公开(公告)号：US20100159305A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-24

申请号：US11376768

申请日：2006-03-15

申请人： Yushan Yan ,  Xin Wang ,  Wenzhen Li ,  Mahesh Waje ,  Zhongwei Chen ,  William Goddard ,  Wei-Qiao Deng

发明人： Yushan Yan ,  Xin Wang ,  Wenzhen Li ,  Mahesh Waje ,  Zhongwei Chen ,  William Goddard ,  Wei-Qiao Deng

IPC分类号： H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/88

CPC分类号： H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  Y02E60/523

摘要： Novel proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells with nanostructured components are configured with higher precious metal utilization rate at the electrodes, higher power density, and lower cost. To form a catalyst, platinum or platinum-ruthenium nanoparticles are deposited onto carbon-based materials, for example, single-walled, dual-walled, multi-walled and cup-stacked carbon nanotubes. The deposition process includes an ethylene glycol reduction method. Aligned arrays of these carbon nanomaterials are prepared by filtering the nanomaterials with ethanol. A membrane electrode assembly is formed by sandwiching the catalyst between a proton exchange membrane and a diffusion layer that form a first electrode. The second electrode may be formed using a conventional catalyst. The several layers of the MEA are hot pressed to form an integrated unit. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells are developed by stacking the membrane electrode assemblies in a conventional manner.

摘要翻译： 新型质子交换膜燃料电池和具有纳米结构组分的直接甲醇燃料电池配置在电极上的贵金属利用率更高，功率密度更高，成本更低。 为了形成催化剂，将铂或铂 - 钌纳米颗粒沉积在碳基材料上，例如单壁，双壁，多壁和杯堆叠碳纳米管。 沉积工艺包括乙二醇还原法。 通过用乙醇过滤纳米材料来制备这些碳纳米材料的对准阵列。 通过将催化剂夹在质子交换膜和形成第一电极的扩散层之间形成膜电极组件。 第二电极可以使用常规的催化剂形成。 MEA的几层被热压形成一个集成的单元。 质子交换膜燃料电池和直接甲醇燃料电池通过以常规方式堆叠膜电极组件来开发。

公开(公告)号：US08247136B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-21

申请号：US11376768

申请日：2006-03-15

申请人： Yushan Yan ,  Xin Wang ,  Wenzhen Li ,  Mahesh Waje ,  Zhongwei Chen ,  William Goddard ,  Wei-Qiao Deng

发明人： Yushan Yan ,  Xin Wang ,  Wenzhen Li ,  Mahesh Waje ,  Zhongwei Chen ,  William Goddard ,  Wei-Qiao Deng

IPC分类号： H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/36 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/00 ,  B05D5/12

CPC分类号： H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  Y02E60/523

摘要： Novel proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells with nanostructured components are configured with higher precious metal utilization rate at the electrodes, higher power density, and lower cost. To form a catalyst, platinum or platinum-ruthenium nanoparticles are deposited onto carbon-based materials, for example, single-walled, dual-walled, multi-walled and cup-stacked carbon nanotubes. The deposition process includes an ethylene glycol reduction method. Aligned arrays of these carbon nanomaterials are prepared by filtering the nanomaterials with ethanol. A membrane electrode assembly is formed by sandwiching the catalyst between a proton exchange membrane and a diffusion layer that form a first electrode. The second electrode may be formed using a conventional catalyst. The several layers of the MEA are hot pressed to form an integrated unit. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells are developed by stacking the membrane electrode assemblies in a conventional manner.

