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    METHOD FOR PREPARING SINGLE WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
    1.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR PREPARING SINGLE WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES 失效
    制备单壁碳纳米管的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080175786A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-07-24

    申请号：US11841952

    申请日：2007-08-20

    申请人： Xinjie Zhang ,  Jun Ma ,  Howard Tennent ,  Robert Hoch

    发明人： Xinjie Zhang ,  Jun Ma ,  Howard Tennent ,  Robert Hoch

    IPC分类号： D01F9/12

    CPC分类号： B82Y40/00 ,  B01J23/881 ,  B01J23/882 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/26 ,  C01B2202/30 ,  C01B2202/34 ,  Y10S977/843

    摘要： Methods of preparing single walled carbon nanotubes are provided. Carbon containing gas is contacted with a supported metal catalyst under reaction conditions to yield at least 90% single walled carbon nanotubes and at least 1 gram single walled carbon nanotubes/gram metal catalyst. The support material may be calcined at temperatures between 150 and 600° C., and may have at least one oxidized planar surface. Reaction conditions include less than 10 atmospheres pressure and less than 800° C.

    摘要翻译： 提供制备单壁碳纳米管的方法。 含碳气体在反应条件下与负载金属催化剂接触，得到至少90％的单壁碳纳米管和至少1克单壁碳纳米管/克金属催化剂。 支撑材料可以在150℃和600℃之间的温度下煅烧，并且可以具有至少一个氧化的平面表面。 反应条件包括小于10大气压和小于800℃

    Method for preparing single walled carbon nanotubes
    2.
    发明申请
    Method for preparing single walled carbon nanotubes 有权
    制备单壁碳纳米管的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20060239893A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-26

    申请号：US11281571

    申请日：2005-11-16

    申请人： Xinjie Zhang ,  Jun Ma ,  Howard Tennent ,  Robert Hoch

    发明人： Xinjie Zhang ,  Jun Ma ,  Howard Tennent ,  Robert Hoch

    IPC分类号： B01J23/00

    CPC分类号： B82Y40/00 ,  B01J23/881 ,  B01J23/882 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/26 ,  C01B2202/30 ,  C01B2202/34 ,  Y10S977/843

    摘要： Methods of preparing single walled carbon nanotubes are provided. Carbon containing gas is contacted with a supported metal catalyst under reaction conditions to yield at least 90% single walled carbon nanotubes and at least 1 gram single walled carbon nanotubes/gram metal catalyst. The support material may be calcined at temperatures between 150 and 600° C., and may have at least one oxidized planar surface. Reaction conditions include less than 10 atmospheres pressure and less than 800° C.

    摘要翻译： 提供制备单壁碳纳米管的方法。 含碳气体在反应条件下与负载金属催化剂接触，得到至少90％的单壁碳纳米管和至少1克单壁碳纳米管/克金属催化剂。 支撑材料可以在150℃和600℃之间的温度下煅烧，并且可以具有至少一个氧化的平面表面。 反应条件包括小于10大气压和小于800℃

    Method for preparing single walled carbon nanotubes
    4.
    发明授权
    Method for preparing single walled carbon nanotubes 有权
    制备单壁碳纳米管的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07862795B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-01-04

    申请号：US11281571

    申请日：2005-11-16

    申请人： Xinjie Zhang ,  Jun Ma ,  Howard Tennent ,  Robert Hoch

    发明人： Xinjie Zhang ,  Jun Ma ,  Howard Tennent ,  Robert Hoch

    IPC分类号： D01F9/12

    CPC分类号： B82Y40/00 ,  B01J23/881 ,  B01J23/882 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/26 ,  C01B2202/30 ,  C01B2202/34 ,  Y10S977/843

    摘要： Methods of preparing single walled carbon nanotubes are provided. Carbon containing gas is contacted with a supported metal catalyst under reaction conditions to yield at least 90% single walled carbon nanotubes and at least 1 gram single walled carbon nanotubes/gram metal catalyst. The support material may be calcined at temperatures between 150 and 600° C., and may have at least one oxidized planar surface. Reaction conditions include less than 10 atmospheres pressure and less than 800° C.

    摘要翻译： 提供制备单壁碳纳米管的方法。 含碳气体在反应条件下与负载金属催化剂接触，得到至少90％的单壁碳纳米管和至少1克单壁碳纳米管/克金属催化剂。 支撑材料可以在150℃和600℃之间的温度下煅烧，并且可以具有至少一个氧化的平面表面。 反应条件包括小于10大气压和小于800℃

    Method of performing sugar dehydration and catalyst treatment
    6.
    发明授权
    Method of performing sugar dehydration and catalyst treatment 失效
    糖脱水和催化剂处理方法

