摘要:
A method of diffusing selectively aluminium into a single crystal silicon semiconductor substrate for fabricating a semiconductor device comprises the steps of forming a diffusion source layer of aluminium having a predetermined thickness on at least one of the major surfaces of the substrate in a predetermined pattern, forming an oxide film of a predetermined thickness through oxidation over the surface of the diffusion source layer and the exposed surface of the substrate, and heating the substrate inclusive of the exposed surface thereof and the diffusion source layer thereby to diffuse aluminium into the substrate. The thickness of the oxide film is so selected as to suppress vaporization of the aluminium and at the same time to be used as a diffusion mask without giving rise to crystallization into a cristobalite structure. The method allows the pattern of boundary between the diffused regions and non-diffused regions as well as concentration profile of the diffused region to be controlled in a desired manner with a high accuracy.
摘要:
A semiconductor device for use as a surge arrester of NPN (or PNP) construction, in which two NPN (or PNP) elements having different avalanche breakdown voltages are so formed that at least the intermediate layers among three layers constituting such sections are continuously connected within the same semiconductive substrate.Carriers generated in the NPN (or PNP) element, which triggers avalanche at a low voltage, cause the NPN (or PNP) element having a higher avalanche breakdown voltage to be switched to a highly conductive state.The semiconductor device of the invention provides great surge capacity, and can be used as a surge arrester of increased reliability.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising preparing a semiconductor substrate which includes at least three semiconductor layers of alternately different conductivity types and in which one of the semiconductor layers is divided into a plurality of respectively independent regions on each of which an electrode film is provided. When one of the regions of the semiconductor layer is found defective, a substantial portion of the electrode film provided on the defective region is removed by trimming to lower the surface level of the electrode film relative to the others.
摘要:
In the image forming process of the present invention wherein a toner is fixed on an electrophotographic image-receiving sheet using a belt fixing and smoothing device, the relationship among the temperature of a heating and fixing roller, the melting point of a toner wax, and the glass transition point of a toner binder, the relationship among the temperature of a heating and fixing roller, the melting point of a wax in the image-receiving layer, and the glass transition point of a binder in the image-receiving layer, and the relationship between the polar components of surface free energy of the toner-image-receiving layer before and after image fixing are optimized. The present invention is to prevent offset in the toner and the toner-image-receiving layer of the electrophotographic image-receiving sheet upon releasing of the belt and to avoid deterioration in image quality especially in operation over the long run.
摘要:
A method for determining a termination time of the step of dispersing a coating composition for a photosensitive layer, containing a binder resin, a powdery charge generating material and a solvent, is disclosed, which comprises (i) providing coating (I) on a substrate by coating the coating composition, following by drying, (ii) providing coating (II) on a substrate by dispersing the coating composition using a dispersion medium to fine the powdery charge generating material, followed by drying, (iii) measuring absorbances of coating (I) at two wavelengths within a short wavelength region and a long wavelength region, respectively, of the spectral absorption wavelength of the charge generating material, (iv) measuring absorbances of coating (II) at the two wavelengthes within the short wavelength region and the long wavelength region, respectively, and (v) calculating spectral absorbance ratios of coatings (I) and (II), respectively, from the following equation: ##EQU1## wherein the dispersing of the coating composition is terminated when the ratio of the spectral absorbance ratio of coating (II) to that of coating (I) exceed a predetermined value.
摘要:
An electrophotographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, which comprises a conductive support having formed thereon, in succession, a charge generating layer and a charge transfer layer, wherein the charge generating layer comprises a binder resin containing therein a positive hole-transferring charge generating pigment and a specific dicyanovinyl compound or coumarin compound. An image forming process using the electrophotographic light-sensitive material is also disclosed.
摘要:
Provided is an image forming process which can effectively suppress the occurrence of separation electrification between a belt surface layer and an image-receiving layer of an electrophotographic image-receiving sheet at a cooling and separation unit, prevent dust from adsorbing to charges at each surface thereof, and print high quality images having near-photographic quality, in which a belt-fixing smoothing device having a heating and pressuring member, a belt member, a cooling device, and a cooling and separating unit is used to conduct fixing treatment to an electrophotographic image-receiving sheet. In this case, a surface resistivity (SR1) of one side of the image-receiving sheet on which an image is formed satisfies the formula 1.0×109 Ω/cm2≦SR1≦1.0×1014 Ω/cm2, and a surface resistivity (SR2) of one side of the belt member which becomes in contact with the image satisfies the formula SR2≦1.0×1014 Ω/cm2.
摘要翻译:提供一种能够有效地抑制在冷却和分离单元处的电子照相图像接收片的带表面层和图像接收层之间的分离带电的发生的图像形成处理,防止灰尘吸附在每个表面的电荷 并且打印具有接近照相质量的高质量图像,其中使用具有加热和加压构件的带固定平滑装置,带构件,冷却装置和冷却和分离单元来进行电子照相的定影处理 图像接收表。 在这种情况下,其上形成图像的图像接收片的一侧的表面电阻率(SR1)满足公式1.0×10 9Ω/ cm 2 <= SR1 <= 1.0×10 14Ω / cm 2,并且与图像接触的带部件的一侧的表面电阻率(SR2)满足公式SR2 <= 1.0×10 14ΩΩ/ cm 2。
摘要:
In a fuser, a cooling structure (5) is disposed so that a bend angle (&agr;) of a part bent during the time between an endless belt (3) coming in contact with a press cooling face (5a) of the cooling structure (5) and exiting from the press cooling face (5a) is placed in the range of 0° C.
摘要:
A novel method for preparing an electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, which comprises laminating a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer in this order on an electrically conductive substrate via an undercoating layer, wherein the coating solution for said undercoating layer contains an alkoxide coupling agent represented by formula (I), an aliphatic alcohol solvent containing at least the same number of carbon atoms as in the alkoxy group in said alkoxide coupling agent, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic solvents, ethylene glycols and propylene glycols:X.sub.m --m--(OR.sub.1).sub.N (I)wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; M represents Si, Ti, Zr or Al; X represents an organic group; m represents an integer of 0, 1 or 2; and n represents an integer of 1 to 4, provided that when M is Si, Ti or Zr, n is an integer of 1 to 4 and m is an integer of (4-n) and when M is Al, n is an integer of 1 to 3 and m is an integer of (3-n).
摘要:
In a fuser, a cooling structure (5) is disposed so that a bend angle (&agr;) of apart bent during the time between an endless belt (3) coming in contact with a press cooling face (5a) of the cooling structure (5) and exiting from the press cooling face (5a) is placed in the range of 0° C.