摘要翻译： 新型质子交换膜燃料电池和具有纳米结构组分的直接甲醇燃料电池配置在电极上的贵金属利用率更高，功率密度更高，成本更低。 为了形成催化剂，将铂或铂 - 钌纳米颗粒沉积在碳基材料上，例如单壁，双壁，多壁和杯堆叠碳纳米管。 沉积工艺包括乙二醇还原法。 通过用乙醇过滤纳米材料来制备这些碳纳米材料的对准阵列。 通过将催化剂夹在质子交换膜和形成第一电极的扩散层之间形成膜电极组件。 第二电极可以使用常规的催化剂形成。 MEA的几层被热压形成一个集成的单元。 质子交换膜燃料电池和直接甲醇燃料电池通过以常规方式堆叠膜电极组件来开发。

公开(公告)号：US20130164652A1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-27

申请号：US13478901

申请日：2012-05-23

申请人： Yushan Yan ,  Xin Wang ,  Wenzhen Li ,  Mahesh Waje ,  Zhongwei Chen ,  William Goddard ,  Wei-Qiao Deng

发明人： Yushan Yan ,  Xin Wang ,  Wenzhen Li ,  Mahesh Waje ,  Zhongwei Chen ,  William Goddard ,  Wei-Qiao Deng

IPC分类号： H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  Y02E60/523

摘要： Novel proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells with nanostructured components are configured with higher precious metal utilization rate at the electrodes, higher power density, and lower cost. To form a catalyst, platinum or platinum-ruthenium nanoparticles are deposited onto carbon-based materials, for example, single-walled, dual-walled, multi-walled and cup-stacked carbon nanotubes. The deposition process includes an ethylene glycol reduction method. Aligned arrays of these carbon nanomaterials are prepared by filtering the nanomaterials with ethanol. A membrane electrode assembly is formed by sandwiching the catalyst between a proton exchange membrane and a diffusion layer that form a first electrode. The second electrode may be formed using a conventional catalyst. The several layers of the MEA are hot pressed to form an integrated unit. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells are developed by stacking the membrane electrode assemblies in a conventional manner.

摘要翻译： 新型质子交换膜燃料电池和具有纳米结构组分的直接甲醇燃料电池配置在电极上的贵金属利用率更高，功率密度更高，成本更低。 为了形成催化剂，将铂或铂 - 钌纳米颗粒沉积在碳基材料上，例如单壁，双壁，多壁和杯堆叠碳纳米管。 沉积工艺包括乙二醇还原法。 通过用乙醇过滤纳米材料来制备这些碳纳米材料的对准阵列。 通过将催化剂夹在质子交换膜和形成第一电极的扩散层之间形成膜电极组件。 第二电极可以使用常规的催化剂形成。 MEA的几层被热压形成一个集成的单元。 质子交换膜燃料电池和直接甲醇燃料电池通过以常规方式堆叠膜电极组件来开发。

公开(公告)号：US20050243952A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-03

申请号：US11105892

申请日：2005-04-14

申请人： Wenzhen Li

发明人： Wenzhen Li

IPC分类号： H04B1/40 ,  H04L27/06

CPC分类号： H04B1/40 ,  H04B1/0003

摘要： A receiver for a software defined radio system comprises an input stage for receiving a transmitted signal, an analogue-to-digital converter having a sample rate, a filter matched to the received transmitted signal, and a sample rate converter for converting the digital signal output from the filter from an input sequence having the sample rate of the analogue-to-digital converter to an output sequence having an output sample rate defined by the received transmitted signal. The input and output sequences comprise respectively a number of input samples and a number of output samples. A controller controls the output sample rate and a demodulator coupled to the output of the sample rate converter recovers the transmitted signal. The sample rate converter is implemented by a transposed Farrow structure. The controller is arranged to reset the output sequence from the sample rate converter when any one of said number of input samples and any one of said number of output samples pass through coincidence in time.