    公开(公告)号：US07728156B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-06-01

    申请号：US11342146

    申请日：2006-01-26

    申请人： Jianli Hu ,  Johnathan E. Holladay ,  Xinjie Zhang ,  Yong Wang

    发明人： Jianli Hu ,  Johnathan E. Holladay ,  Xinjie Zhang ,  Yong Wang

    IPC分类号： C07C29/00 ,  C07D315/00 ,  C07D493/00 ,  C07H1/00 ,  C07H17/00 ,  C07H5/04 ,  C07H1/06 ,  C13K5/00

    CPC分类号： C07H1/00

    摘要： The invention includes a method of treating a solid acid catalyst. After exposing the catalyst to a mixture containing a sugar alcohol, the catalyst is washed with an organic solvent and is then exposed to a second reaction mixture. The invention includes a process for production of anhydrosugar alcohol. A solid acid catalyst is provided to convert sugar alcohol in a first sample to an anhydrosugar alcohol. The catalyst is then washed with an organic solvent and is subsequently utilized to expose a second sample. The invention includes a method for selective production of an anhydrosugar. A solid acid catalyst is provided within a reactor and anhydrosugar alcohol is formed by flowing a starting sugar alcohol into the reactor. The acid catalyst is then exposed to an organic solvent which allows a greater amount of additional anhydrosugar to be produced than would occur without exposing the acid catalyst to the organic solvent.

    摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种处理固体酸催化剂的方法。 在将催化剂暴露于含有糖醇的混合物之后，用有机溶剂洗涤催化剂，然后暴露于第二反应混合物。 本发明包括生产脱水葡萄糖醇的方法。 提供固体酸催化剂以将第一样品中的糖醇转化为脱水葡萄糖醇。 然后将催化剂用有机溶剂洗涤，随后用于暴露第二个样品。 本发明包括选择性生产脱水糖的方法。 在反应器内提供固体酸催化剂，通过将起始糖醇流入反应器而形成脱水葡萄糖醇。 然后将酸催化剂暴露于有机溶剂，其允许比不会将酸催化剂暴露于有机溶剂而产生更多量的额外的脱水糖。

    Method of forming a dianhydrosugar alcohol
    7.
    发明授权
    Method of forming a dianhydrosugar alcohol 失效
    形成二脱水糖醇的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07649099B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-01-19

    申请号：US11341961

    申请日：2006-01-26

    申请人： Johnathan E. Holladay ,  Jianli Hu ,  Yong Wang ,  Todd A. Werpy ,  Xinjie Zhang

    发明人： Johnathan E. Holladay ,  Jianli Hu ,  Yong Wang ,  Todd A. Werpy ,  Xinjie Zhang

    IPC分类号： C07C29/00 ,  C07D315/00 ,  C07D493/00 ,  C07H1/00 ,  C07H17/00 ,  C07H5/04 ,  C07H1/06 ,  C13K5/00

    CPC分类号： C07D307/20 ,  C07D493/04 ,  Y02P20/127

    摘要： The invention includes methods of producing dianhydrosugars. A polyol is reacted in the presence of a first catalyst to form a monocyclic sugar. The monocyclic sugar is transferred to a second reactor where it is converted to a dianhydrosugar alcohol in the presence of a second catalyst. The invention includes a process of forming isosorbide. An initial reaction is conducted at a first temperature in the presence of a solid acid catalyst. The initial reaction involves reacting sorbitol to produce 1,4-sorbitan, 3,6-sorbitan, 2,5-mannitan and 2,5-iditan. Utilizing a second temperature, the 1,4-sorbitan and 3,6-sorbitan are converted to isosorbide. The invention includes a method of purifying isosorbide from a mixture containing isosorbide and at least one additional component. A first distillation removes a first portion of the isosorbide from the mixture. A second distillation is then conducted at a higher temperature to remove a second portion of isosorbide from the mixture.

    摘要翻译： 本发明包括生产二脱水甘油糖的方法。 多元醇在第一催化剂存在下反应形成单环糖。 将单环糖转移到第二反应器中，在第二反应器中，在第二催化剂的存在下将其转化为二脱水甘油醇。 本发明包括形成异山梨醇的方法。 在固体酸催化剂存在下，在第一温度下进行初始反应。 初始反应包括使山梨醇反应生成1,4-脱水山梨糖醇，3,6-脱水山梨糖醇，2,5-甘露聚糖和2,5-己烷。 利用第二温度，将1,4-脱水山梨醇和3,6-脱水山梨醇转化为异山梨醇。 本发明包括从含有异山梨醇和至少一种另外的组分的混合物中纯化异山梨醇的方法。 第一蒸馏从混合物中除去第一部分的异山梨醇。 然后在较高温度下进行第二次蒸馏以从混合物中除去第二部分的异山梨醇。

    Methods for dehydration of sugars and sugar alcohols
    8.
    发明授权
    Methods for dehydration of sugars and sugar alcohols 有权
    糖和糖醇脱水的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07772412B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-08-10

    申请号：US11341968

    申请日：2006-01-26

    申请人： Johnathan E. Holladay ,  Jianli Hu ,  Xinjie Zhang ,  Yong Wang

    发明人： Johnathan E. Holladay ,  Jianli Hu ,  Xinjie Zhang ,  Yong Wang

    IPC分类号： A61K31/34 ,  C07D493/04

    CPC分类号： C07D493/04

    摘要： The invention includes a method of dehydration of a sugar using a dehydration catalyst and a co-catalyst within a reactor. A sugar is introduced and H2 is flowed through the reactor at a pressure of less than or equal to about 300 psig to convert at least some of the sugar into an anhydrosugar product. The invention includes a process for producing isosorbide. A starting material comprising sorbitol is flowed into a reactor. H2 is counter flowed through the reactor. The starting material is exposed to a catalyst in the presence of a co-catalyst which comprises at least one metal. The exposing is conducted at a hydrogen pressure of less than or equal to 300 psig within the reactor and the hydrogen removes at least some of any water present during the exposing and inhibits formation of colored byproducts.

