2256 exhibit excellent correlation with aromatics content.

    摘要翻译: 优选具有高于350°F的初始沸点的中馏分碳氢化合物燃料被分离。 通过制备HPLC进入用于在NIR分光光度计上设置0%芳族化合物(非芳族化合物)和100%芳族化合物(芳族化合物)的非芳族和芳族级分。 从未知样品的NIR芳族带吸光度,使用这种两点校准和Beer-Lambert方程确定其百分比芳族化合物。 1650-1700和2120-2256的优选NIR带表现出与芳族化合物含量的极好相关性。

    Determination of aromatics in hydrocarbons by near infrared spectroscopy
    5.
    发明授权
    Determination of aromatics in hydrocarbons by near infrared spectroscopy 失效
    通过近红外光谱测定烃类中的芳烃

    公开(公告)号:US5348645A

    公开(公告)日:1994-09-20

    申请号:US942117

    申请日:1992-09-08

    IPC分类号: G01N21/35 G01N33/28 C10G45/00

    摘要: Mid-distillate hydrocarbon fuels, preferably having initial boiling points above 350.degree. F., are separated e.g. by prep-HPLC into non-aromatic and aromatic fractions which are used to set 0% aromatics (the non-aromatics) and 100% aromatics (the aromatics) on an NIR spectrophotometer. From NIR aromatic band absorbances of unknown samples, their percent aromatics is determined using this two-point calibration and the Beer-Lambert equation. Preferred NIR bands of 1650-1700 and 2120-2256 exhibit excellent correlation with aromatics content. Also similar techniques measure sulfur through correlation with the benzothiophenic band and its overtones and combination bands, or possibly directly.

    摘要翻译: 优选具有高于350°F的初始沸点的中馏分碳氢化合物燃料被分离。 通过制备HPLC进入用于在NIR分光光度计上设置0%芳族化合物(非芳族化合物)和100%芳族化合物(芳族化合物)的非芳族和芳族级分。 从未知样品的NIR芳族带吸光度,使用这种两点校准和Beer-Lambert方程确定其百分比芳族化合物。 1650-1700和2120-2256的优选NIR带表现出与芳族化合物含量的极好相关性。 类似的技术也可以通过与苯并噻吩带及其泛音和组合带,或可能直接相关来测量硫。

    Method and apparatus for analysis of relative levels of biodiesel in fuels by near-infrared spectroscopy
    6.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for analysis of relative levels of biodiesel in fuels by near-infrared spectroscopy 失效
    通过近红外光谱分析燃料中生物柴油的相对水平的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US07404411B2

    公开(公告)日:2008-07-29

    申请号:US11088429

    申请日:2005-03-23

    IPC分类号: G05D11/13

    摘要: A process and system for the analysis and/or control of a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and biodiesel to determine biodiesel concentration includes a) measuring the near infrared absorption in at least two of the bands of two absorption bands from a portion of the range of 800-2500 nm; in particular 1100-2500 nm which are used to quantify the biodiesel content. b) taking each of the absorbances measured, or a mathematical function thereof, c) performing at least one mathematical computing or statistical treatment using the above absorbances or functions as individual independent variables, d) assigning and applying weighting constants or their equivalents to the independent variables, and, optionally e) applying the above steps using known compositions to calibrate the instrument and determine the weighting constants or equivalents, and further optionally f) outputting a signal indicative of the biodiesel concentration in the mixture, based on the absorbances or functions.

    摘要翻译: 用于分析和/或控制液体烃和生物柴油混合物以确定生物柴油浓度的方法和系统包括:a)从800个范围的一部分测量两个吸收带的至少两个带中的近红外吸收 -2500nm; 特别是1100-2500nm,用于量化生物柴油含量。 b)取每个测量的吸光度或其数学函数,c)使用上述吸收或函数作为独立变量进行至少一个数学计算或统计处理,d)分配和应用加权常数或其等价物到独立的 变量以及可选地e)使用已知组合物应用上述步骤来校准仪器并确定加权常数或等同物,并且还可选地f)基于吸光度或功能输出指示混合物中生物柴油浓度的信号。

