摘要:
Arrangement for the evaluation of fluorescence-based detection reactions in transparent specimen vessels, wherein the excitation and imaging of the fluorescence is carried out through the vessel bottom, and the specimens are introduced from above, wherein an adjustable cover is provided which closes the top of the specimen vessels and which has at least one opening for introducing specimens and which is positioned above the specimen vessels provided for filling only during the filling process and/or is opened only during the filling process.
摘要:
A three-phase current limiter (30) for an alternating current system includes an AC magnetic circuit having at least one AC coil (35R1, 35S1, 35T1) for each phase of a 3-phase AC supply wound on a saturable ferromagnetic core and configured to subject respective AC coils for each phase to a common magnetic flux, and a DC magnetic circuit (34a, 34b) for biasing the AC magnetic circuit into saturation at normal conditions. In use the AC coils are connected in series with a load and during alternate half cycles of the AC supply at least one of the AC coils produces a magnetic field that opposes a magnetic field of the DC magnetic circuit. The AC coils (35R, 35S, 35T) for each phase are configured so that at least one of the AC coils exhibits unbalanced magnetic impedance relative to remaining ones of the AC coils for each phase.
摘要:
A current limiting device (30, 40, 50, 60) comprising for each phase of an AC supply a closed magnetic core (31) of reduced volume and mass having first and second pairs of opposing limbs (32a, 32b; 33a, 33b), and at least one AC coil (35a, 35b) enclosing opposing limbs (33a, 33b) of the magnetic core (31) and adapted for series connection with a load. A non-superconducting DC bias coil (34) typically formed of copper encloses a limb (32a, 32b) of the magnetic core (31) for saturating each of the opposing limbs (33a, 33b) in opposite directions by the bias coil (34). Under fault conditions, the AC flux in at least one limb counteracts the DC bias flux, bringing the limb out of saturation. Preferably, current is reduced in the DC bias coils thus bringing both opposing limbs of the core out of saturation.
摘要:
A superconducting coil having form of pancake or double pancake wound of non-insulated superconducting wire (tape) with insulating layer between adjacent turns composed of epoxy resin filled with ceramic powder of high thermal conductivity. A superconducting coil composed of several pancakes and/or double pancakes and includes layers of said epoxy with or without additional spacers between adjacent pancakes. Pancakes or double pancakes as well as coils, consisting of several pancakes and/or double pancakes that have a solenoid form or racetrack or saddle forms.
摘要:
A method and converter topology for ensuring charge and discharge of electric current to a coil so as to allow simultaneous and independent charge and discharge thereof, particularly suitable for a superconducting coil and showing an increase in power transfer by a factor of up to two as compared with prior art converters.
摘要:
A three-phase current limiter (30) for an alternating current system includes an AC magnetic circuit having at least one AC coil (35R1, 35S1, 35T1) for each phase of a 3-phase AC supply wound on a saturable ferromagnetic core and configured to subject respective AC coils for each phase to a common magnetic flux, and a DC magnetic circuit (34a, 34b) for biasing the AC magnetic circuit into saturation at normal conditions. In use the AC coils are connected in series with a load and during alternate half cycles of the AC supply at least one of the AC coils produces a magnetic field that opposes a magnetic field of the DC magnetic circuit. The AC coils (35R, 35S, 35T) for each phase are configured so that at least one of the AC coils exhibits unbalanced magnetic impedance relative to remaining ones of the AC coils for each phase.
摘要:
A current limiting device (30, 40, 50, 60) comprising for each phase of an AC supply a closed magnetic core (31) of reduced volume and mass having first and second pairs of opposing limbs (32a, 32b; 33a, 33b), and at least one AC coil (35a, 35b) enclosing opposing limbs (33a, 33b) of the magnetic core (31) and adapted for series connection with a load. A superconducting DC bias coil (34) encloses a limb) (32a, 32b) of the magnetic core (31) for saturating each of the opposing limbs (33a, 33b) in opposite directions by the bias coil (34). Under fault conditions, the AC flux in at least one limb counteracts the DC bias flux, bringing the limb out of saturation. Preferably, current is reduced in the DC bias coils thus bringing both opposing limbs of the core out of saturation.
摘要:
A current limiting device (30, 40, 50, 60) comprising for each phase of an AC supply a closed magnetic core (31) of reduced volume and mass having first and second pairs of opposing limbs (32a, 32b; 33a, 33b), and at least one AC coil (35a, 35b) enclosing opposing limbs (33a, 33b) of the magnetic core (31) and adapted for series connection with a load. A superconducting DC bias coil (34) encloses a limb) (32a, 32b) of the magnetic core (31) for saturating each of the opposing limbs (33a, 33b) in opposite directions by the bias coil (34). Under fault conditions, the AC flux in at least one limb counteracts the DC bias flux, bringing the limb out of saturation. Preferably, current is reduced in the DC bias coils thus bringing both opposing limbs of the core out of saturation.
摘要:
A superconducting short circuit current limiter (40a) for an alternating current system includes AC reactors having superconducting direct current bias windings (4a, 4b) that at normal conditions maintain the reactor's cores in saturated state. There are at least two AC coils (3a, 3b) for each phase operating at opposite half periods or at both half periods. The reactor may also have an additional feedback coil (42a, 42b) that at least partly compensates for the bias field of the superconducting coil at fault conditions enhancing a limiting capacity of the reactor. The reactor's core can be configured for decreasing its dimensions and mass as compared with known devices and for decreasing core losses. High voltage/high current devices include several standard modules connected in series or/and in parallel. A positional relationship of the modules is defined for decreasing necessary numbers of Amp?re-turns of superconducting and non-superconducting coils.