摘要翻译： 用于软件定义无线电系统的接收机包括用于接收发送信号的输入级，具有采样率的模数转换器，与接收到的发送信号匹配的滤波器，以及用于将数字信号输出 从具有模拟 - 数字转换器的采样率的输入序列的滤波器到具有由接收的发送信号定义的输出采样率的输出序列。 输入和输出序列分别包括多个输入样本和多个输出样本。 控制器控制输出采样率，并且耦合到采样率转换器的输出的解调器恢复所发送的信号。 采样率转换器由转置的Farrow结构实现。 控制器被布置成当所述数量的输入样本和所述输出样本数目中的任何一个在时间上一致时，从采样率转换器复位输出序列。

公开(公告)号：US20070116141A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-24

申请号：US11594994

申请日：2006-11-09

申请人： Wenzhen Li ,  Zhongjun Wang ,  Yanxin Yan ,  Masayuki Tomisawa

发明人： Wenzhen Li ,  Zhongjun Wang ,  Yanxin Yan ,  Masayuki Tomisawa

IPC分类号： H04K1/10 ,  H03D1/00 ,  H04B1/10

CPC分类号： H04L25/03292 ,  H04B1/7163 ,  H04L25/03159 ,  H04L27/2647

摘要： A system for performing LS equalization on a signal in an OFDM system comprises a receiver stage for receiving a modulated signal, a demodulation stage for demodulating the received modulated signal to produce a demodulated signal, a channel estimation stage for processing the demodulated signal to provide an output signal corresponding to a channel frequency response and an equalization stage arranged to process the output signal from the channel estimation stage to produce a channel state information signal. The equalization stage is arranged to use the channel state information signal to operate on the demodulated signal from the demodulation stage to produce an equalized demodulated output signal. There is also disclosed a method for performing LS equalization on a signal in an OFDM system.

摘要翻译： 用于在OFDM系统中对信号执行LS均衡的系统包括用于接收调制信号的接收机级，用于解调所接收的调制信号以产生解调信号的解调级，用于处理解调信号以提供解调信号的信道估计级 对应于信道频率响应的输出信号和均衡级，被配置为处理来自信道估计级的输出信号以产生信道状态信息信号。 均衡级被设置为使用信道状态信息信号对来自解调级的解调信号进行操作，以产生均衡的解调输出信号。 还公开了一种在OFDM系统中对信号执行LS均衡的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20060248133A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-02

申请号：US11401671

申请日：2006-04-11

申请人： Wenzhen Li

发明人： Wenzhen Li

IPC分类号： G06F15/00

CPC分类号： H04B1/40 ,  H03H17/028 ,  H03H17/0642 ,  H04L7/0029

摘要： There is provided a transposed Farrow structure for a receiver for a Software Defined Radio (SDR) system, a feedforward synchronizer for an SDR receiver comprising such a transposed Farrow structure and a method for processing a received signal in an SDR receiver. The transposed Farrow structure is arranged to implement: a) sample rate conversion (SRC) for converting a received signal r having a sampling rate of 1/T1 to a transmitted signal y having a sampling rate of 1/T2 b) timing adjustment using an estimated timing error τ; and c) matched filtering of the received signal. The feedforward synchronizer includes the transposed Farrow structure and a feedforward estimator for generating an estimated timing error τ. The method includes the steps of performing, in the transposed Farrow structure, sample rate conversion (SRC) for converting received signal r having a sampling rate of 1/T1 to a transmitted signal y having a sampling rate of 1/T2; performing, in the transposed Farrow structure, timing adjustment using an estimated timing error τ; and performing, in the transposed Farrow structure, matched filtering of the received signal.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于软件定义无线电（SDR）系统的接收机的转置Farrow结构，用于包括这种转置的Farrow结构的SDR接收机的前馈同步器以及用于处理SDR接收机中的接收信号的方法。 转置的Farrow结构被设置为实现：a）采样率转换（SRC），用于将采样率为1 / T 1 1的接收信号r转换成采样率为1的发送信号y b）使用估计的定时误差τ进行定时调整; 和c）对接收信号进行匹配滤波。 前馈同步器包括转置的Farrow结构和用于产生估计的定时误差τ的前馈估计器。 该方法包括以下步骤：在转置的Farrow结构中，采样率转换（SRC）用于将具有1 / T 1 1采样率的接收信号r转换成具有采样率的发送信号y 1 / T 2 2; 在转置的Farrow结构中，使用估计的定时误差τn执行定时调整; 并且在转置的Farrow结构中执行对接收信号的匹配滤波。