    Process for analysis of asphaltene content in hydrocarbon mixtures by
middle infrared spectroscopy
    7.
    发明授权
    Process for analysis of asphaltene content in hydrocarbon mixtures by middle infrared spectroscopy 失效
    通过中红外光谱分析烃混合物中沥青质含量的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06087662A

    公开(公告)日:2000-07-11

    申请号:US83913

    申请日:1998-05-22

    IPC分类号: G01N21/35 G01N33/26 G01N33/28

    摘要: Asphaltene concentration of a hydrocarbon feed is measured by IR spectroscopy using mid-range IR frequencies between 3800 cm.sup.-1 and 650 cm.sup.-1 (corresponding to wavelengths between 2630 nanometers (nm) and 15,380 nm) together with mathematical techniques and statistical techniques in which measurements of absorption are made, and combines these with multiple regression analysis, or other statistical technique and modeling to determine asphaltene concentration. The output signal can be used to control refinery and chemical processes, e.g., atmospheric crude column, vacuum distillation column, solvent deasphalting and visbreaking.

    摘要翻译: 烃进料的沥青质浓度通过IR光谱法使用在3800cm-1至650cm -1(对应于2630nm(nm)和15,380nm之间的波长)的中等范围IR频率以及数学技术和统计技术来测量,其中 进行吸收测量,并结合这些与多元回归分析或其他统计技术和建模来确定沥青质浓度。 输出信号可用于控制炼油和化学过程,例如常压粗塔,真空蒸馏塔,溶剂脱沥青和减粘裂化。

    Hydrocarbon analysis and control by raman spectroscopy
    9.
    发明授权
    Hydrocarbon analysis and control by raman spectroscopy 失效
    通过拉曼光谱分析和控制碳氢化合物

    公开(公告)号:US5684580A

    公开(公告)日:1997-11-04

    申请号:US432559

    申请日:1995-05-01

    IPC分类号: G01N21/65 G01N33/28

    CPC分类号: G01N33/2835 G01N21/65

    摘要: Benzene and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons can be predicted within .+-.0.31% vol or better, using Raman NIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis, with optional fiberoptics multistreaming, preferably with Partial Least Squares regression analysis. The resulting signal can be used to control concentration of such compounds in product to desired levels.

    摘要翻译: 使用拉曼近红外光谱和多变量分析,可以预测苯和取代的芳烃在+/- 0.31%vol或更好的范围内,可选的光纤多流,优选采用部分最小二乘回归分析。 所得到的信号可以用于控制产品中这些化合物的浓度达到所需的水平。

    Distributed bragg reflector diode laser for Raman excitation and method
for use
    10.
    发明授权
    Distributed bragg reflector diode laser for Raman excitation and method for use 失效
    用于拉曼激发的分布式布拉格反射二极管激光器和使用方法

    公开(公告)号:US5856869A

    公开(公告)日:1999-01-05

    申请号:US657481

    申请日:1996-05-29

    IPC分类号: G01N21/65 G01N33/28 G01J3/44

    CPC分类号: G01N21/65 G01N33/2835

    摘要: A distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) diode laser is used as excitation source for fiber optic Raman spectroscopy utilizing charge coupled device (CCD) detection and an image-corrected spectrograph. The DBR diode laser is superior to index guided diode lasers (Fabry-Perot) for elimination of mode hopping, elimination of frequency hysteresis as a function of both temperature and current changes, and reduction in laser broadband emission. These advantages allow the DBR laser to be used in industrial process control applications which are too demanding for index guided diode lasers.

    摘要翻译: 使用分布式布拉格反射器(DBR)二极管激光器作为利用电荷耦合器件(CCD)检测和图像校正光谱仪的光纤拉曼光谱的激发源。 DBR二极管激光器优于用于消除模式跳变的指数二极管激光器(Fabry-Perot),消除作为温度和电流变化的函数的频率滞后以及激光宽带发射的减少。 这些优点使得DBR激光器可用于工业过程控制应用中,这些应用对索引导向二极管激光器要求过高。