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公开(公告)号：US4873071A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-10
申请号：US187436
申请日：1988-04-28
CPC分类号： C01B31/04 , C04B38/0022 , C01P2006/11
摘要： A graphite structure, which is of light weight and excellent elasticity and has a packing density of 0.5 g/cm.sup.3 or lower and a recovery of 50% or higher at a compressibility of 10 to 90%, is obtained by treating a carbonaceous material with nitric acid or a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids and, then, heat-treating the obtained product at a temperature of 2,400.degree. C. or higher to graphitize the same.
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2.发明授权Pitch-based carbon fibers and pitch compositions and precursor fibers therefor 失效沥青基碳纤维和沥青组合物及其前体纤维
公开(公告)号：US4590055A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-20
申请号：US525702
申请日：1983-08-23
摘要： The invention provides carbon fibers having mechanical properties equival to or even better than those of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers from a bituminous material, e.g. coal tar pitch, as the starting material. The starting pitch is first partially hydrogenated in tetrahydroquinoline under specific conditions followed by a heat treatment to give a pitch composition suitable for spinning which can be characterized by several parameters including the proportions of the carbons and hydrogens having different chemical shifts in the NMR analysis. The pitch composition for spinning is then subjected to spinning under specific conditions including the temperature condition for controlling the viscosity behavior of the molten pitch composition determined by use of the Andrade's equation and the pitch filament is then infusibilized in an oxidative atmosphere and carbonized in an inert atmosphere into carbon fibers having a tensile strength of at least 200 kg/mm.sup.2 and a tensile modulus of at least 10 tons/mm.sup.2.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供具有与来自沥青材料的聚丙烯腈基碳纤维相当或甚至更好的机械性能的碳纤维，例如沥青。 煤焦油沥青，作为原料。 起始沥青在特定条件下首先在四氢喹啉中部分氢化，接着进行热处理，得到适用于纺丝的沥青组合物，其可以通过几个参数来表征，包括在NMR分析中具有不同化学位移的碳和氢的比例。 然后将纺丝沥青组合物在特定条件下进行纺丝，包括用于通过使用安德拉德方程确定的用于控制熔融沥青组合物的粘度行为的温度条件，然后将沥青丝在氧化气氛中不熔化并以惰性碳化 气氛变成具有至少200kg / mm 2的拉伸强度和至少10吨/ mm 2的拉伸模量的碳纤维。
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公开(公告)号：US3956436A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-11
申请号：US348224
申请日：1973-04-05
CPC分类号： F16J15/3496 , C01B31/00 , C04B35/528 , Y10S376/90 , Y10T428/30
摘要： Micro-beads having a carbonaceous structure are produced by a process comsing heating pitch at about 350-500.degree.C to form optically anisotropic spherules, extracting the resulting spherules with an organic solvent to remove substantially all remaining pitch therefrom, and then carbonizing the pitch-free spherules in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The optically anisotropic micro-beads substantially free of pitch can be shaped to a desired form and then carbonized to produce a shaped carbonaceous structure. If the carbonizing temperature is above about 1500.degree.C, a graphite crystalline structure results.
摘要翻译： 具有碳质结构的微珠通过包括在约350-500℃下加热沥青以形成光学各向异性小球的方法制备，用有机溶剂萃取所得的小球，以基本上除去剩余的沥青，然后将沥青 - 在非氧化气氛中的游离小球。 基本上不含沥青的光学各向异性微珠可以成形为所需形状，然后碳化以产生成形的碳质结构。 如果碳化温度高于约1500℃，则会产生石墨晶体结构。
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公开(公告)号：US4818449A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-04
申请号：US818499
申请日：1986-01-13
IPC分类号： D01F9/14 , C10C1/00 , D01D4/02 , D01D4/06 , D01F6/00 , D01F9/00 , D01F9/155 , D01F9/32 , D01F9/12
摘要： When preparing carbon fibers from mesophase pitches, we usually encounter to the formation of cracks along the fiber axis. The crack formation is the most serious and troublesome problem. A simple process which can effectively prevent the crack formation comprises preparing the carbon fibers from mesophase pitches by melt spinning sufficient only to give a rotatory motion to the molten mesophase pitches just before extrusion substantially around the axis of a spinning nozzle hole. The process employs a usual nozzle plate having a pitch introducing tube and a spinning nozzle hole further containing a plug member having an outer spiral groove such as a drill point or a worm gear which is inserted within the pitch introducing tube.