公开(公告)号：US20050185743A1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-25

申请号：US11034571

申请日：2005-01-13

申请人： Wenzhen Li

发明人： Wenzhen Li

IPC分类号： H04B1/10 ,  H04L7/04 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04L25/03 ,  H04L27/00

CPC分类号： H04L7/042 ,  H04L7/046 ,  H04L2025/0349 ,  H04L2025/03509 ,  H04L2025/03617 ,  H04L2027/003 ,  H04W16/14

摘要： An apparatus provides burst and timing synchronization of an input signal used for high-rate indoor wireless communication, comprising. A burst synchronizer (20) is arranged to detect the onset of a burst of the input signal and provides an onset indicator. A frequency offset corrector (12) is arranged to correct the frequency offset between adjacent preamble sequences of frames within the burst of the input signal based on the onset indicator and provides a frequency offset corrected signal. A timing synchronizer (30) is arranged to detect the timing of first symbol of first frame of the frequency offset corrected signal, and provides a timing indicator. An equalizer (40) is arranged to remove inter-symbol interference from the frequency offset corrected signal based on the timing indicator.

摘要翻译： 一种装置提供用于高速率室内无线通信的输入信号的突发和定时同步，包括。 突发同步器（20）被布置成检测输入信号的突发的开始并提供启动指示符。 频率偏移校正器（12）被布置成基于开始指示符校正输入信号的突发内的帧的相邻前导码序列之间的频率偏移，并提供频率偏移校正信号。 定时同步器（30）被配置为检测频偏校正信号的第一帧的第一符号的定时，并提供定时指示符。 均衡器（40）被布置成基于定时指示器从频偏校正信号中去除符号间干扰。

公开(公告)号：US07953164B2

公开(公告)日：2011-05-31

申请号：US11594994

申请日：2006-11-09

申请人： Wenzhen Li ,  Zhongjun Wang ,  Yanxin Yan ,  Masayuki Tomisawa

发明人： Wenzhen Li ,  Zhongjun Wang ,  Yanxin Yan ,  Masayuki Tomisawa

IPC分类号： H04L27/28

CPC分类号： H04L25/03292 ,  H04B1/7163 ,  H04L25/03159 ,  H04L27/2647

摘要： A system for performing LS equalization on a signal in an OFDM system comprises a receiver stage for receiving a modulated signal, a demodulation stage for demodulating the received modulated signal to produce a demodulated signal, a channel estimation stage for processing the demodulated signal to provide an output signal corresponding to a channel frequency response and an equalization stage arranged to process the output signal from the channel estimation stage to produce a channel state information signal. The equalization stage is arranged to use the channel state information signal to operate on the demodulated signal from the demodulation stage to produce an equalized demodulated output signal. There is also disclosed a method for performing LS equalization on a signal in an OFDM system.

摘要翻译： 用于在OFDM系统中对信号执行LS均衡的系统包括用于接收调制信号的接收机级，用于解调所接收的调制信号以产生解调信号的解调级，用于处理解调信号以提供解调信号的信道估计级 对应于信道频率响应的输出信号和均衡级，被配置为处理来自信道估计级的输出信号以产生信道状态信息信号。 均衡级被设置为使用信道状态信息信号对来自解调级的解调信号进行操作，以产生均衡的解调输出信号。 还公开了一种在OFDM系统中对信号执行LS均衡的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07889813B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-15

申请号：US11638707

申请日：2006-12-14

申请人： Zhongjun Wang ,  Lee Guek Yeo ,  Yanxin Yan ,  Masayuki Tomisawa ,  Yujing Ting ,  Wenzhen Li

发明人： Zhongjun Wang ,  Lee Guek Yeo ,  Yanxin Yan ,  Masayuki Tomisawa ,  Yujing Ting ,  Wenzhen Li