    摘要翻译： 本发明包括使用反应器内的脱水催化剂和助催化剂使糖脱水的方法。 引入糖并且H2以小于或等于约300psig的压力流过反应器，以将至少一些糖转化为脱水糖产品。 本发明包括制备异山梨醇的方法。 将含有山梨醇的原料流入反应器。 H2反向流过反应器。 在包含至少一种金属的助催化剂的存在下，将原料暴露于催化剂。 暴露在反应器内在小于或等于300psig的氢气压力下进行，并且氢去除暴露期间存在的任何水中的至少一些，并且抑制着色副产物的形成。

    Methods for dehydration of sugars
    9.
    发明申请
    Methods for dehydration of sugars 有权
    糖脱水方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070173654A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-07-26

    申请号：US11341968

    申请日：2006-01-26

    申请人： Johnathan Holladay ,  Jianli Hu ,  Xinjie Zhang ,  Yong Wang

    发明人： Johnathan Holladay ,  Jianli Hu ,  Xinjie Zhang ,  Yong Wang

    IPC分类号： C07D493/02

    CPC分类号： C07D493/04

    摘要： The invention includes a method of dehydration of a sugar using a dehydration catalyst and a co-catalyst within a reactor. A sugar is introduced and H2 is flowed through the reactor at a pressure of less than or equal to about 300 psig to convert at least some of the sugar into an anhydrosugar product. The invention includes a process for producing isosorbide. A starting material comprising sorbitol is flowed into a reactor. H2 is counter flowed through the reactor. The starting material is exposed to a catalyst in the presence of a co-catalyst which comprises at least one metal. The exposing is conducted at a hydrogen pressure of less than or equal to 300 psig within the reactor and the hydrogen removes at least some of any water present during the exposing and inhibits formation of colored byproducts.

    摘要翻译： 本发明包括使用反应器内的脱水催化剂和助催化剂使糖脱水的方法。 引入糖，并且H 2 O 2以小于或等于约300psig的压力流过反应器，以将至少一些糖转化为脱水糖产物。 本发明包括制备异山梨醇的方法。 将含有山梨醇的原料流入反应器。 H 2反向流过反应器。 在包含至少一种金属的助催化剂的存在下，将原料暴露于催化剂。 暴露在反应器内在小于或等于300psig的氢气压力下进行，并且氢去除暴露期间存在的任何水中的至少一些，并且抑制着色副产物的形成。

    Method of performing sugar dehydration and catalyst treatment
    10.
    发明申请
    Method of performing sugar dehydration and catalyst treatment 失效
    糖脱水和催化剂处理方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070173653A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-07-26

    申请号：US11342146

    申请日：2006-01-26

    申请人： Jianli Hu ,  Johnathan Holladay ,  Xinjie Zhang ,  Yong Wang

    发明人： Jianli Hu ,  Johnathan Holladay ,  Xinjie Zhang ,  Yong Wang

    IPC分类号： C07D311/22

    CPC分类号： C07H1/00

    摘要： The invention includes a method of treating a solid acid catalyst. After exposing the catalyst to a mixture containing a sugar alcohol, the catalyst is washed with an organic solvent and is then exposed to a second reaction mixture. The invention includes a process for production of anhydrosugar alcohol. A solid acid catalyst is provided to convert sugar alcohol in a first sample to an anhydrosugar alcohol. The catalyst is then washed with an organic solvent and is subsequently utilized to expose a second sample. The invention includes a method for selective production of an anhydrosugar. A solid acid catalyst is provided within a reactor and anhydrosugar alcohol is formed by flowing a starting sugar alcohol into the reactor. The acid catalyst is then exposed to an organic solvent which allows a greater amount of additional anhydrosugar to be produced than would occur without exposing the acid catalyst to the organic solvent.

    摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种处理固体酸催化剂的方法。 在将催化剂暴露于含有糖醇的混合物之后，用有机溶剂洗涤催化剂，然后暴露于第二反应混合物。 本发明包括生产脱水葡萄糖醇的方法。 提供固体酸催化剂以将第一样品中的糖醇转化为脱水葡萄糖醇。 然后将催化剂用有机溶剂洗涤，随后用于暴露第二个样品。 本发明包括选择性生产脱水糖的方法。 在反应器内提供固体酸催化剂，通过将起始糖醇流入反应器而形成脱水葡萄糖醇。 然后将酸催化剂暴露于有机溶剂，其允许比不会将酸催化剂暴露于有机溶剂而产生更多量的额外的脱水糖。