摘要翻译： 当从中间相沥青制备碳纤维时，我们通常会遇到沿着纤维轴形成裂纹。 裂缝形成是最严重和最麻烦的问题。 可以有效地防止裂纹形成的简单方法包括通过熔融纺丝从中间相沥青制备碳纤维，其仅足以在基本上围绕纺丝喷嘴孔的轴线挤出之前对熔融的中间相沥青进行旋转运动。 该方法采用具有沥青引入管和纺丝喷嘴孔的通常喷嘴板，该喷嘴孔还包含插入在沥青引入管中的具有诸如钻头或蜗轮的外螺旋槽的塞构件。
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公开(公告)号：US4606808A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-19
申请号：US603203
申请日：1984-04-23
申请人： Yasuhiro Yamada , Takeshi Imamura , Masao Shibata , Seiji Arita , Hidemasa Honda
发明人： Yasuhiro Yamada , Takeshi Imamura , Masao Shibata , Seiji Arita , Hidemasa Honda
摘要： The invention provides a method for the preparation of a pitch spinnable into pitch filaments as a precursor of carbon fibers starting from a pitch material such as coal tar and coal tar pitch. Different from the conventional procedure involving hydrogenation of the starting pitch, the starting pitch in the inventive method is first heated together with an aromatic oil, preferably, in the presence of a cracking catalyst such as silica-alumina and zeolite at 350.degree. to 500.degree. C. for 10 to 60 minutes under no pressurization with hydrogen and, after removal of insoluble materials, then heated at a temperature of 430.degree. to 600.degree. C. The thus obtained pitch for spinning has good spinnability and the carbon fibers prepared from the pitch have a unique microscopic structure and excellent physical properties exceeding by far the conventional pitch-based carbon fibers and approximating the HP-grade carbon fibers prepared from polyacrylonitrile fibers.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种从沥青材料如煤焦油和煤焦油沥青开始制备作为碳纤维前体的沥青可旋转成沥青长丝的方法。 与起始沥青氢化的常规方法不同，首先将本发明方法中的起始沥青与芳烃油一起加热，优选在350至500℃的裂化催化剂如二氧化硅 - 氧化铝和沸石的存在下进行。 在不用氢气加压下进行10至60分钟，并且在除去不溶物之后，然后在430℃至600℃的温度下加热。由此得到的纺丝沥青具有良好的可纺性，并且由间距制备的碳纤维 具有独特的微观结构和优异的物理性能，超过了传统的沥青基碳纤维，并且接近由聚丙烯腈纤维制备的HP级碳纤维。
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公开(公告)号：US5188894A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-23
申请号：US575955
申请日：1990-08-31
CPC分类号： D01F9/145 , D01F8/18 , Y10T428/2918 , Y10T428/2922 , Y10T428/2924 , Y10T428/2929 , Y10T428/2931
摘要： Disclosed herein is curled or uncurled composite carbon fiber which comprises part of optically isotropic carbon fiber and balance of optically anisotropic one and a process for preparing the same. The composite carbon fiber possesses the excellent characteristics by complementing the respective defects by means of the respective characteristics of the both kinds of the carbon fiber.
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公开(公告)号：US4189373A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-19
申请号：US954107
申请日：1978-10-24
申请人： Hidemasa Honda , Yasuhiro Yamada , Hitoo Kakiyama
发明人： Hidemasa Honda , Yasuhiro Yamada , Hitoo Kakiyama
CPC分类号： C10L1/322
摘要： An ashless liquid fuel of good quality is produced by mixing powdery coal with a pitch having a C/H ratio of from 0.90 to 1.20 in an amount of at least 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the powdery coal, subjecting the mixture to a heat treatment conducted at from 400.degree. to 450.degree. C. and thereafter, removing a solid coagulated material formed in the treated product. The pitch having an atomic ratio C/H in the range from 0.90 to 1.20 is obtained by the heat treatment of a residual oil in the distillation of crude oils.
摘要翻译： 通过将粉煤与C / H比为0.90〜1.20的沥青以相对于100重量份的粉煤为至少50重量份的量混合来制备质量好的无灰液体燃料， 进行400〜450℃的热处理，然后除去处理物中形成的固体凝固物。 原子比C / H在0.90〜1.20范围内的沥青是通过对原油蒸馏中的残油进行热处理得到的。
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公开(公告)号：US4040941A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-09
申请号：US632656
申请日：1975-11-17
申请人： Yasuhiro Yamada , Hidemasa Honda , Hitoo Kakiyama
发明人： Yasuhiro Yamada , Hidemasa Honda , Hitoo Kakiyama
IPC分类号： C10G1/04
CPC分类号： C10G1/04
摘要： A process for liquefying coal to produce liquid fuel and pitch-like substes suitable as starting materials for various carbonaceous materials, which process comprises incorporating powdery coal with a heavy oil of petroleum series having a high carbon content of at least 0.9 in terms of the atomic ratio C/H in an amount of at least 50 parts by weight per 100 parts of the powdery coal, subjecting the mixture to a heat treatment conducted at 320.degree.-400.degree. C for 0.5-10 hours thereby liquefying the coal.
摘要翻译： 一种用于液化煤以生产液体燃料和沥青样物质的方法，其适用于各种碳质材料的起始材料，该方法包括将粉煤与具有至少0.9的高碳含量的石油系列重金属原子 相对于100重量份粉末煤，C / H比为至少50重量份，在320〜400℃下进行0.5-10小时的热处理，使煤液化。
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公开(公告)号：US4046863A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-06
申请号：US601609
申请日：1975-08-04
IPC分类号： C01B31/04 , C04B35/52 , C04B35/528
CPC分类号： C04B35/52 , C04B35/528
摘要： A process for the production of shaped articles of high density graphite ing excellent mold-releasing property which comprises incorporating amorphous carbon powder such as powdery coke or artificial graphite powder with about 3-20% by weight of boric acid or boron oxide as a sintering-promoting agent, and baking the mixture under a pressure of 150-500 kg/cm.sup.2 without the aid of a binding agent such as pitch. Shaped articles of high density graphite possessing excellent mechanical strength are obtained by this process.
摘要翻译： 一种生产具有优异的脱模性能的高密度石墨成型制品的方法，其包括将无定形碳粉末如粉末状焦炭或人造石墨粉末掺入约3-20重量％的硼酸或氧化硼作为烧结 - 促进剂，并且在150-500kg / cm 2的压力下，无需借助诸如沥青的粘结剂来烘烤该混合物。 通过该方法获得具有优异机械强度的高密度石墨的成型制品。
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