IPC分类号： H03K5/159 ,  H04L27/00 ,  H04B7/208 ,  H03D3/00

CPC分类号： H04L27/2647 ,  H04L1/0054 ,  H04L1/0071 ,  H04L25/067 ,  H04L27/3809

摘要： A method for demapping dual carrier modulated COFDM signals comprises normalizing an estimated channel state information signal to obtain a normalized channel state information signal, determining a Y-domain weighting factor from the normalized channel state information signal, determining an X-domain weighting factor from the normalized channel state information signal, performing equalization on a received data OFDM signal to obtain an equalized data signal, weighting an equalized data signal using the Y-domain weighting factor and the X-domain weighting factor to generate a weighted input signal of a demapper and performing linear demapping of the weighted input signal in the demapper. There is also disclosed an apparatus for demapping dual carrier modulated COFDM signals and a receiver comprising such an apparatus.

摘要翻译： 一种用于对双载波调制COFDM信号进行解映射的方法包括对估计的信道状态信息信号进行归一化以获得归一化信道状态信息信号，从归一化信道状态信息信号确定Y域加权因子，从 归一化信道状态信息信号，对接收到的数据OFDM信号执行均衡以获得均衡的数据信号，使用Y域加权因子和X域加权因子对均衡数据信号进行加权，以产生解映射器的加权输入信号， 对解映射器中的加权输入信号进行线性解映射。 还公开了一种用于解映射双载波调制COFDM信号的装置和包括这种装置的接收机。

公开(公告)号：US07818360B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-19

申请号：US11643936

申请日：2006-12-22

申请人： Zhongjun Wang ,  Lee Guek Yeo ,  Wenzhen Li ,  Yanxin Yan ,  Yujing Ting ,  Masayuki Tomisawa

发明人： Zhongjun Wang ,  Lee Guek Yeo ,  Wenzhen Li ,  Yanxin Yan ,  Yujing Ting ,  Masayuki Tomisawa

IPC分类号： G06F17/14

CPC分类号： G06F17/142 ,  H04L27/263 ,  H04L27/265

摘要： A processor for performing a Fast Fourier Transform and/or an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform of a complex input signal comprises a first stage for passing the input signal to a second stage when a Fast Fourier Transform procedure is to be performed and for swapping the real and imaginary components of the complex input signal before passing the signal to the second stage if an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform procedure is to be performed. The second stage has first and second radix-4 butterfly elements. A third stage is arranged to switch between first and second operating modes, the second operating mode being for processing a complex conjugate symmetrical input signal. A fourth stage has a plurality of processing units, one or more of the processing units comprising a radix-2 pipelined Fast Fourier Transform processor. The first and second radix-4 butterfly elements are arranged to perform a butterfly operation on the complex input signal to generate and deliver one or more components of a processed signal to the fourth stage. The fourth stage is arranged to process the processed signal received from the first stage according to a Fast Fourier Transform processing procedure to produce an output signal. There is also disclosed a method for performing a Fast Fourier Transform and/or Inverse Fast Fourier Transform of a complex input signal.

摘要翻译： 用于执行复数输入信号的快速傅里叶变换和/或快速傅里叶逆变换的处理器包括用于当要执行快速傅里叶变换过程时将输入信号传递到第二级的第一级，并用于交换真实和 如果要执行快速傅里叶逆变换方法，则将信号传递到第二级之前的复数输入信号的虚分量。 第二阶段有第一和第四个基数-4蝴蝶元素。 第三级被设置为在第一和第二操作模式之间切换，第二操作模式用于处理复共轭对称输入信号。 第四级具有多个处理单元，一个或多个处理单元包括基数为2的流水线快速傅里叶变换处理器。 第一和第二基数-4蝶形元件被布置成对复数输入信号执行蝶形运算，以产生并将经处理的信号的一个或多个分量递送到第四级。 第四级被设置为根据快速傅里叶变换处理程序处理从第一级接收的处理信号以产生输出信号。 还公开了一种用于执行复合输入信号的快速傅里叶变换和/或快速傅里叶逆变换的方法。